绵羊Izumo1基因多态性及其与产羔数关联分析

为研究Izumo1基因多态性及与产羔数关系,本研究利用PCR和直接测序法对小尾寒羊和苏尼特羊的Izumo1基因DNA序列进行扩增、测序和BLAST分析,并和本课题组前期绵羊重测序数据进行比对,筛选出Izumo1基因SNP位点。同时,采用Sequenom MassARRAY~?技术进行基因分型,并对其SNP位点的基因型和等位基因频率在各群体中的分布进行研究。结果表明:小尾寒羊Izumo1基因DNA全长序列3 385 bp,苏尼特羊Izumo1基因DNA全长序列3 382 bp;筛选出8个Izumo1基因SNP位点,经过初步筛选,将在小尾寒羊、苏尼特羊、滩羊、萨福克羊、杜泊羊、草原藏羊这6个绵羊品种中位点分布没有差异的SNP位点排除,最终筛选获得的g.54412135AG和g.54412107CA 2个位点。Izumo1基因g.54412135AG位点在多羔和单羔绵羊品种中存在GG、GA和AA 3种基因型,G基因为优势等位基因;g.54412107CA在多羔品种中存在CC和CA 2种基因型,而在单羔品种中存在CC、CA和AA 3种基因型,C基因为优势等位基因,其基因型频率和基因频率在单、多羔绵羊群体间的分布差异均极显著(P0.01);群体遗传学分析得出g.54412135AG多态位点在6个品种中的多态信息含量(PIC)都属于低度多态(PIC0.25);g.54412107CA多态位点在杜泊羊中属于中度多态(0.25PIC0.5),在其他5个品种中都属于低度多态(PIC0.25),然而,关联分析发现Izumo1基因g.54412135AG和g.54412107CA位点的不同基因型与小尾寒羊不同胎次产羔数之间不存在显著关联(P0.05)。     

Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus found in milk macrophages but not in milk lymphocytes or mammary gland epithelia of naturally infected sheep

Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) causes ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma. JSRV can be transmitted via infected colostrum or milk, which contain somatic cells (SCs) harboring JSRV provirus. Nevertheless, the cell types involved in this form of transmission and the involvement of the mammary gland remain unknown. We separated adherent cells (macrophages and monocytes) by plastic adherence, and lymphocytes (CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and B cells) by flow cytometry, from SCs in milk samples from 12 naturally infected, PCR blood test JSRV–positive, subclinical ewes. These cell populations were tested by PCR to detect JSRV provirus. The ewes were euthanized, and mammary gland samples were analyzed immunohistochemically to detect JSRV surface protein. We did not detect JSRV provirus in any milk lymphocyte population, but milk adherent cells were positive in 3 of 12 sheep, suggesting a potential major role of this population in the lactogenic transmission of JSRV. Immunohistochemistry did not reveal positive results in mammary epithelial cells, pointing to a lack of participation of the mammary gland in the biological cycle of JSRV and reducing the probability of excretion of free viral particles in colostrum or milk.     

Uterine Expression of WNT7A and β-catenin After Induction of Oestrus in Sheep

WNT7A and β-catenin localisations and roles in regulating periimplantation ovine conceptus development under natural estrous conditions have been elaborated.However,their locations and expression patterns have not been reported under induction of oestrus.The localisation,expression and function of WNT7A and β-catenin in the uterine tissues of the early pregnant and non-pregnant sheep on days 10,12,14,16 and 18 following artificial induction of oestrus were investigated by means of in situ hybridisation,real-time RT-PCR,immuno-histochemistry and western blotting methods.WNT7A and β-catenin mRNA and protein were both restricted to the apical surfaces of the uterine luminal epithelium (LE) and glandular epithelium (GE).In pregnant sheep,protein localisation of WNT7A and β-catenin was observed both in the endometrial LE and GE.Their staining presented on day 10,increased between day 12 and day 16,and decreased on day 18.WNT7A and β-catenin mRNA and protein expression increased initially and then decreased from day 10 to day 18,peaking on day 16,and β-catenin reaching a peak on day 18 in the uterine tissues of pregnant sheep (p0.05).By contrast,no significant changes in WNT7A and β-catenin mRNA and protein expression levels were observed from day 10 to day 18 of the oestrus cycle in the uterine tissues of non-pregnant sheep (p0.05).Additionally,WNT7A and β-catenin mRNA and protein expression levels in the uterine tissues of the early pregnant sheep were significantly higher than those of non-pregnant sheep (p0.05).Treatment of endometrial epithelial cells with WNT7A increased the mRNA expressions of β-catenin,c-myc and Cyclin D1.These results provided an underlying mechanism of periimplantation ovine conceptus development under induction of oestrus.     

