基于GIS的森林分布图的制图综合

利用森林资源调查成果所形成的大量林业专题属性数据和图形数据，采用GIS技术，根据制图综合理论编绘森林分布图，是一种加快调查成果处理的有效手段．以利用GIS软件制作湖南省宜章县森林资源“二类调查”的森林分布图为例，对制图综合理论和森林分布图编制原理进行了阐述，对使用ViewGis3．0编制森林分布图进行了实践，并详细介绍了在ViewGis3.0中进行森林分布图编制的方法和步骤，提出了操作中异常问题的解决方法，总结出利用GIS进行制图综合的优势.     

6种国家基本比例尺地形图新、旧图幅号的直接换算方法

在解决1：1万地形图新、旧图幅号的手工换算方法基础上,研究了我国其余6种国家基本比例尺（1：50万～1：5000）地形图直接利用其图幅号进行新、旧图幅号间的相互换算问题,给出各比例尺地形图新、旧图幅号间直接换算的方法与关系式,并用实例进行了验算。     

城镇化背景下中小流域洪水风险研究——以厦门市东西溪流域为例

[目的]以厦门市东西溪流域为例,对城镇化背景下中小流域洪水风险进行评价和研究,为该区有效实施防洪减灾措施提供参考依据。[方法]以GIS空间分析作支持,将暴雨洪水频率分析与平原区洪水淹没模拟计算相结合,基于MIKE21平面二维水动力学模型进行洪水风险分析,对研究区洪水风险程度以及淹没状况进行模拟计算。[结果]绘制出厦门市东西溪流域动态洪水风险图,并根据洪水淹没区内的土地利用等因素的变化等实际情况,调整不同频率洪水淹没范围,实现东西溪流域洪水风险图的实时动态更新。[结论]研究区洪灾风险主要分布在东溪、西溪、汀溪等主干流河段,总体上呈现随着洪水重现期增大,灾害风险由上游向下游,由近岸向远岸不断扩大的趋势。     

面向公众的智能网络电子地图服务

介绍了网络电子地图的设计流程,包括前台搜索引擎网站,后台的地图管理平台和二级管理平台,重点强调了该电子地图实现的新功能,并在此基础之上分析了实现智能化电子地图的关键技术以及基本功能,最后对智能化网络电子地图进行了总结和展望。     

Relationship between urban green spaces and other features of urban morphology with traffic noise distribution

The effect of greenery on traffic noise mitigation has been extensively studied on the level of single plants, green walls, berms and hedges, but not considering whole sample areas within the cities. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between features of urban morphology related to green spaces, roads or buildings and traffic noise distribution in urban areas. The analysis was applied in eight UK cities with different historical and architectural background, following two different settlement forms (radial, linear). In each city a 30 km² grid was defined and three different levels of approach were considered (macro-scale, meso-scale, micro-scale). The first level regarded the eight cities as single entities, while in the second one every single tile of the applied grid was investigated in two different cities. In the third level only the eight city centres were analyzed. Statistical analysis was used combined with GIS tools. In total 18 variables were constructed and tested for possible relationships with noise levels (L_den). It was found that in spite of the fact that each city has its own dynamic and form, features of urban morphology were related to traffic noise levels to a different extent at each scale. At the macro-scale, the green space pattern was related to the structure of the city as well as the traffic noise levels in combination with the rest of the morphological parameters. At the meso-scale, an increase in internal road connectivity contributed to higher traffic noise. Green space variables explained part of the variance in traffic prediction models. Finally, at the micro-scale, it was also proved that different areas can have the same building coverage but different noise levels. Therefore, these indexes could be profiled and used as an “a priori” tool for urban sound planning.     

