Age and growth of alfonsino Beryx splendens from the Kanto District, central Japan, based on growth increments on otoliths

ABSTRACT:   Age and growth of alfonsino Beryx splendens (Lowe) were studied using counts of presumed daily incremental growth rings on the transverse section of otoliths of fish collected from the Kanto District, central Japan. Microstructural growth increments were observed from the core to the outermost margin of the broadest of approximately 50 branches formed on the surface of an otolith. Of 98 otoliths examined, 46 were readable. The number of increments and fish lengths ranged from 448 (218 mm fork length [FL]) to 3701 (411 mm FL). The ages of these fish were estimated to be 1 year, 2 months and 10 years, 2 months, respectively, assuming that an increment was formed daily. The von Bertalanffy growth equation combined for males and females was expressed as follows: L _t  = 542 {1 −  exp  [−0.133( t  + 2.00)]}, where L _t is fork length (mm) at yearly age t . The results of the present study were compared with those of other researchers who had studied alfonsino from central Japan.     

Personal and family backgrounds of first-year veterinary science students at The University of Queensland

Objective To provide information on changes in the social and educational backgrounds of veterinary students over a 10 year period in an effort to determine the extent to which they are representative of the community.
Methods Questionnaires were completed by first-year veterinary students at The University of Queensland in 1985 and 1986 (152 students), and 1995 and 1996 (154), and the data were analysed using the SAS System for Windows.
Results The gender ratio of first-year veterinary students was 50:50 (male:female) in 1985 and 1986 but 10 years later it had changed to 38:62. In 1985 and 1986 77% had come directly from school, with 43% of the total coming from government schools, 17% from Catholic schools and 34% from other private (Independent) schools. A decade later the percentage coming directly from school had decreased to 40%, that from Independent schools increased to 45% and that from cities increased from 53% to 64%. The educational backgrounds of parents varied widely though a high percentage had university degrees; mothers had received less formal education than fathers, and the educational attainments of both parents were higher at the beginning than at the end of the study. More than half (57% initially; 67% 10 years later) the fathers were in professional or managerial occupations, and a similar number (50% initially; 48% 10 years later) of mothers were teachers, nurses or clerks. The number of males from country areas decreased from 26 to 16 over this period.
Conclusion These veterinary students differed from the community generally in that progressively more were female, more were from Independent schools, their parents had more formal education and more of their parents were in professional, managerial or clerical occupations.     

Growth-related changes in the pulmonary function of goats

Growth-related changes in pulmonary function values were investigated in 20 healthy French Alpine goats, aged between 20 and 550 days, weighing 7–55 kg. Pulmonary ventilation, mechanics of breathing and arterial oxyten tension were measured using standardized techniques and methods adapted for goats of different body sizes. The Ppl values and the tI/tTOT ratio showed no significant changes with age and body size. The ventilation values (Vt, Ve, mVI and mVE) increased linearly with growth. There was a significant correlation of age and body weight with dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn), total pulmonary resistance (RL), viscous work of breathing (Wvis tot) and minute viscous work (Wvis min) throughout the age range studied. Cdyn, Wvis tot and Wvis min increased and RL decreased with age and body weight. Arterial blood gases (PaO₂ and PaCO₂) did not show significant changes over the age range studied. Regression equations for each pulmonary function parameter are given with body weight as the independent variable. Data for the mechanics of breathing were compared with those elsewhere for cattle, horses, man and dogs.     

伊犁马体尺年龄对其竞赛性能影响的研究

对伊梨马体尺、年龄与不同赛程成绩关系的研究表明:体高对各赛程影响极显著(P<0.01),但随赛程增长,影响逐渐减弱;胸围和管 围对各赛程影响显著(P<0.05);年龄对长赛程影响显著(P<0.05)。     

Influence of physiological ageing of seed potatoes on yield and earliness

Summary Ageing seed potatoes at ambient temperatures after long storage (26 weeks) at 2 °C affected rate of plant emergence and yields of three potato cultivars in Cyprus. Sprout growth at ambient increased until planting, and was bigger in cv. Spunta than in cv. Arran Banner and cv. Cara. Four weeks after planting the rate of emergence was higher in physiologically younger seed; total emergence was not affected but average yields were reduced by ageing. Early yields were less affected but final yields were significantly reduced by ageing; these effects were moro pronounced in Spunta and Arran Banner, early and medium maturity cultivars respectively than in Cara, a late maturity cultivar. Ageing of seed at ambient temperature was rapid and removing seed to ambient for more than 3 weeks before planting to save storage costs adversely affected final yields.

