防治松褐天牛诱木设置密度及胸径大小试验

研究了三种不同规格胸径的诱木在每公顷设置1、3、5和10株诱木的林分内诱集松褐天牛的效果,采用在林内均匀挂设诱捕器作对照,同一面积内设置不同密度和不同胸径的诱木作对比试验,观察记录诱捕器诱捕成虫和诱木诱集幼虫的情况,分析总结了不同密度下的三种胸径诱木的诱集幼虫效果,提出了按胸径5-15cm和每公顷3株的密度设置诱木防治松材线虫病的传媒昆虫松褐天牛效果最佳。     

稻谷散装粮堆储粮害虫两种检测方法效果的比较

应用粮虫陷阱检测器和常规风力扦样器对高大平房仓中的仓虫进行监测,结果袁明,粮虫陷阱检测器比风力扦样器应用简便、省工省力,且能捕到更多种类和数量的害虫.经二者测虫比较,探讨了用粮虫陷阱检测器监测虫情的等级标准.     

3种二化螟防控措施的效果及效益分析

在湘阴试验示范基地对二化螟开展了3种不同防控技术措施的试验,比较分析了二化螟性诱剂、频振式杀虫灯和常规药剂的防治效果及经济效益。结果表明：性诱剂与杀虫灯对该虫的防控效果较好,可持续控制该虫种群的发展,其经济和生态效益明显。     

棉铃虫信息素结合蛋白2 cDNA的克隆、表达与组织特异性表达

 【目的】克隆、分析和原核表达编码棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)信息素结合蛋白HarmPBP2的cDNA,并纯化得到HarmPBP2蛋白。【方法】以棉铃虫触角为材料,通过RT-PCR 技术以获得编码中棉铃虫信息素结合蛋白HarmPBP2 基因成熟蛋白开放阅读框序列,使用半定量RT- PCR对表达谱进行研究,并在使用pGEX-4T-1表达载体在BL21（DE3）系统中进行原核表达,使用GSTrap FF预装柱进行纯化并切去标签。【结果】克隆了命名为HarmPBP2（GenBank登录号：EU647241）的棉铃虫信息素结合蛋白基因,该序列全长457 bp,编码149 个氨基酸残基,前端是一段25个氨基酸长的信号肽,推测蛋白具有昆虫信息素结合蛋白典型的6 个保守的半胱氨酸残基的特征。棉铃虫HarmPBP2在雌雄成虫的触角、足和翅中都有表达,另外在雌虫下颚须也有表达。雌雄组织表达量顺序相同,触角中表达量最高,翅中次之,足中最少。雌虫组织中表达量高于雄虫。构建的原核表达载体pGEX/ HarmPBP2,在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）中成功地表达出一个分子量约为40 kD的融合蛋白,经亲和层析纯化与酶切得到去标签的HarmPBP2蛋白。【结论】克隆、分析和表达了棉铃虫信息素结合蛋白HarmPBP2的cDNA序列,并对其进行纯化,为进一步研究其分子结构和功能奠定了基础,同时对其表达谱进行了研究。     

田间高效诱集二化螟雄蛾的性信息素诱芯的筛选

1浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 浙江 杭州 310058;2浙江省桐庐县农业技术推广中心, 浙江 桐庐 311500;3浙江省嘉兴市农业经济局, 浙江 嘉兴 314000;4温州医学院健康与环境生态研究所, 浙江 温州 325035;5中国科学院 华南植物研究所, 广东 广州 510650     

Palatability of Sarafloxacin HCl-Medicated Feed to Channel Catfish

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the palatability of sarafloxacin HCl to channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Fingerling channel catfish were raised in 110-1 glass aquaria supplied with flowing well water at a rate of 1 l/min. Fish were fed to satiation once daily either a purified or a practical diet formulated to contain 0, 500, 1,000, 2,000, or 4,000 mg active sarafloxin HCl/kg of diet. Feed consumption was quantified daily for 5 days. All fish were weighed at the beginning and at the end of each experiment. There was a significant decrease in feed consumption of fish fed purified diets with increasing levels of sarafloxacin HCl. However, feed consumption was adequate to provide the proposed dosage regardless of drug concentration. Fingerling channel catfish readily consumed practical diets containing sarafloxacin HCl; feed consumption and weight gain of fish fed medicated and non-medicated practical diets did not differ. There were no apparent palatability problems that would negate use of sarafloxacin HCl in commercial channel catfish feeds.     

温棚油桃梨小食心虫消长规律及不同诱捕器诱杀试验

【目的】为不同诱捕器在温棚油桃防治梨小食心虫提供依据。【方法】利用梨小食心虫性诱剂对新疆喀什地区叶城县温棚油桃梨小食心虫进行不同诱捕器(三角型粘胶式诱捕器、矿泉水瓶诱捕器、塑料桶诱捕器)诱捕效果的比较。【结果】温棚油桃梨小食心虫1年发生4代,分别出现在4月中旬、6月上中旬、7月上旬、8月上中旬。【结论】在三种诱捕器中,自制的矿泉水瓶诱捕器最佳,其次为三角型粘胶式诱捕器,塑料桶诱捕器较差,为诱捕器的研制工作提供科学依据。     

The ethics of rodent control

Because western societies generally see animals as objects of moral concern, demands have been made on the way they are treated, e.g. during animal experimentation. In the case of rodent pests, however, inhumane control methods are often applied. This inconsistency in the human-animal relationship requires clarification. This paper analyses the criteria that must be met when judging the use of animals during experiments, and investigates whether these can be applied in rodent control. This is important, because, until now, animal welfare has been less of an issue in pest control: effectiveness, hygiene and cost efficiency have been leading principles. Two options are available to solve the inconsistency: the first is to abandon the criteria used in animal experimentation; the second is to apply these criteria to both animal experimentation and rodent control. This latter option implies that rodent control methods should not lead to intense pain or discomfort, and any discomfort should have a short duration and should allow escaped rodents to lead a natural life. Adherence to this option will, however, require a shift in the design of rodent control methods: effectiveness will no longer be the leading principle. It will have to share its position with animal welfare and humaneness.     

昆虫性信息素人工合成技术研究进展

探索和研究害虫防治的新途径、新技术, 其中利用昆虫激素, 特别是利用昆虫性信息素进行害虫防治的研究正日益受到人们的关注和重视。文中从昆虫性信息素的化学成分、人工合成等方面综述了昆虫性信息素的研究进展, 并介绍几种常用的昆虫性信息素合成方法, 以期为昆虫性信息素的科学研究和最佳合成方法探索提供理论参考。     

桃小食心虫性信息素田间应用技术参数探讨

以晋中地区枣园为例,探索桃小食心虫(Carposina sasakii Matsumura)常规性诱芯和诱捕器田间应用基本参数。结果表明:市场主要的四个厂家的诱芯对桃小食心虫均可有效动态监测;若大量诱捕,D厂家的诱芯诱捕量最大。采用水盆诱捕器时,水盆直径为35～40cm、诱捕间距为20～25m、高度为2.0～2.5m时,诱捕量显著多于其他处理;水盆颜色对桃小食心虫成虫的诱捕量差异不显著。综合考虑经济成本及使用方法便利,建议:水盆直径20～30cm,间距20～25m,监测高度1.5m,大量诱捕尽量高些。