小麦类发芽素蛋白3启动子序列(登录号:AY864922)

In germinating wheat embryos, gl-OXO accumulation is localized in cell wall. It has been confirmed that this enzyme locally provides H2O2 to catalyze peroxide-mediated cross-linking of cell wall components in terminal cellular differentiation and plays an important role in enabling cells to retain their meristematic and organogenic capacity. Using tail-PCR and DNA sequencing techniques, we isolated Germin-like Protein 3 promoter sequence（l 654 bp）, from common wheat cultivar （yumai 18） genome. No GGGCGGG sequence exiting in promoter implies that germin-like protein 3 is not “house-keeping” protein. The presence of TGTCTC, an auxin response element and localizing at upstream -258, indicates that this promoter is auxin-inducible. The TATA box situates in upstream -27- -32 and 5＇-UTR consists of 95 bp.     

Effects of forage type,body condition and single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in the bovine cytochrome P450 regulatory region on cow productivity*

Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the coding sequence of cytochrome p450 (CYP3A28) have been associated with milk yield and composition, and calving traits in cows. In this study, we aimed to determine whether (i) the CYP3A28 regulatory region was polymorphic and (ii) SNP genotype, forage type, body condition and their interactions affect cow productivity. Primers for CYP3A28 promoter were designed to amplify a 483‐bp segment by PCR. Amplicon sequences revealed seven SNP (T‐318C, T‐113A, C‐189T, T‐78G, A6G, G17A and T21C) in Brahman (38 cows), Brahman x Angus reciprocal crosses (47 cows) and crossbreds (98 cows). Angus cows (n = 41) appeared to be fixed at those SNP locations. Genotype and forage {endophyte‐infected tall fescue [KY+; Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) S. J. Darbyshire] vs. bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]} effects on lifetime (8‐years) calving rate, and calf weaning weights and heights were determined in Herd 1 (126 cows); genotype and BC (low vs. moderate) effects on calving date and calving percent were determined in Herd 2 (98 cows). Four SNP (T‐318C, T‐113A, A06G and T21C) appeared to be related to cattle productivity, CC cows at T‐318C having a lower (p < 0.05) lifetime calving rate than TC or TT cows (65%, 85% and 81% respectively). Cows that grazed KY+ and were TT at T‐318C produced calves that tended (p < 0.07) to weigh less than their contemporaries. Moreover, calves of TT cows were shorter (p < 0.05) at weaning than calves of CC or TC cows. In Herd 2, moderate‐BC cows that were TT or AA at T‐318C, T‐113A, T‐78G, A6G and T21C had greater (p < 0.05) calving rates (74–80%) than heterozygous cows (46–60%), and low‐BC cows that were AA at G17A calved at least 6 days earlier (p < 0.05) than heterozygous cows. Our findings suggest that SNP in the CYP3A28 regulatory region of Brahman‐influenced cows are associated with cattle productivity.     

基于四环素调控系统构建白蛋白启动子调控大鼠uPA转基因表达的慢病毒载体

基于四环素调控系统构建白蛋白(albumin,Alb)启动子调控大鼠uPA(urokinase-type plasminogen activator,ruPA)转基因肝特异性过表达的慢病毒载体pLVX-Alb-TetOne-TRE-ruPA-T2A-CopGFP(pLATTRUTG)。以CTG0875-2-11质粒为模板,PCR扩增大鼠的uPA(ruPA)基因,3’端添加Flag标签,In-Fusion克隆至pLVX-Alb-TetOne-TRE-T2A-CopGFP(pLATTTG)质粒中,得到慢病毒载体pLVX-Alb-TetOne-TRE-ruPA-T2A-CopGFP(pLATTRUTG),所构建质粒经测序和酶切鉴定。将pLATTRUTG瞬时转染293T细胞,转染后24 h倒置荧光显微镜检测CopGFP表达;接着向6孔细胞培养板内加入强力霉素(Doxycycline,Dox),48 h后在倒置荧光显微镜下观察CopGFP表达(包括未加Dox的孔),随后收集细胞以提取总RNA和总蛋白,用于RT-qPCR检测ruPA及报告基因表达和Western blot检测标签蛋白Flag表达。酶切和测序确证我们成功构建了慢病毒载体pLATTRUTG;瞬转293T细胞后,24 h倒置荧光显微镜下可见零星细胞(约占0.1%)发弱的绿色荧光,加Dox 48 h后所有细胞展现强的绿色荧光,而不加Dox的孔内仍然只见到零星细胞(约占0.1%)发弱的绿色荧光。RT-qPCR和Western blot检测结果显示,与不加Dox的细胞相比,加Dox的细胞中ruPA、报告基因CopGFP和Flag表达水平显著升高。结果提示,成功基于四环素调控系统构建Alb启动子调控大鼠uPA转基因表达的慢病毒载体pLATTRUTG,为相关后续实验奠定了基础。     

Synthetic tetramer of a Phytophthora sojae-inducible fragment from soybean GmaSKTI36 promoter improves its pathogen induction activities

Using pathogen-induced promoters to control expression of the functional genes in transgenic plants may greatly increase the chances of boosting disease resistance. However, the number of the inducible promoters is limited. Here, we found that soybean GmaSKTI36 gene is strongly induced upon Phytophthora sojae infection. Functional analysis showed that its promoter could mediate rapid and strong induction of GUS expression upon pathogen infection in both Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and soybean hairy roots. Then, a 122 bp fragment that was critical to the activity was successfully identified by a progressive 5′ deletion analysis. Importantly, we found that a synthetic promoter by tetramerizing this fragment could confer strong P. sojae induction activities. Overall, the results suggested that the GmaSKTI36 promoter, the 122 bp fragment, and the synthetic promoter are potentially useful pathogen-inducible promoters.     