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Zusammenfassung Eine nach verl?ngerter Lagerung bei 2 °C erfolgte Alterung der Saatkartoffeln bis zu 9 Wochen in der Umgebungstemperatur beeinflusste bei den Sorten Arran Banner, Spunta und Cara das Auflaufen der Pflanzen und die Ertr?ge. Das Keimwachstum wurde nach überführung aus dem Kaltlager in die Umgebungstemperatur bis zum Auspflanzen nicht unterbrochen; die Keime von Spunta waren l?nger als diejenigen von Arran Banner und Cara (Abb. 1). Bei physiologisch ?lterem Saatgut liefen die Pflanzen schneller auf als bei jüngerem (Tab. 1). Fünf Wochen nach dem Auspflanzen war die Auflaufrate in allen Behandlungen ?hnlich und gr?sser als 80 % (Tab. 1). Drei Wochen nach dem Auspflanzen war die Auflaufrate der Pflanzen durch die Alterung erh?ht. Die Zwischen- und Endertr?ge wurden durch die Alterung signifikant beeinflusst Saatgut, das l?nger als 3 Wochen in der Umgebungstemperatur gehalten wurde, erbrachte geringere Zwischen- und Endertr?ge. Die Frühertr?ge wurden durch die Alterungsbehandlungen weniger beeinflusst (Tabellen 2, 3 und 4). Die Saatkartoffeln alterten schneller nach überführung in die Umgebungstemperatur und ein Verbleiben des Saatgutes in der Umgebungstemperatur für mehr als 3 Wochen führt zu geringeren Ertr?gen. Wenn auch der Alterungsprozess w?hrend der Kaltlagerung fortschreitet, ist eine Verl?ngerung der Kaltlagerzeit wünschenswert, um dann das Saatgut in die Umgebungstemperatur zu übertragen und dadurch Lagerkosten zu sparen.

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Résumé Le vieillissement physiologique de plants de pomme de terre obtenu par la conservation à la température ambiante pendant des durées de 0 à 9 semaines après un maintien prolongé à 2 °C, affecte la levée et le rendement des variétés Arran Banner, Spunta et Cara. Après que les tubercules aient été sortis de chambre froide, la croissance des germes se poursuit jusqu'à la plantation. Les germes de Spunta sont plus longs que ceux d'Arran Banner et de Cara (fig. 1). La levée des plants est plus rapide chez ceux physiologiquement vieux que chez ceux physiologiquement jeunes (tableau 1). Cinq semaines après la plantation, le taux de levée est identique dans tous les traitements et dépasse 80% (tableau 1). La levée des plants trois semaines après la plantation est accrue par le vieillissement. Les rendements intermédiaires et finaux sont significativement affectés par le vieillissement. Les plants placés pendant plus de 3 semaines à température ambiante donnent de plus faibles rendements intermédiaires et finaux. La précocité des rendements est moins affectée par les traitements de vieillissement (tableaux 2, 3 et 4). Les plants vieillissent plus rapidement à la température ambiante et ceux conservés plus de trois semaines dans ces conditions donnent une réduction de rendement. Toutefois, le processus de vieillissement se poursuit également durant la période de conservation au froid aussi l'extension de la durée de cette période est préférable à cette de la mise à température ambiante lorsqu'elle est réalisée dans un but d'économie.

     

网络时代高等职业技术学院图书馆的信息服务策略

阐述了高等职业技术学院图书馆开展信息服务的突出特色策略、委托外包策略、人才培养策略、依靠读者策略和成果积累策略。     

马尾松净光合速率初步研究

本文研究了马尾松一年生苗的鳞叶及幼树１、２年生针叶的月龄与净光合速率的变化规律；马尾松天然更新树团的生境，生产结构，净光合速率及净生产力的变化。进一步论述了马尾松的光合生态特性，并据此对马尾松育苗，培育过程中抚育管理措施制订及实施的最佳时段进行了论证。     

毛竹笋用林合理竹龄结构及其笋期生长规律

通过多年不同毛竹林分观测分析,提出2度竹的比例在一定范围内影响着笋用林的产量。分析丽水市郊山地笋用林盛期出现的时间及其发生规律,认为笋用林笋期生长规律和气象因子关系密切,丽水市郊的山地笋用林通常是在3月下旬至4月上旬为出笋盛期。对刚露箨叶至出土后10天的笋个体分析表明,对单支笋重的影响长度比笋径大,留笋时间的长短对产量有决定性影响,但从营养成分、加工适性等方面考虑,以笋刚出土时挖掘为最适时期,此时,笋长与笋径相关极显著。     

重庆缙云山慈竹种群年龄的初步研究

慈竹(Neosinocalamus affinis)系四川分布面积最大和用途最广的合轴型竹种。作者在重庆缙云山慈竹种群年龄研究过程中,发现慈竹种群之无性系个体的年龄与其个体生物量和各器官生物量相关密切,其器官数量也呈显著相关;慈竹秆的形态学特征与其个体的年龄,地下茎和地上茎(秆)的分枝级数与其年龄均呈直线相关。地下茎分枝级数(RSB_x)与其年龄(A_(rs))的回归模型:A_(rs)=(RSB_x_(max) 1)-RSB_x,相关系数Υ_(rs)=-1.0000,O_(x-1)=0;秆分枝级数(CB_x)与其年龄(A_c)之相关模型为A_c=CB_x,相关系数Υ_c=1.0000(一年生个体除外),O_(x-1)=0。     

The Weighted Ideal Point Method and Its Application in Forest Harvest Regulation

本文通过对理想点法进行分析，认为该法取不同的ｐ值代表决策者对不同目标的偏爱程度；但ｐ值过大模型求解比较困难，故实际应用时ｐ值取较大的值并不现实．为进一步突出决策人对不同目标的偏爱程度，作者对理想点法进行改进，引进了各目标的权重，提出了加权理想点法．与前者比较，它进一步突出了不同目标对决策结果的影响，使决策结果更符合决策者的愿望，便于在生产中实施．通过用该法对山西省千秋沟林场某经营类型进行收获调整，表明用该法进行森林收获调整，到调整期末龄级结构基本达到完全调整林状态，且可将决策者对不同目标的要求落实到合理水平上．