接种功能内生细菌降低作物体内POPs污染

如何有效地去除污染区农作物体内持久性有机污染物(POPs),以规避作物POPs污染风险、保障农产品安全,实现污染土壤的资源化利用备受国际关注。植物体内含有内生细菌(EB),其数量和种类丰富,且能重新定殖在目标植物组织的间隙或细胞内部,促进植物生长、提高植物抗逆性,甚至减少植物体内POPs含量。能否利用植物-功能EB的微生态系统,从污染区植物体内获得具有POPs降解特性的功能EB,并将其重新定殖在目标农作物中,进而降低作物体内POPs含量、规避作物污染风险?本文综述了农业生态系统中作物体内POPs的污染现状及植物对POPs的吸收调控作用,系统地评估了具有POPs降解特性的功能EB在目标植物体内的定殖、传导及效能,阐释了功能EB调控植物体内POPs污染的作用机理,展望了功能EB定殖在作物体内调控其POPs污染的优点及仍需解决的技术问题,旨在为利用植物-功能EB的微生态系统规避作物体内POPs污染风险、保障农产品安全和人群健康提供新思路和途径。     

多囊卵巢综合征与PI3K/Akt信号通路的关系

多囊卵巢综合症(PCOS)是女性常见的生殖功能障碍性疾病,主要表现为卵巢的雄激素过多及排卵障碍,是引起女性不排卵性不孕的主要原因。PCOS患者主要表现为胰岛素抵抗和高胰岛素血症,而PI3K/Akt信号通路是胰岛素发挥生理作用的主要信号通路,并且Akt的下游底物GSK-3是糖原合成的主要调控因子,本文就PI3K/Akt与胰岛素抵抗的关系做一综述,并对PCOS的治疗进行了展望。     

Pseudomonas for biological control of dutch elm disease. I. Labeling,detection and identification of pseudomonas isolates injected into elms; comparison of various methods

To understand the mechanisms involved in biological control of Dutch elm disease byPseudomonas, data were needed on the distribution of the introduced bacteria within elm and on the development of the bacterial population over a period of time.As traditional biochemical identification techniques are not suitable for distinguishment between individualPseudomonas isolates, three alternative approaches were compared.

广西饲草养牛奶肉役力成绩回顾及展望

本文论述喂饲草、秸秆或其他残渣时黄牛、水牛的奶肉役力成绩。作者认为，本生产方式是发展广西养牛的一条有效途径，并介绍了适合广西环境条件栽培的国外优良牧草，如象草、银合欢等的特性及饲草价值。     

Movement of aphid-transmitted Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (ScYLV) within and between sugarcane plants

Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (ScYLV) is distributed worldwide and has been shown to be the cause of the disease sugarcane yellow leaf syndrome (YLS). This study was an investigation of the transmission and spread of ScYLV in Hawaii. Several aphids are known to transmit the virus, but investigation of infestation and transmission efficiency showed Melanaphis sacchari to be the only vector important for field spread of the disease. The initial multiplication of ScYLV in a virus-free plant occurred exclusively in very young sink tissues. When a single leaf was inoculated on a plant, that leaf and all older leaves remained virus-free, based on tissue-blot immunoassay, whereas meristems and all subsequently formed new leaves became infected. Therefore, only after those leaves which had already developed before inoculation had been shed, did the complete plant contain ScYLV. Spread of the viral infection to neighbouring plants in the plantation fields via aphids was relatively slow and in the range of a few metres per year. No indication of long-distance transfer could be seen. This indicates that it may be possible to produce and use virus-free seed cane for planting of high-yielding but YLS-susceptible cultivars.