长输管道盾构隧道地质勘察设计

介绍了盾构隧道管道穿越特大型河流地质勘察在方案设计、初步设计、施工图设计和施工印证勘察四个阶段中的勘察项目和方法,详细说明了盾构穿越断面所通过的崩塌性沙层、高水压区的含卵石砾层、软弱粉质粘土层、含有缺氧层和有害气体等特殊地层的勘察内容和要求.     

探索长输管道大型跨越的新形式-索托管桥

介绍了长输管道大型跨越常用的斜拉索管桥和悬索管桥两种结构型式的优缺点，提出了一种新的跨越结构型式－－索托结构。对索托管桥的工作原理、力学模型、受力特点、主要优点以及存在的问题进行了分析。该结构外形酷似斜拉索管桥，受力状态却与悬索管桥有些相似，既具有斜拉索管桥和悬索管桥的优点，又弥补了各自的不足，大大提高了索的效率，节省了材料用量和工程造价，且施工方便。     

人工落叶松与天然水曲柳混交林中树种关系的定量分析

以东北林业大学帽儿山实验林场老爷岭生态站11林班次生林区撂荒地上人工栽植的落叶松与天然侵入的水曲柳混交林为研究对象,在所设置的固定标准地内,分别以落叶松、水曲柳和其它阔叶树为目的树,调查半径1～6m内树木的株数和胸径;并以每株树为圆心测定最近8株树之间的距离、胸径和冠幅,获得基本数据。应用Alemdag模型计算竞争指数,并用方差分析和数量化模型方法进行了分析。结果表明,落叶松的种内竞争大于种间竞争,且落叶松与水曲柳之间的竞争相对最小。就试验地的条件而言,在20～30年生时每公顷保留2800株左右,落叶松与水曲柳混交比以2∶1为宜,这样不仅可以改善林地条件,而且可以提高林分生产力。     

农业劳动工具的使用性与舒适性相结合问题

本文从农业美学的角度,研究农业劳动工具的使用性与舒适性相结合问题。     

12～17周龄金定蛋鸭色氨酸适宜需要量的研究

通过试验研究色氨酸对12～17周龄金定蛋鸭的免疫指标和性成熟指标的影响,最终确定后备蛋鸭色氨酸的需要量。选择12周龄健康的金定蛋鸭180只,随机分成5组,每组6个重复,每个重复6只。处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组饲喂色氨酸水平分别为0.199%、0.22%0、.24%、0.26%、0.30%。采用二次曲线方程确定后备蛋鸭的色氨酸适宜水平。结果表明:①0.252%～0.269%的色氨酸能显著提高试鸭血清白细胞介素(IL-2)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量(P<0.05),显著降低血清皮质醇(Cort)和免疫球蛋白M(IgM)的含量(P<0.05)。0.252%～0.255%的色氨酸能显著提高试鸭的胸腺指数、法氏囊指数和脾指数(P<0.05)。②0.242%～0.260%的色氨酸对试鸭促卵泡激素(FSH)和雌二醇(E2)分泌影响不显著(P>0.05),对血清中促黄体生成素(LH)和孕酮(P4)影响显著(P<0.05)。0.247%～0.250%的色氨酸能促进试鸭生殖器官的发育,但不显著(P>0.05)。试验结果提示:以免疫指标及性成熟为评价指标1,2～17周龄金定蛋鸭的适宜色氨酸水平为0.242%～0.269%。     

Evaluation of Chinese Triticeae for resistance to Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV)

Summary Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV) is recognised as a major pathological constraint to cereal production in northern China and several widespread epidemics have been reported. The host range of BYDV includes not only cereals but many grasses. The indigenous Triticeae of northern China have likely been exposed to significant disease pressure from BYDV and therefore may be a potential source of BYDV resistance for cereal improvement. A wide range of Triticeae accessions collected over three expeditions in northern China were evaluated for resistance to BYDV. Seedlings were artificially inoculated and virus levels then assayed by ELISA. Resistance and immunity to BYDV were found to be widely distributed among the seven genera of Triticeae included in the screening. A high proportion of resistant and immune accessions was found in the genera Hordeum, Leymus, Elymus and Elytrigia. The wide range of reaction types to BYDV found within many species, and even between accessions of some species, indicates that natural selection for BYDV resistance may have been relatively recent in the Chinese Triticeae. A high proportion of resistance and/or immunity was found in Xinjiang compared to the general distribution. From the Chinese Triticeae tested the Leymus species may be the most appropriate material to initiate transfer of BYDV resistance to wheat.     

甘蔗细茎野生种(S.spontaneum)远缘杂交组合的灰色评判

应用灰色系统理论中的杂交组合灰色评判原理和方法,对16个甘蔗细茎野生种远缘杂交组合进行综合评判。结果表明:N2、N4、N7、N12、N16五个组合为优良组合(一等),在以后的各世代中应集中精力重点选择;N1、N8、N10、N11、N14五个组合为较好组合(二等),其综合性状稍差于优良组合,应进一步观察试验;N3、N5、N6、N9、N13、N15六个组合为一般组合(三等),在没有特殊优异性状表现的情况下,应考虑淘汰。     

贵州从江香猪与中国农大小型猪Ⅰ系的杂交性能

为加快贵州香猪资源的开发利用,培育出高品质的实验用小型猪,以贵州从江香猪为母本、中国农大小型猪Ⅰ系为父本进行杂交,测定杂交猪(农×从杂交猪)的繁殖性能和F1代的生长发育性能指标。结果表明:农×从杂交猪的平均窝产仔数为10.26头,窝断奶仔猪数为8.89头,仔猪初生重为0.68kg/头,与贵州从江香猪差异不显著(P0.05);农×从杂交猪F1代的生长速度缓慢,6月龄杂交猪平均体重为25.85kg,体高为42.44cm,体长为75.29cm,胸围为69.78cm,均显著低于纯繁贵州从江香猪(P0.05)。农×从杂交猪F1代体型矮小,生长发育缓慢,是较为理想的实验动物选育群。     

新型全防护拉索在管道跨越中的应用

介绍了新型全防护拉索在管道跨越中的应用，以往管道跨越采用不同规格钢丝绳作为承重索，抗风索，但由于钢丝绳本身的结构特点，给管道跨越设计施工带来了很多困难，苏州华能热网工程首次采用高强钢丝新型全防护拉索作为管道跨越的承重索及抗风索，效果很好，就这种新型全防护拉索的帛作技术及其特点进行了详细描述。     

Variation in Nicotine Content of Cultured Cell Lines of Nicotiana Species and their Somatic and Sexual Hybrids

Several Nicotiana species, their intergeneric sexual and somatic hybrids were compared for their in vitro growth rate and nicotine content. Cell yield on a dry weight basis and HPLC analysis of their nicotine content revealed a very high variation within each cell line from parental, sexual and somatic hybrids for the two traits analyzed. The trigeneríc sexual hybrids (N. rustica × N. debneyi) × N. tabacum and only two of the N. rustica × N. tabacum somatic hybrid lines show a positive heterosis in nicotine content in vitro The in vitro growth rate and nicotine content did not demonstrate a statistically significant correlation.