民勤荒漠区主要植物的物候特性与牧草利用

通过设置样方、样点和运用物候观测,对退化荒漠植物群落进行轻度放牧利用分析,即运用植被状况与降水量的关系,分析限制植物生长的因素;运用不同稳定性沙丘的植被状况和土壤种子库资料,分析荒漠草地的可利用性和可利用程度;运用物候资料分析民勤荒漠区(灌木和草本植物)牧草利用的主要季节。结果表明:民勤荒漠草地土壤种子库中植物种子丰富,影响当地植物密度和植被盖度的关键因素是降水,可进行轻度放牧。轻度放牧时,要依据牧草展叶盛期的开始序列和果熟期的开始序列选择植物群落,实行小规模、间歇式轮牧。展叶盛期为一年中牧草的第1个利用季节,果熟期为一年中的第2个利用季节。     

闽北擂茶文化传承的思考

从闽北擂茶悠久历史入手,剖析闽北擂茶的制作特点及其品饮文化的内涵,阐述闽北擂茶的养生保健文化,分析闽北擂茶文化传承存在的问题并提出改进建议,为闽北茶文化传承提供参考.     

Integration of soil, crop and weed management in low-external-input farming systems

Greater adoption and refinement of low-external-input (LEI) farming systems have been proposed as ways to ameliorate economic, environmental and health problems associated with conventional farming systems. Organic soil amendments and crop diversification are basic components of LEI systems. Weed scientists can improve the use of these practices for weed management by improving knowledge of four relevant ecological mechanisms. First, multispecies crop rotations, intercrops and cover crops may reduce opportunities for weed growth and regeneration through resource competition and niche disruption. Secondly, weed species appear to be more susceptible to phytotoxic effects of crop residues and other organic soil amendments than crop species, possibly because of differences in seed mass. Thirdly, delayed patterns of N availability in LEI systems may favour large-seeded crops over small-seeded weeds. Finally, additions of organic materials can change the incidence and severity of soil-borne diseases affecting weeds and crops. Our research on LEI sweetcorn and potato production systems in central and northern Maine (USA) suggests that these mechanisms can reduce weed density and growth while maintaining crop yields. Low-external-input farming systems will advance most quickly through the application of interdisciplinary research focused on these and other ecological mechanisms.     

An analysis of the persistence and potency of film‐coated seed protectant as influenced by various storage parameters

BACKGROUND: An efficient delivery system for seed‐protectant chemicals is needed in light of several disadvantages of conventional seed treatment methods. This study evaluates the efficacy of film‐coat application in maintaining the persistence and potency of imidacloprid on Lycopersicon esculentum (L.) Mill. seeds after simultaneous storage under ambient and regulated environment in paper and aluminium packages. RESULTS: High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed 0.135 mg kg^?1 of herbage material to be the threshold value beyond which absolute control was obtained, and with film coating the latter was achieved even with half‐dosage seed treatment, irrespective of the storage condition. The technique provided early protection to the crop and also nullified the deleterious effects of ambient storage on the persistence and potency of the pesticide. CONCLUSION: Film coating enabled superior pesticide dosage as well as higher biological efficacy to be achieved. Hence, in addition to being an ecofriendly alternative, the technique would be a more economically viable option for storage of treated seeds. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

杂交粳稻新组合禾香优1号的选育、制种及直播栽培技术

禾香优1号是浙江省嘉兴市农业科学研究院与浙江勿忘农种业股份有限公司利用粳稻不育系禾香1A与恢复系TD47配组而成的杂交粳稻新组合。该组合米质优、综合抗性强、适应性广,2020年通过国家品种审定,适宜在浙江省、上海市、江苏省南部、安徽省和湖北省沿江的粳稻区作单季晚稻种植。根据近几年田间示范表现和制种实践,总结了该组合高产制种和直播栽培技术要点。     

南方红豆杉种子透性及甲醇浸提液的生物测定

对南方红豆杉种子休眠原因进行研究。结果表明:南方红豆杉种皮的透水性不是引起休眠的主要原因。南方红豆杉种子各部分的甲醇浸提液作生物测定,表明种子的内种皮、中种皮及胚乳均含有某些抑制物质,对白菜苗高和根长的生长有一定的抑制作用。其中以内种皮的抑制能力为最高,胚乳次之,中种皮最少。表明南方红豆杉种子的胚乳、内种皮和中种皮存在的多种有机化合物是造成南方红豆杉种子休眠的主要原因之一。     

温度对发草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

为了探讨发草种子的萌发特性,研究了不同恒温和变温对发草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果显示,发草种子的千粒质量为0.274 g。较高温度有利于发草种子萌发,较低温度萌发速率较慢。25/15℃变温条件下发芽率最高可达98%,为发草种子最适宜萌发温度;10℃下发芽率最低,为61%。发草种子标准发芽试验初次和末次统计时间分别为第7 d和15 d;25℃条件下芽长最长为2.63 cm;25/15℃条件下根长最长,达到1.29 cm;30/5℃条件下的芽长、根长最短,分别为0.31 cm和0.25 cm。     

马铃薯播种机漏播检测与补种系统的设计与试验

针对勺链式马铃薯播种机作业过程漏播率较高的问题,提出“错位定位法”马铃薯漏播检测方法,并设计马铃薯漏播检测与补种系统。以ATmega2560单片机为核心,设计由永磁铁阵列、霍尔传感器、漫反射光电开关传感器组成的漏播检测系统;提出V型补种轨道导向与电磁铁击打结合的补种装置,试验测试马铃薯漏播检测与补种系统的性能。结果表明：马铃薯漏播检测系统的检测精度为96.54%;勺链运动速度为0.20～0.40m/s和mos管通断时间为250ms时,补种合格率>89.0%;击打棒形状为圆柱形、直径为30mm、长度50mm时,击打成功率为97.4%;当V型补种轨道张角和倾角分别为90°和30°时,补种合格率为95.33%,漏补率和堵塞率分别为1.0%和0.67%。该马铃薯漏播检测与补种系统可有效降低漏播率。     

茶及其副产品在畜禽养殖中的应用

我国茶资源丰富,且其富含多种独特的营养成分,可以调节畜禽机体的生理功能,在畜禽养殖应用中无残留、无毒副作用,能从根本上满足人们对畜禽产品品质安全的需求,从而改善和提高人们的生活水平。为此,文章就茶及其副产物的生物学特征和营养水平进行介绍,并综述其作为饲料资源对畜禽自身的生长发育、畜产品品质的影响,以及在畜禽养殖上的保健作用,旨在为茶及其副产物作为新型饲料资源的开发应用提供参考。     

茶树病虫害识别防治信息查询系统的开发

本文应用VB6.0开发茶树病虫害识别防治信息查询系统,该查询系统界面友好、使用方便、共收入茶树病虫害77种.其中病害24种,叶部病害11种,枝部病害8种,根部病害5种;虫害53种,食叶性害虫24种,刺吸式害虫18种,钻蛀性害虫7种,地下害虫4种.该系统通过安装向导创建安装程序后即可使用,适合基层农技推广人员、茶农及科研人员作信息查询使用.