灰树花gpd-GF启动子的克隆与表达载体的构建

根据已经报道有强启动子活性的香菇gpd启动子设计引物,从灰树花基因组PCR扩增获得大小分别为1018,615bp的2个片段gpd-GF1和gpd-GF2,通过DNA序列测定得知二者的大小分别为1018,615bp,经NCB1中的BLASTN比较,gpd-GF1,gpd-GF2与已报道的香菇中克隆的gLeGPD基因上游序列的同源性分别为96%,98%,通过启动子预测软件分析,结果表明,gpd-GF1和gpd-GF2含有多个顺式作用元件如TATA box,GAtA box,CAAT box等,初步证实 gpd-GF1,gpd-GF2可能有较强的启动子活性。将gpd-GF1,gpd-GF2分别与切除CaMV35S启动子的pCAMB1A1301大片段进行亚克隆,构建成表达载体pCBgpdGF1和pCBgodGF2。     

巴西橡胶树小橡胶粒子蛋白（SRPP）基因启动子的克隆及其功能分析

摘要：小橡胶粒子蛋白（SRPP）是巴西橡胶树中参与橡胶生物合成的重要蛋白因子之一。SRPP的氨基酸序列与橡胶延长因子（REF）和菜豆胁迫相关蛋白（PVSRP）的同源性分别为72%和68%。为了进一步研究SRPP基因表达及其调控的机制,作者采用接头连接介导的PCR散步法（ligation-mediated PCR）,克隆了SRPP基因的启动子。序列分析表明,SRPP基因启动子中与光诱导相关的顺式元件占39%,可能属于光诱导型启动子,因此,SRPP基因的表达可能受光信号的调控。此外,SRPP基因启动子还具有热激响应元件（HSE）、干旱胁迫响应元件（MBS）、防卫和胁迫响应元件（TC-rich repeats）、脱落酸响应元件（ABRE）、赤霉素响应元件（GARE）和激发子响应元件（EIRE,W box）等,这表明橡胶树SRPP基因不仅参与调控橡胶生物合成,而且可能是橡胶树中响应逆境信号的抗性基因,在橡胶树抵御逆境胁迫的生理过程中发挥重要作用。     

马铃薯损伤诱导型启动子Wun1基因的克隆及其GFP表达活性

通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR),以马铃薯基因组DNA为模板,根据已报道Wun1序列设计了一对特异引物,在优化的PCR反应条件下扩增出了Wun1基因片段,通过序列分析与文献报道的碱基序列有96.86%的同源性,该基因已登录到GenBank(No.AY803296)。以pBIPG(携带GFP基因)的质粒DNA为模板,通过PCR技术亚克隆到了源自水母(Aequorea)大小为756bp的绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因,与已知序列同源率为100%。利用GFP基因作为报告基因,构建了用于比较鉴定所克隆启动子活性的pBIG(35S-GFP)和pBIWG(Wun1-GFP)两个植物表达载体,采用基因枪法进行对洋葱表皮细胞的遗传转化,检测Wun1启动子在受体细胞中调控基因表达的活性,结果表明克隆到的Wun1启动子活性强于组成型表达的35S启动子,GFP瞬时表达的分析方法也让我们有效的筛选到用于进行马铃薯抗病育种的调控元件。     

CaMV35S启动子及其在转基因作物中的应用和检测

花椰菜花叶病毒35S启动子(CaMV35S)是植物基因工程中应用最广泛的启动子之一,它在转基因植物的安全评价及检测研究中具有重要意义。了解CaMV35S启动子的起源及其发展情况,是开展转基因安全评价和检测的前提。文章对CaMV35S启动子的发展历史及其结构、功能作了简要描述,分析总结了CaMV35S启动子在转基因作物中的应用情况和目前对其相应的检测方法。针对目前在转基因作物中检测CaMV35S启动子存在的问题,认为今后转基因相关作物的序列信息及检测数据需要交流和共享,同时各个检测机构或实验室之间需要展开数据共享与共同验证,从而建立针对CaMV35S启动子的相对统一的标准检测方法。     

Molecular biology of male gametogenesis

Pollen development has been studied at a molecular level in several systems that are amenable to genetic or transgenic analysis. We have characterized several tomato genes that are expressed late in pollen development. Our goals in this research were 1) to determine the cis- and tran-acting factors that mediate pollen expression, and 2) to determine the functions of the proteins encoded by these genes. We currently favor the hypothesis that pollen-specific gene expression is mediated in a combinatorial manner. Antisense experiments have indicated an important role for the LAT52 protein during pollen hydration.     

新牧1号苜蓿两个抗逆相关基因启动子的克隆及分析

采用实时荧光定量PCR分析了新牧1号苜蓿（Medicago varia Xinmu 1）MvNHX1和MvDREB1基因在盐胁迫下的表达情况。此外,根据已获得的MvDREB1和MvNHX1基因序列设计特异引物,并以新牧1号苜蓿的基因组DNA为模板,克隆得到了这两个基因的启动子。利用生物信息学方法,分析这两个基因启动子的类型和结构,结果表明,MvNHX1和MvDREB1基因的启动子序列中均含有通用启动元件和上游调控元件,如CAAT框、TATA框、光响应元件、低温响应元件等,但部分响应元件的种类和数量不同。通过对两个基因启动子的克隆、分析及比较为进一步研究这两个基因的表达调控机制奠定了基础。