采棉机跨区作业导航电子地图的制作

为了使采棉机跨区作业管理中的监控定位更为准确,采用Alos和TM遥感影像、商用电子地图为基本材料,通过对Alos影像进行矢量化并结合外业调查得到作业区域的交通、田块、POI等空间信息图层。同时对TM遥感影像进行监督分类,识别出棉花地块以及面积等信息,在MapInfo桌面GIS软件中对其进行整合得到作业区地图,再与商用电子地图进行图层叠加处理,最后制得高精度、要素丰富、适用于采棉机作业过程中导航定位的电子地图。该采棉机跨区作业导航电子地图使采棉机跨区作业过程中的监控定位更加准确,管理更加有效,既能适应大区域的调度,也能做小范围的作业定位和监控。因此,该采棉机跨区作业导航电子地图的制作方法为制作农业生产应用电子地图提供了技术手段。     

曲柄摇杆式移栽机的研制

针对目前棉花、烟叶移栽机存在的问题,同时结合南阳地区移栽种植的特点,自主研发出一款半机械化曲柄摇杆式移栽机构。该机在人工投苗情况下可以一次性完成挖穴、栽苗、浇水、覆土等工作,并可与目前保有量最高的小四轮拖拉机配套动力。不会增加农民太多经济负担。该机可大幅提高生产效率,省时省工,节资有市场前景。     

基于混沌和AES算法的数字图书馆数据加密方案

提出的加密方案是AES算法在数字图书馆中的应用和改进。改进的新算法采用Logistic映射初值作为种子密钥生成混沌序列,对该序列进行域值量化得到二进制密钥流,对其分组作为AES算法的初始密钥,实现了一次一密;通过用动态密码对明文修补,实现密文与明文的长度相同;通过减少加密轮次,降低其时间复杂度,从而使其在数字图书馆数据加密系统中的应用可行。计算机仿真结果验证了该算法的正确性以及密文对密钥的高度敏感性。     

LDSO: a program to simulate pedigrees and molecular information under various evolutionary forces

Simulations are a major tool to evaluate new statistical methods and optimize experimental designs in the genomic era. However, this can only be achieved when the simulations are close enough to reality, as well as diverse enough to be realistic. For mapping studies, it is thus critical to re-create as much as possible the forces generating linkage (mutation, random drift, changes in population sizes, selection and pedigree structure) and the mechanisms producing trait genetic architecture (additivity, dominance, epistasis). We present here a computer program (ldso) simulating these phenomena. Optional outputs provide statistics on the linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure and the identity by descent between chromosomal segments, facilitating further data analyses. Furthermore, ldso enables the simulation of genomic data in known pedigrees, which sticks as precisely as possible to recent population history and structures of the long-range LD, allowing optimization of fine-mapping strategies.     

白菜型油菜和菜薹的InDel 标记开发及其RILs群体遗传连锁图谱的构建

 通过白菜型油菜‘R-O-18’和菜薹‘L58’的基因组重测序数据与白菜基因组的参考序列（‘Chiifu-401-42’的基因组序列）的比对,在全基因组范围内检测到了18 479 个短插入缺失变异位点（≤5 bp）。从中挑选了500 个插入/缺失片段为4 ~ 5 bp 的InDel 变异位点,将其设计成InDel 分子标记并进行试验验证,结果有452 个标记通过PCR 扩增出单一条带,但仅有106 个在‘R-O-18’和‘L58’间表现出多态性,346 个没有多态性,48 个在PCR 中没有扩增。亲本间具有多态性的106 个InDel 标记可用来检测以‘R-O-18’和‘L58’为亲本构建的RILs 基因型,并构建了一张包含99 个标记的遗传连锁图谱。     

瓜类遗传连锁图谱构建的研究现状及比较分析

 截至目前,西瓜、黄瓜及甜瓜的全基因组测序工作已经基本完成,利用高密度饱和遗传连锁图谱将基因组序列锚定到染色体的具体位置并确定其在染色体上的方向,这为进一步开展基因组分析研究奠定了基础。本文中综述了瓜类遗传连锁图谱构建的研究现状并对遗传连锁图谱进行了比较分析。     

木工宽带砂光机噪声传播声压等值线图制作方法新探

为了提高现场测试的效率和数据的准确度,该文提出了一种基于噪声衰减原理而建立虚拟噪声源的方法.利用该方法,可以根据有限的实际测量数据,对实际测点周边的噪声值进行预测计算,绘制噪声传播线图,过程简便,结果一目了然.通过该方法计算的预测噪声值与实际值进行比较,验证了该方法的精度和可行性,比较客观地反映了区域噪声污染现状和噪声污染在区域内的变化情况,为砂光机等多噪声源的现场环境噪声测试提供了新方法     

Converting restriction fragment length polymorphism to single‐strand conformation polymorphism markers and its application in the fine mapping of a trichome gene in cotton

A well‐characterized and systematically organized collection of genetic markers is crucial in the study of any crop species. It is the basis of map‐based gene cloning and crop improvements through marker‐assisted selections. Single‐strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) has been a robust way of discovering new polymorphisms in marker development without the requirement of sequencing. Here, we report the first approach of applying SSCP marker discovery methods in the genetic map construction and gene mapping of cotton species. A total of 80 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were selected from a region on published cotton genetic maps around the T1 gene related to cotton trichome. Among the 80 RFLPs, 28 showed polymorphisms through SSCP, showing a polymorphic rate of approximately 35%, which is much higher than that of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in the same region (7.8%). By integrating these newly generated SSCP markers, a detailed genetic map was reconstructed around this region using an F₂ population derived from a cross between Gossypium arboreum and G. herboceum. The reconstructed region comprises 22 SSCP markers, eight SSR markers and the T1 gene, spanning 21.6 cM. The marker order of the new map agrees well with published reference RFLP maps. The above results suggest that SSCP method can be applied very efficiently and reliably to the marker development of cotton genomes. It will prove to be even more valuable and robust after the public release of cotton whole‐genome sequences.     

Genetic linkage between male sterility and non‐spiny trait in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Genetic male sterility (GMS) exists naturally in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). In the existing safflower GMS lines, sterile and fertile plants are distinguishable at flowering. This causes delay in fertile plants rouging and reduction in hybrid purity. In this investigation, a cross between a spiny GMS parent 13‐137 and a spiny non‐GMS parent ‘A1’ was effected. One sib cross, SC‐67, producing non‐parental‐type non‐spiny sterile and spiny fertile plants in F₃ was advanced to F₉ through sib crossing between non‐spiny sterile and spiny fertile plants. Mendelian digenic segregation was not observed for non‐spiny trait and male sterility. The results revealed strong linkage between these traits. The linkage was confirmed in F₂ generations of crosses between a non‐spiny marker‐linked GMS line (MGMS) and five elite lines. Male sterility–linked non‐spiny trait could distinguish sterile and fertile plants at elongation stage. The MGMS would be useful in production of pure F₁ hybrid seed and development of elite populations.