一个水稻“斑马叶”叶色突变体基因zebraleaf2(zl2)的图位克隆

 从粳稻品种Asominori组培后代中获得一个稳定遗传的黄绿相间叶色突变体（zebra leaf 2, zl2）。该突变体在苗期表现为黄绿相间的斑马状,分蘖后期斑马叶性状逐渐减弱,到抽穗期叶片逐渐变为淡黄色。与野生型相比,zl2 在3叶期、分蘖盛期、抽穗期及成熟期叶片的叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量显著降低,成熟后其结实率、千粒重、株高也显著下降。电镜观察结果显示,苗期zl2叶片黄色部分叶肉细胞中叶绿体显微结构发生了明显的异常,而绿色部分与野生型基本一致。遗传分析结果表明,zl2突变性状受一对隐性核基因控制。从zl2与籼稻品种南京11衍生的F2群体中挑选1607株表现为突变性状的分离单株,最终将该突变基因定位于第11染色体约164.3 kb的区域内。基因预测表明该区域内存在13个ORFs,其中ORF12编码一个类胡萝卜素异构酶,序列分析表明突变体中的该基因第10个内含子与第11外显子的交界处碱基A突变为T,导致cDNA发生错误剪切,缺失4个碱基,产生移码突变,并于第395个氨基酸处提前终止。RT PCR分析表明,相对野生型在突变体中ZL2的表达量显著下降,同时叶色相关基因PORA、RbcL、RbcS、 Cab1、Cab2、 psaA、psbA、OsDVR表达量也显著下降,而HEMA1、YGL1、V1、V2、SPP、OsPPR的表达量显著上升。结果表明ZL2在水稻叶绿素合成及叶绿体发育中起着重要作用。     

玉米CMS–C型雄性不育系C543恢复基因的初定位

以玉米恢复系614、B137分别与CMS–C型雄性不育系C543组配的F2代(614群体和B317群体)为试材,进行花粉育性鉴定和遗传分析。花粉育性镜检发现,C543花药内没有花粉,属于无花粉型雄性不育;遗传分析表明,C543的不育性状由1对隐性核基因控制,恢复系614和B137各有1对核恢复基因;SSR标记连锁分析结果将恢复基因定位在玉米8号染色体短臂上,位于标记umc1483附近,两者距离约16.9 c M。     

Mapping genes for double podding and other morphological traits in chickpea

Seed traits are important considerations for improving yield and product quality of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). The purpose of this study was to construct an intraspecific genetic linkage map and determine map positions of genes that confer double podding and seed traits using a population of 76 F₁₀ derived recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from the cross of ‘ICCV-2’ (large seeds and single pods) × ‘JG-62’ (small seeds and double podded). We used 55 sequence-tagged microsatellite sites (STMS), 20 random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), 3inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and 2 phenotypic markers to develop a genetic map that comprised 14 linkage groups covering297.5 cM. The gene for double podding (s) was mapped to linkage group 6 and linked to Tr44 and Tr35 at a distance of7.8 cM and 11.5 cM, respectively. The major gene for pigmentation, C, was mapped to linkage group 8 and was loosely linked to Tr33 at a distance of 13.5 cM. Four QTLs for 100 seed weight (located on LG4 and LG9), seed number plant^-1 (LG4), days to 50% flower (LG3) were identified. This intraspecific map of cultivated chickpea is the first that includes genes for important morphological traits. Synteny relationships among STMS markers appeared to be conserved on six linkage groups when our map was compared to the interspecific map presented by Winter et al. (2000). This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

呼伦贝尔市2013年7月14-16日暴雨天气分析

利用常规气象资料和红外云图资料,对2013年7月14—16日呼伦贝尔市一次暴雨天气过程进行成因分析、,结果表明：此次降水的环流形势为典型的副热带高压与西风槽相互作用的暴雨天气形势．系统垂直发展旺盛且坡度陡直,使得中低层影响系统始终处于上升运动区：地面气旋的辐合作用和辐合线的抬升作用是这次暴雨产生的触发机制;中低空急流的耦合配置为对流发展创造了有利条件,同时低空急流为这次暴雨天气提供了源源不断的水汽输送：南北长达数千公里带状云系上的对流云团强盛发展与暴雨落区时应很好、