“好书推介”刍议

“好书推介”是为高校师生高质量导读馆藏图书的重要工作,也是馆藏宣传不可或缺的组成部分。为此,要做好高校图书馆的“好书推介”工作,在图书的选择上必须有一定的原则,在宣传方式上必须多样化,从事推介工作的人员必须要达到基本的素质要求。     

测土配方施肥技术在甘蔗上的应用研究

为了探讨测土配方施肥技术在甘蔗上的应用效果,促进该项技术在甘蔗生产上迅速推广应用,2008年进行了测土配方施肥与常规施肥对比试验。结果表明,在相同的自然条件下,测土配方施肥能明显改善甘蔗的农艺经济性状,与常规施肥相比,增产糖料蔗4927．4kg／ha,增产率为5．65％,经济效益提高1359．35元／ha。     

从战略高度推进竹业发展的几点思考

木本竹在保证木材安全、食品安全、生态安全和繁荣生态文明中具有重要的地位,尤其在促进地方经济发展、改善民生、绿色发展等方面发挥着重要作用,竹产业发展迎来了良好的机遇。文中以咸宁毛竹资源的开发利用现状为背景,在充分分析调研资料的基础上,剖析了竹业发展面临着劳动力资源贫乏、传统竹制品应用空间被压缩、加工技术滞后、综合利用率低、扶持力度不大等问题。在综合评估竹子及其产业地位和价值的基础上,针对存在问题提出了通过加大政策支持、完善产业链条、突破技术瓶颈等手段来推动竹业健康快速和可持续发展的建议。     

Diagnostic Leaf Nutrient Norms and Identification of Yield-Limiting Nutrients of Mango in Eastern Plateau and Hill Region of India

The leaf nutritional status of mango orchards was assessed using diagnosis and recommendation integrated system (DRIS). The DRIS norms, which showed higher variance and lower coefficients of variation, are found to have greater diagnostic precision. As per DRIS indices, a relative deficiency for magnesium, zinc, and boron corresponding to relative sufficiency for calcium, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and potassium was detected in 9-year-old mango orchards. For the younger orchards (6–7 year old), the order of requirement of nutrients was found to be calcium > sulfur > potassium > boron > nitrogen > phosphorus > magnesium > zinc. Boron was found as the most yield-limiting elements in all age group of plants. When the DRIS indices were compared on the basis of soil pH, calcium and magnesium were most yield-limiting nutrients below pH 5.5, while nitrogen, zinc, and boron were found to be most limiting above pH 5.5.     

不同氮肥用量与施肥时期对冷浸田单季稻 生长及农学效率的影响

冷浸田为福建省主要低产田类型之一。基于福建省浅脚烂泥田、青泥田与锈水田主要冷浸田类型,通过田间3个点试验研究不同氮肥用量(105、150与195 kg/hm~2)与施用时期(基蘖肥︰穗肥=10︰0与基蘖肥︰穗肥=7︰3)运筹组合对单季稻生长的影响。结果表明,增施氮肥促进了各类型冷浸田水稻分蘖期分蘖生长速率。不同氮肥组合的锈水田、青泥田与浅脚烂泥田水稻籽粒产量分别较不施肥(CK)增幅14.5%~45.5%、9.4%~13.5%和10.4%~15.9%,但在105 kg/hm~2用量基础上再进一步增施氮肥,籽粒增产效果明显放缓。施用氮肥显著增加了成熟期水稻有效穗数,但对每穗实粒数及千粒重影响不明显。105、150、195 kg/hm~2 3种氮肥用量下各类型冷浸田的农学效率均值分别为17.4、13.3与12.8 kg/kg。除浅脚烂泥田施用穗肥的秸秆产量有显著差异外,其余氮肥不同施肥时期的籽粒与秸秆产量均无显著差异。增施氮肥有提高籽粒氮的趋势,但同时降低了籽粒钾含量。鉴于冷浸田土壤氮素水平较高,单季稻氮肥经济用量宜控制在105~150 kg/hm~2中低水平,超过150 kg/hm~2,农学效率递减,且无明显增产效果。另从人工成本及效益考虑,宜选择基蘖肥︰穗肥=10︰0的施氮方式。     

济源植烟土壤肥力特征研究(英文)

对济源市烤烟主产区(邵原,王屋,下冶和大峪)植烟土壤的肥力特征进行了分析,取样地点覆盖全市各主要植烟村土壤。结果表明,济源是河南潜在的优质烟区之一,其土壤肥力特征如下:烟区土壤总氮、碱解氮、速效磷、有机质含量较适宜;速效钾含量则比较丰富,在豫西乃至河南烟区都处于较高水平;水溶性氯含量均在合理范围。需要注意的问题,主要是个别烟区的微量元素有效锌、有效硼含量含量较低。根据济源烟区土壤肥力特征,提出了"稳氮、增磷、稳钾,普施硼肥和部分补锌肥"的烤烟施肥改进措施。     

Progresses on Personalized Nutritional Evaluation and Recommendation

Health is maintained by a state of dynamic homeostasis in which nutrient intake and ex- penditure are of good balance. Therefore, it is important to know exactly the nutritional value of food sources, as well as the nutritional requirements of individuals, in order to achieve optimal nutrition. Considering the interaction between diet and individual back- ground, nutritional evaluation and recommendation has become a complicate issue needing further investigations. While traditional nutrition research has made significant progress in population nutrition, modern nutrition research is now becoming possible to focus on personalized nutrition in health promotion, disease prevention, performance improvement, and risk assessment of individual with the development of emerging omics technologies. This review tried to summarize the methods used in nutritional evaluation and recom- mendation as well as their applications. Though personal nutrition evaluation and recommendation are still not well-established, utilization of these advanced technologies may expand our knowledge in bioavailability and bioefficacy of diet ingredients, pathophysiological changes in response to dietary intervention, as well as nutrition-associated disease biomarkers discovery, and thus contributing to personalized nutrition.     

高校图书馆推荐书目工作探析

推荐书目影响着高校学生的阅读风气,在网络环境下,深化推荐书目工作是图书馆转变服务理念,创新工作模式的一种表现。分析了推荐书目工作的背景,探讨了推荐书目的编制、宣传等问题,为高校图书馆推荐书目建设提供参考。     

非洲菊切花品种引种试种研究

通过25个非洲菊切花品种的试种观察,就各品种的生育期、植物学性状、切花产量、抗病性、切花瓶插寿命、商品性及主要性状各月变化情况等方面进行了比较评价,据此推荐了11个综合性状较好的品种。     

山西省主要耕作土壤肥力变化规律及培肥对策

通过对山西省主要耕作土壤2001年至2009年间有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷及速效钾含量的动态监测数据,经数理统计分析,总结出山西省近十年来土壤肥力的变化趋势。研究结果表明：该省近十年来土壤中除速效磷下降外,其余的有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效钾表现为上升之势。为此,在主要耕作区应重视土壤的培肥工作,推广测土配方施肥技术,进一步加大秸秆还田的面积,不断提高土壤肥力。期望为各级政府部门宏观指导当地农业生产提供科学的依据,为当地农民的增产增收提供有力的支持。