农户测土配方施肥技术采纳行为研究——基于山东省枣庄市薛城区农户调研数据

 【目的】研究农户逐步采纳测土配方施肥技术行为的技术效果及其影响因素。【方法】利用实地调研数据,采用T检验和Bivariate Probit计量模型进行实证研究。【结果】样本地区农户“未采纳”、“部分采纳”和“完全采纳”测土配方施肥技术行为在技术效果上存在显著差异。地块特征、技术指导对农户“部分采纳”测土配方施肥技术的行为呈显著正相关;农户的年龄对农户“完全采纳”该技术呈显著负相关;而农业收入比重、农户的耕地面积、施肥观念、技术理解能力、技术指导、技术获得对农户“完全采纳”该技术的行为呈显著正相关。【结论】农户采纳测土配方施肥技术具有显著的增收效应。农户耕地采用平均分地的分配方式、与农技人员联系不方便会导致农户“未采纳”测土配方施肥技术;而农户的年龄偏高、农业收入比重相对较低、耕地面积相对较小、具有传统施肥观念、未能全面理解测土配方施肥技术和缺失配方卡是农户“部分采纳”该技术的重要原因。     

试用参与式贫富排序法识别高校经济困难学生

采用参与式贫富排序方法来识别高校经济困难学生对象,并实地检测该方法的有效性、适用性和可行性。     

Comprehensive Results of Closing Hill for Forest as Regeneration Project (CHFRP)

In order to approach the comprehensive results of CHFRP, Mayandong stock cooperation forest farm was selected as research object in Xupu county. These methods such as semi-structure interview, second data analysis and sample sites survey were used to investigate and study the ecological results, economical results and social results of CHFRP. The results show that CHFRP can restore the forest vegetation, promote forest growth, improve the physical and chemical properties and nutrition condition of forest soil, enhance economical result, and stabilize the production form in countryside. Therefore, the ecological results, economical results and social results of CHFRP are good. This research has found a way for reclaiming degraded forestland in Xupu county and other areas.     

加强科技档案开发 促进农业成果转化

从科学技术档案开发在发展农业生产、繁荣农村经济中的重大作用入手, 探讨了在新形势下推进科技成果转化为现实生产力, 必须坚持改变观念, 加速档案开发利用, 挖掘档案的潜在价值。     

Genetic analysis of competition data on Icelandic horses

In a study of the possibility of using competition data in the genetic evaluation of Icelandic horses, data from competitions held in Iceland between 1999 and 2004 and in Sweden between 1998 and 2004 were analyzed to estimate the genetic parameters of competition performance traits. The data-sets from both countries included 18 982 records of 3790 horses in 379 different events. Two types of competition were included: sport competitions and gæðinga competitions performed on oval tracks and on a straight track. Each type of competition involves several disciplines in which the horses are ridden in the various gaits. The traits analyzed were two different measures of four-gait, five-gait and tölt, and one pace trait. In both the four-gait and five-gait tests the gaits walk, trot, tölt and gallop are exhibited. In the five-gait test, pace is also exhibited. The traits tölt and pace are performances of these single gaits. Highly correlated and similar traits were combined, and three new traits relating to tölt, four-gait and five-gait were formed. No large differences in means or standard deviations of traits were found between countries. All traits were approximately normally distributed. Genetic parameters were estimated using linear animal models including the fixed effects of sex, age and event for all traits, and the level of discipline was included for some traits. Random permanent environmental effects were also included. Estimated heritabilities were moderate to high, ranging from 0.18 to 0.21 for sport-competition traits, from 0.33 to 0.35 for gæðinga-competition traits and from 0.19 to 0.22 for combined traits. Estimated genetic correlations between different sport-competition traits varied from 0.63 to 0.96, and between the two gæðinga-competition traits it was estimated at 0.43. Genetic correlations between sport- and gæðinga-competition traits ranged from − 0.42 to 1.00. It was concluded that competition traits are suitable to include in genetic evaluations.     

西伯利亚红松引种试验初报

本文对西伯利亚红松引种内容及初步结果做了介绍和分析，同时得到了初步结论。     

优化"思想道德修养"课教学效果的探索

分析当前“思想道德修养”课教学存在的问题,以及影响“思想道德修养”课教学效果的因素,提出明确教学定位、改善教学内容、采用多种教学方式方法、完善教与学的评价体系,是推进“思想道德修养”课教学改革,优化其教学效果的可行办法。     

聚氨酯材料烤房的应用研究

[目的]研究聚氨酯材料烤房的烘烤性能,降低烟叶烘烤成本.[方法]将聚氨酯材料烤房与普通密集烤房的控温效果、烘烤效果以及烘烤成本进行比较分析.[结果]试验表明,2种材料烤房无差异,平面温差均随着温度升高稍有扩大,各层的平面温差均在0.2～0.5℃,烤房分风均匀,但聚氨酯材料烤房的垂直温差略平稳;2种材料烤房烘烤效果均较好且差异较小;聚氨酯材料烤房的经济效益、耗煤量、耗电量、用工优于普通烤房,但聚氨酯材料烤房的建造成本高于普通烤房,然其使用寿命较长.[结论]聚氨酯材料烤房性能较优,具有较好的应用前景.     

结合农业科学的乡土地理研究性学习对教师的积极影响

针对高中乡土地理研究性学习具有充分的开放性、深刻的探究性和丰富的实践性特征,结合教育学和心理学的理论基础作指导,探索结合农业科学的乡土地理研究性学习,强调利用地理知识在解决现实问题中的优势,活跃了教学科研氛围,为教师形成自己的独特个性的教学风格奠定了良好的理论基础.     

北京大兴低效林更新改造成果效益分析

对北京大兴区杨树用材低效林、农田林网防护低效林、城镇周边功能低效林、绿色通道景观低效林和城镇行道树景观低效林等5种类型低效林改造成果进行效益分析。结果表明:改造杨树用材低效林3 979.4hm2,累计增加碳汇543 814.8t,折合价值3 262.9万元,木材价值增加31 662.6万元;改造农田林网防护低效林2 897.5km,防护农田45 302hm2;改造城镇周边功能低效林312.2hm2,为周边社区的几十万市民提供了多处自然、健康、和谐、可持续的休闲游憩场所;改造绿色通道景观低效林217km,绿化面积2 887.3 hm2,为人们营造了多层次、多树种、多色彩,富有动态美、韵律美的出行环境;改造城镇行道树景观低效林133.5km,为城镇居民提供了更加优美舒适的居住环境。