台湾杉木幼树侧枝扦插试验初报

从５年生台湾杉木幼林中选择优良单株，利用树冠中上部枝条进行扦插试验。结果表明：台湾杉木扦插生根与愈伤组织的形成关系不大，属皮部生根型；用不具顶芽的１年生二级侧枝作插穗，穗长８ｃｍ，去除插穗下部２／３的针叶，用１００×１０￣（－６）ＡＢＴ＿１生根粉处理４小时，插于粘性黄心土上效果最好。     

The use of isozyme genetic markers to estimate the rate of outcrossing in a Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) seed orchard in Scotland

Effects of genotype, collection date, auxin treatment, crown position and artificial chilling on rooting and subsequent vegetative growth of Cupressus sempervirens L. softwood cuttings taken from 13-year-old plants were evaluated. Three different clones (318, 296 and 22) previously selected for resistance to cypress cortical cancer caused by Seiridium cardinale were used. In all these clones, both the IBA treated and the untreated cuttings showed seasonal periodicity of rooting. Untreated cuttings rooted best when collected in April (up to 49% for the best clone, i.e. 296) and rooted very poorly in July and October. Auxin treatments appeared unable to overcome this periodicity, as the cuttings taken in July and October did not respond to IBA stimulation. However, in January and April, IBA treatments enhanced adventitious root formation of poorly rooting clones (318 and 22), as well as of clone 296, which performed best (89%) when cuttings were treated in April with 1.5% IBA. Cuttings of each clone collected in the lower third of the crown of the donor trees showed a significantly higher rooting percentage, when compared with those from the upper third. A 4-week post-severance chilling treatment (4°C) significantly enhanced the rooting capacity of cuttings taken in January, while a longer chilling treatment (8 weeks) had a negative effect. The subsequent growth of the rooted cuttings was not affected by either the crown position of the severed cuttings, or the genotype.     

ABT1号生根粉在穗花杉扦插生根试验中的应用

应用ABT1号生根粉对穗花杉1年生枝条插穗按生根粉稀释液的不同浓度、进行不同时间的浸泡处理,随机样方扦插生根试验研究表明:ABT1号生根粉对穗花杉1年生枝条插穗不定根的形成有显著作用,浸泡处理穗花杉1年生枝条扦穗的生根粉稀释液最佳浓度为200×10-6,最理想的浸泡时间为2 h。     

巨尾桉扦插育苗技术研究

采用不同母株年龄的穗条、不同类型的插条、不同基质配比及不同浓度生根剂进行巨尾桉扦插育苗试验。结果表明:巨尾桉插条随母株年龄增大其生根率和生长量下降;嫩枝扦插生根率高、平均根数多、生长快;用珍珠岩和红土等量均匀混合的基质扦插效果好;用质量分数为50×10-6~200×10-6浓度的IBA浸泡2 h,能较大幅度提高扦插成活率。     

木麻黄水培生根能力及遗传变异研究

通过木麻黄不同树种、激素类型、浓度、浸泡时间对木麻黄水培生根影响的试验,认为树种是影响木麻黄水培生根最主要的因素,在参试的因素水平中,以山神木麻黄小枝在60×10-6的奈乙酸溶液中浸泡18h后水培为最佳水平组合。从种源、无性系方面探讨短枝木麻黄水培生根能力的遗传变异规律。结果表明:生根率在种源、无性系水平上均存在极显著差异,而且受强度遗传控制,具有选择改良的潜力。粤1、东山2号、东山1号和东山3号是生根能力较强的无性系。     

杉木组培无根苗瓶外生根试验

运用正交试验设计探讨了基质、愈伤组织和ABT对杉木组培苗生根的影响。结果表明:基质、愈伤组织和ABT对杉木组培苗的生根率产生显著影响,最佳组合为:基质用红心土∶河砂(3∶1)+愈伤组织部分切除+ABT1#300 mg.L-1。     

臭菜扦插技术研究

以野生臭菜的枝条为扦插材料,研究了其的扦插技术。经作插条不同时间的流水浸泡、不同扦插季节及基质、不同插条状况(插条的不同长度、直径、年龄)、不同药剂浸泡插条等的扦插技术处理对臭菜扦插生根率影响的试验研究后,而获得了臭菜扦插的最佳技术方案。该方案为:在春季(2月)选取直径1.0~2.0 cm的2~3年生枝条,去叶后剪成长15~20 cm的插条,经过12 h流水浸泡处理后,再用100 mg/L的ABT1号生根粉浸泡基部12 h,扦插在珍珠岩中,保持其基质的含水率为60%。可以使臭菜插条的生根率达到79.2%。     

毛红椿无性系扦插繁殖试验研究

对毛红椿无性系采穗圃嫩枝进行了扦插繁殖生根试验。结果表明:(1)毛红椿无性系嫩枝扦插生根兼有愈伤组织生根和皮部生根2种生根类型,参试的10个无性系中有8个无性系以皮部生根类型为主(占参试无性系的80%),有2个无性系同时包含2种生根类型;(2)毛红椿根系效果指数以TC01无性系最高,为36.5,毛红椿无性系嫩枝生根能力与生根率之间呈显著的正相关关系;(3)在遮荫降温、农膜保湿及自然温度条件下,以6月、9月和10月上旬毛红椿嫩枝扦插生根率最高。     

核桃试管苗生根培养的研究

以新疆绵核桃为试材,对继代培养无根试管苗的生根进行了研究.结果表明：生根诱导方法、外源IBA水平及IBA处理时间、光周期以及试管苗发育状态等均对不定根发生具有明显影响.选取生长旺盛、节间较长,叶片嫩绿的幼态苗,采用间接诱导生根法,即用50～80 mg/L IBA浸渍处理试管苗基部60～90 min,然后转至不含生长调节物质的1/2 DKW培养基,先黑暗诱导14 d,再在16 h/d光照下培养,可诱导试管苗生根率达60%以上.     

Root distribution ofDactyladenia (Acioa) barteri andSenna (Cassia) siamea in alley cropping on Ultisol. I. Implication for field experimentation

Root observations were carried out on a typic Paleudult in the humid forest zone of south eastern Nigeria in an alley cropping trial usingDactyladenia (Acioa) barteri andSenna (Cassia) siamea as hedgerow trees and the interrow space planted to maize/cassava intercrop. Rooting depth ofD. barteri andS. siamea exceeded 1.6 m. Lateral root propagation ofS. siamea was 15 m, and ofD. barteri was 5 m from the hedgerows. The whole no-tree control plot was within the range of roots of the adjacent hedgerows. Rooting density and depth ofS. siamea in the no-tree control plot was generally higher than of cassava.S. siamea and cassava root density were inversely correlated. Assuming radial symmetry of root propagation, water and nutrients were available from an area 6.1 and 2.3 times larger than the allocated plot size ofS. siamea andD. barteri, respectively. Data obtained in alley cropping trials, not considering lateral root propagation, can be invalidated through exploitation of the no-tree control treatment and nutrient acquisition by hedgerow species from a larger area than allocated, thus underestimating and overestimating the performances of the respective treatments. Possible alternative measures for avoiding root interference are discussed but no good solution can be given.