蜂蜜罐头中核桃仁褐变问题初探

通过褐变实验和护色试验表明 ,蜂蜜罐头中核桃仁的褐变是由于蜂蜜与核桃仁中的单宁物质作用的结果 ,属于非酶褐变。去掉核桃仁的皮 ,就可解决核桃仁的褐变问题。     

草坪褐斑病的发生与防治

阐述了草坪褐斑病的症状、病原、发病规律及防治方法     

Marine fat fed to young calves. I. Content and distribution of fatty acids in ingested and excreted fat

Fish oils hydrogenated to melting points of 31–33 or 38–40°C were examined as fat sources in milk replacers, soya lecithin being used as an emulsifying agent. Analyses performed on gas and thin layer chromatography showed a total fatty acid content of 68.2 % in the lesser hydrogenated and 58.7 % in the more hydrogenated fat. As much as 89 % of the total fatty acids were found in the triglyceride fraction of the former, and 75 % in the latter.Diglycerides and cholesterol were measured together. Although 11 % of the total fatty acids was found in this fraction in the more hydrogenated fat, diglycerides and cholesterol were completely absent in the lesser hydrogenated fat.Eight different samples of faeces originating from a balance experiment with calves were extracted by a modified Folch method and also by the Stoldt method. Both methods yielded similar total lipid contents, but the Folch method gave a considerably higher yield of fatty acids, particularly the longer chained ones.     

Sea bream culture in Egypt; status, constraints and potential

Marine fish farming in Egypt began in 1976 with the culture of gilthead sea bream, (Sparus aurata) as this fish was notably adaptable to brackish and marine pond conditions. Today, marine fish and shrimp farms amount to about 19,000 ha, out of which 42% is already in production while the rest, i.e., 58% is still under construction. In 1997, cultured gilthead sea bream production of 2,250 tons made up 3% of the 75,000 tons total aquaculture catch. In polyculture, usually with the grey mullet and sea bass, gilthead sea bream contributed 440 kg ha^–1 to the total yield of 1,700 kg ha^–1 (26%) over a period of 16 months. For the same period, the yield of monoculture ponds averaged 100 kg ha^–1, while in marine cages, yields ranged from 4–10 kg m³. In 1996–1997, fry of 0.25–1 g and fingerlings 1–10 g with a total of 3 million, were collected from the wild and 1 million fry were produced in the three marine hatcheries out of the four existing ones. The development of sea bream culture in Egypt is now severely inhibited by the shortage of seeds and adequate feeds. Exports of both sea bream and sea bass, during 1994–1996 averaged 1,300 tons per year.     

小麦玉米轮作区不同用药方式防治灰飞虱及玉米粗缩病的研究

通过小麦用药、小麦和玉米均用药、玉米用药 3种不同用药方式防治灰飞虱和玉米粗缩病的试验 (各用药方式之间差异达极显著水平 )表明 ,在小麦玉米轮作区 ,小麦和玉米田均用药是最佳的防治措施。     

能量浓度对高峰期褐壳蛋鸡赖氨酸需要量影响的研究

选用25周龄产蛋高峰期北京红鸡576只,研究了日粮不同代谢能水平赖氨酸需要量的影响。2个基础日粮代谢能水平分别为：11．09和11．51MJ.kg^-1,6个处理的可消化赖氨酸水平分别为：0．57％,0．64％,0．71％（ME＝11．09MJ．kg^-1);0.59%,0.66%,0.73%(ME=11.51MJ.kg^-1)。试验为期17周,结果表明,产蛋高峰期北京红鸡日粮适宜代谢能浓度为11．09MJ.kg^-1,可消化赖氨酸与代谢能适宜比值为0．57－0．58g.MJ^-1,或表示为适宜供给量834－856mg.只^-1.d^1可消化赖氨酸。     

新疆褐牛犊牛补饲试验效果分析

[目的]为探讨新疆褐牛犊牛补饲对其生长发育以及经济效益的影响,[方法]试验选取新疆褐牛犊牛20头,分为试验组和对照组,试验组犊牛在哺乳的基础上补饲精料,4月龄断奶,对照组分阶段饲喂,6月龄断奶。同时测定4月龄、6月龄的体高、体斜长、胸围、管围、体重并计算日增重和经济效益。[结果]结果表明,与对照组相比,4月龄试验组在体高、体斜长有着明显的提高,6月龄试验组在体斜长、胸围、管围、体重和日增重也有着明显的提高,但均为达到显著水平(P0.05)。经济效益分析结果表明,通过犊牛早期补饲可明显提高农牧民收入,节约饲养成本,相比传统饲喂方式每头犊牛饲养至6月龄可节约成本342元。[结论]综上,早期补饲对可提高新疆褐牛犊牛的生长性能,对改善养殖经济效益,提高经济收入有着显著的效果。     

添加NSP酶对早籼稻谷及其糙米体外消化的影响

早籼稻谷及其糙米体外消化试验结果揭示,添加非淀粉多糖（NSP）复合酶制剂使早籼稻谷干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗纤维的体外消化率分别提高了16.29%、9.10%、 10.11% 和 92.07%, 使糙米中上述营养物质的体外消化率分别提高了27.46%、26.41%、 20.67% 和 7.16%,达极显著水平;使早籼稻谷和糙米中各种氨基酸体外消化率显著提高,幅度分别为9.48%~40.79%和7.93%~41.74% 。添加NSP复合酶制剂使早籼稻谷和糙米体外消化过滤液中葡萄糖含量分别增加了69.39%和88.51%,总氨基酸含量分别增加了11.52% 和11.83%。