边界病研究进展

边界病(border disease,BD)是由边界病毒(BDV)引起绵羊和山羊的一种病毒性疾病,临床症状表现为母羊不孕、流产和死胎,以及羔羊体型异常,多毛,震颤,因此又称"多毛震颤病","茸毛症".该病的主要传播途径是垂直传播,持续性感染的羔羊是该疾病在绵羊中传播的潜在主要传染源.山羊相对绵羊感染症状相对较轻,主要表...     

纤维素酶处理荞麦秸秆对其纤维结构和滩羊肉品质的影响

本试验旨在研究荞麦秸秆经不同酶活纤维素酶处理对其发酵前后纤维结构、营养成分、微生物数量以及滩羊肉品质的影响.本试验分为两部分,第1部分为酶处理试验,第2部分为饲养试验.酶处理试验共设计3个组,分别为对照组(未经酶处理的荞麦秸秆),试验I组(纤维素酶I处理的荞麦秸秆),试验Ⅱ组(纤维素酶Ⅱ处理的荞麦秸秆),每组3个重复....     

一起羊传染性脓疱的诊治

秦州区汪川镇刘斜村,属贫困村,养殖户共计18户,其中养猪户10户,养鸡户2户,养牛户4户,养羊户2户,总计饲养量达11300余头只,属养殖大村。两户养羊户共计饲养羊82只,发病17只,发病率20.7%。给养殖户造成了重大的经济损失。本文根据发病情况、病因调查、临床检查、综合诊断,提出有效的防治措施,从治疗效果上取得了显著的成效,治愈率100%,为养殖户最大程度地降低了经济损失。获得了良好的社会效益。     

子宫内输精技术在绵羊生产中的应用研究

对绵羊腹腔镜子宫内输精技术的输精时间、输精部位进行了研究,并在实践应用中对该技术加以改进和完善,进一步验证了子宫内输精优点和输精的可操作性.试验结果表明:诱导发情的母羊在撤栓后54 h,同期发情母羊在撤栓后60 h,采用双侧子宫角深部输精,输精效果最好,受胎率可达60%～80%.     

杜泊、萨福克、无角陶塞特与小尾寒羊杂交肥羔肉质特性的研究

选在相同条件下饲养的杜泊、萨福克、无角陶塞特与小尾寒羊杂交一代及小尾寒羊(公羔、5～6 月龄、体重46～48.5 kg)共16只,每个处理4只.经屠宰取背最长肌和股二头肌各半制备样品,测定肌肉中化学成分、氨基酸、矿物质和微量元素含量.结果表明:粗蛋白质含量,萨寒F1 20.8%,陶寒F1 20.5%,杜寒F1 20.1%,均高于小尾寒羊(19.6%).每百克肉中17种氨基酸总量也分别高于小尾寒羊,依次为萨寒F1(20.09g),陶寒F1(19.78g);杜寒F1(19.13g);小尾寒羊(18.42g).人体营养所需要的必需氨基酸总量分别比小尾寒羊提高8.86%;8.54%和2.16%,其中组氨酸的含量显著高于小尾寒羊(P＜0.05);杜寒F1和陶寒F1的蛋氨酸含量也显著高于小尾寒羊(P＜0.05).与风味(鲜味)有直接关系的天冬氨酸和谷氨酸含量也分别比小尾寒羊高.萨寒F1和陶寒F1粗脂肪含量高于小尾寒羊(P＜0.05).杂交肥羔钙极显著高于小尾寒羊(P＜0.01),铁、锰、硒含量也显著高于小尾寒羊(P＜0.05);而小尾寒羊肥羔肉含锌量(34mg)高于杂交羊;有毒有害元素均未检出,综合评定杂交肥羔肉的营养价值和肉质品质均优于小尾寒羊.     

羊衣对我国西部羊毛品质和产量的影响

甘肃高山细毛羊常年生活在海拔3000米高的我国西北地区,其自然环境相当恶劣,夏天温度很高,春天风沙很大,紫外线很强烈.羊毛的产量和质量严重受这些因素影响.羊衣可解决这些不良因素的影响,当绵羊穿上这种衣服时,平均试验羊个体净毛量提高0.44Kg,毛束长度提高0.33cm,净毛率提高30.57%.所以绵羊穿上这种衣服可控制风沙、灰尘、紫外线的侵害,达到提高羊毛品质的目的.     

规模化羊场冬季羊舍外围护内表面温度的分布规律

旨在研究河北省规模化羊场冬季羊舍外围护内表面温度的分布规律.选择规模化羊场的6栋羊舍,采用定点定时的检测方法,分别于早、午、晚对各舍外围护内表面(屋顶2个坡、墙4个侧面和地面料道两侧)温度及舍内温湿度进行检测.结果表明,外围护结构内表面温度与舍内环境温度呈显著的线性正相关关系(P＜0.01,r=0.94),回归方程为y...