曲杆梁格内力影响面的机动分析有限元法

以米勒-布雷斯劳原理为基础,运用小变形的叠加原理,将曲杆梁格机动分析与有限元静力分析相结合,建立了曲杆梁格内力影响面分析的机动分析有限元法,该方法把内力影响面分析归结为求解在一个等效结点荷载作用下的梁格位移场,并推导了计入横向剪切变形影响的十二自由度空间曲梁单元等效结点荷载计算公式.该方法概念简洁清晰,与静力法及直接求解位移的机动法相比,计算效率大为提高.算例表明了本文理论和所推导公式的正确性.     

火炬松人工林养分体内转移与内循环研究

对江苏省下蜀林场火炬松人工林 (15年生 )地上部分养分体内转移和内循环特点进行了初步研究 ,结果表明 :(1)在体内养分转移中 ,叶的贡献最大 ,N、P、K和Mg元素的平均转移量均大于枝和干 ;地上部分养分N、P、K和Mg元素的转移率分别为 44 9% ,34 5 % ,2 0 8%和 30 7%。 (2 )地上部分养分归还量N、P、K、Ca和Mg元素分别 5 5 787,6 13,2 6 70 ,70 79和 2 0 30kg·hm- 2 ·a- 1 分别占需要量的 36 6 7% ,44 6 5 % 5 5 3% ,78 0 2 %和 42 84% ;地上实际消耗土壤中的养分量N、P、K、Ca和Mg分别为 2 2 48,2 13,4 6 4,2 6 98和 7 41kg·hm- 2 ·a- 1 ,分别占吸收量的 2 3 99% ,2 2 76 % ,11 84% ,2 4 32 %和 2 1 0 9%。 (3)与当地的杉木林和次生栎林相比 ,该火炬松人工林养分利用率高 ,并处于养分消耗阶段。     

永嘉早香柚授粉及保水措施试验

为探索永嘉早香柚的低产原因和降低内裂果措施。进行了授粉和保水措施试验，结果表明，通过授粉能有效提高永嘉早香柚的座果率；授粉配合保水措施能有效降低永嘉早香柚的内裂果和裂瓣率。     

Cost minimization through the use of taungya system in pulpwood plantation establishment

The costs and benefits of the use of three labour alternatives: direct permanent, direct casual and taungya labour in Gmelina arborea pulpwood plantation establishment in Nigeria were investigated. Results show that cost per hectare is lowest with taungya labour and highest with permanent labour with savings in cost of as much as 30% and 47% by taungya labour over casual and permanent labour respectively. The net present value per hectare of investment is highest when taungya labour is used and lowest and negative with permanent labour. Also, the internal rate of return of investment is highest with taungya labour and lowest with permanent labour. The net present values and internal rates of return for Gmelina plantations calculated for the three pulp and paper mills in Nigeria show the same trend in favour of taungya labour.     

Comparative digestibility of low‐quality grass hay by two breeds of cattle differing in mature live weight

The digestive capacity of the Portuguese native breed of Barrosão cattle and the Holstein–Friesian breed was measured when fed meadow hay (72–74 g CP and 641–671 g NDF/kg dry matter), offered either alone or supplemented with soya bean meal (150 g/kg dry matter), at maintenance level. Four mature cows of each breed were used. Average initial live weight (LW) was 457 and 635 kg for the Barrosão and the Holstein–Friesian cows respectively. The organic matter digestibility (OMD) of the meadow hay was higher in Holstein–Friesian than in Barrosão cows (p < 0.08) whether supplemented or not. The neutral detergent fibre digestibility of the hay was also higher in Holstein–Frisian when the hay was fed alone (p < 0.08). The soya bean meal supplementation increased the OMD and the NDFD digestibility of the total diet (p < 0.05), but not the OMD digestibility of the hay (p > 0.05). The results obtained in this study suggest a higher ability to digest fibre in the large dairy breed than in the small native breed. This suggestion is also supported by previous findings with sheep breeds largely differing in mature live weight.     

一例金毛犬胫骨斜骨折的髓内针逆向插入法联合钢丝内固定术治疗

通过对一例金毛犬胫骨斜骨折进行内固定术,详细介绍了髓内针逆向插法联合钢丝进行内固定术的手术要点,为同行进行犬胫骨斜骨折内固定术治疗提供参考。     

科学事业单位内控制度探究

随着社会的进步和发展,在科学事业单位实施内部控制已成为必然趋势。该文从内部控制的概念出发,通过对内部控制在我国的发展、科学事业单位的情况、对内部控制的常见误区等3个方面的背景分析,引出科学事业单位内部控制在具体实施中存在的5点问题,并结合具体情况提出相应的对策建议。     

农业科研单位内部控制管理探讨

根据内部控制的定义、目标、特点及原则,结合农业科研单位的实际情况,论述其内部控制在制度、管理方面存在的主要问题,提出相应的解决措施,为确保农业科研单位内部控制管理的有效实施提供参考。     

会计内控制度在我国企业的应用和改进

随着科技、经济的不断发展,企业中存在的会计内控制度面临了许多新的挑战和机遇。从会计内控制度在企业中的应用作为出发点,详细分析在企业会计内控制度中存在的问题,并提出适当的改进措施。     

关于土的黏聚力和内摩擦角值的领悟和理解

在岩土工程设计中,抗剪强度参数c、φ值是必不可少的两个指标,比如在边坡支护及稳定性分析、基坑支护,甚至在分析黏性土的承载力特征值时都可以用来作为一个重要的参考指标。本文认为内摩擦角φ的正切值（tgφ）等效于物理学中的摩擦系数μ。基于此,浅谈一下对c、φ值的理解。