武威市石羊河流域种植结构调整与节水思路

石羊河流域武威市属区水资源紧缺,严重制约了区域的社会经济发展.从水资源实际和供水情况看,现状农业种植结构存在总种植面积大、水资源严重超栽、夏秋作物种植比例不合理、种植结构单一等问题.种植结构调整要围绕水资源的合理配置和高效利用,以水定灌溉规模,以结构调整促发展的思路.节水与结构调整相结合,变革耕作制度,提高水资源的利用效率,运用水价杠杆,激励结构调整,依法治水,合理高效利用水资源.     

密云水库源区曹家路流域生态治理效果分析

北京市针对水源地治理问题提出了构筑"生态修复、生态治理、生态保护"三道水源防线的发展模式.通过2006年7月至2008年7月的实地野外试验,对北京市重要水源地密云水库源区曹家路流域的农业面源污染、有机物污染情况等进行了跟踪调查和研究.研究结果反应出北京市水源地水土保持及清洁小流域治理工程的效果明显,并给出了该水源地今后治理与发展的建议.     

The Ethernet Technology in Water Treatment Automation

Around building a control system for water treatment, the background and the characteristics of technical development of industrial Ethernet are discussed. According to the control system of water treatment from several famous automation companies, the present situation of the technology and application of industrial Ethernet is analyzed. At last, the characteristics of the automatic control system for water treatment are described.     

Experiment Investigation on Separating Characteristic for Heavy Metal in Cumulate MSW Under 135 Meters Submersed Area of Three-gorge Reservoir

The separating characteristic of element in cumulate MSW is a very important base to investigate the synthetically managing technology and estimate the water environment effects in Three Gorge Reservoir (TGR). The experiment to marinate the cumulate MSW under 135 meters for TGR in water is finished, and the same time, the Separating Distributing Coefficient (SDC) and the Separating Velocity Rate (SVR) of each heavy metal in water are presented, too. The experiment results show that the SDC of Cd is the smallest, the Ratio for Water and MSW (RWM) and marinating time play an important role in SDC and SVR, the SDC and SVR change smaller while the RWM get to 400, the separating content of heavy metal can reach 0.75 during three weeks, SVR decreases more with marinate time's increasing, and SVR gets an limit value with smaller RWM. The results can be a base for deeply studying the managing technology and the cumulate MSW under 135 meters for TGR.     

小麦富硒生产技术研究

通过国家发明专利产品——富硒增产素（ZL96107830.8）在小麦上的应用，生产出人类理想的天然富硒小麦，进而加工成品种多样的天然富硒保健食品，使硒进入食物链，实现安全、方便、经济地给人体补硒，将从根本上解决人畜缺硒状况，从而提高中华民族的健康水平，造福人类，实属一项绿色保健型农业新技术。为了生产富硒小麦，笔者以叶面喷施的方式在小麦拔节期、灌浆初期和灌浆中期喷施硒液肥，探索硒液肥对小麦籽粒硒含量的影响，结果表明：小麦籽粒中硒含量高于对照3倍左右。     

Nitrogen Accumulation and Translocation for Winter Wheat under Different Irrigation Regimes

The translocation of pre‐anthesis nitrogen to the grain is an important source for winter wheat. The relation between the nitrogen translocation and irrigation regime was studied in the field under a rain‐proof trough shelter. Nitrogen (N) translocation amount, N translocation efficiency decreased with a decline in irrigation amount or by excessive irrigation. Compared with different organs, the leaf and stem had higher N translocation amounts, and contributions to grain for both cultivars – Jinan 17 and Lumai 21, indicating that stem also is a major N source for grain development. The contribution of pre‐anthesis total above ground N to grain N ranged from 57 to 76 %, indicating the importance of pre‐anthesis storage of N for achieving high grain N concentrations. Grain nitrogen and yield (kg ha^?1) were positively and significantly correlated with the N translocation amounts and contributions, respectively, suggesting that the sink strength may be involved in the translocation of N from a vegetative organ to the grain. N harvest index (NHI) was significantly correlated with N translocation efficiency, suggesting that the latter is a prerequisite for increasing grain N and improving grain quality. The experiment showed that N translocation status is enhanced by better irrigation practices, but limited by severely deficient or excessive irrigation.     

烟草含钾量反射仪-钾离子试纸法快速测定研究初报

比较了反射仪—K 试纸法(K ts-fl)、原子吸收光谱法、ICP-aeS法测定烟株叶脉汁液中的K 含量的三种方法,确定反射仪—K 试纸法测定烟株钾含量的可行性及其最佳测定范围;在烤烟不同生育期,应用反射仪—K 试纸法对烟株叶片不同部位含K 水平的测定,确定其最佳测定时期及部位。研究结果表明,反射仪—K 试纸法与原子吸收光谱法、ICP-aeS法测定结果差异不显著,应用反射仪—K 试纸法进行烟株钾素快速诊断可行,且具有时间短,简单快速,易操作等优点。反射仪测定K 的稳定线性范围是0.30～0.9g/L;在不同时期对烟株不同部位测定研究表明,最佳诊断部位为烟株第二平展叶叶脉基部2cm段。     

玉米花生间作复合体系光合特性的研究

以单作玉米和单作花生为对照，研究了间作玉米花生功能叶片的光合速率、PSⅡ最大光化学效率（F_v/F_m）和PSⅡ实际光化学效率（Φ_PSⅡ）的日变化以及叶绿素含量。结果表明，间作提高了玉米、花生叶绿素含量，其光合速率日变化呈单峰曲线，中午达到最大值；玉米东西行向种植东侧功能叶片的光合速率，上午间作明显大于单作，下午相反；间作明显提高了玉米阴天和晴天的光合速率，却明显降低了花生光合速率；在晴天，间作玉米花生的F_v/F_m、Φ_PSⅡ日变化均呈倒抛物线，上午间作玉米明显大于单作的，下午相反，间作明显提高了花生的F_v/F_m，中午花生的Φ_PSⅡ间作低于单作，上午和下午反之；阴天的F_v/F_m、Φ_PSⅡ，间作玉米除中午小于外，上午和下午均大于单作玉米，间作花生全天均高于单作花生，说明玉米花生间作提高了花生对弱光的吸收利用效率。     

不同储藏条件下稻谷脂肪酸值变化和霉变相关性研究

对不同水分、温度下模拟储藏的晚粳稻谷和晚籼稻谷进行定期的脂肪酸值测定和霉变情况观察。结果表明:储藏温度越高,稻谷含水量越大,其脂肪酸值上升速度越快,也越容易发生霉变。相比较而言,含水量分别为14.5%、13.5%晚粳稻谷和晚籼稻谷,在20℃储藏3个月,脂肪酸值变化很小,也未发生霉变。在相同储藏温度下,同一水分晚粳稻谷的脂肪酸值比晚籼稻谷更容易上升,也更容易发生霉变。脂肪酸值与稻谷霉变相关,一般而言,当稻谷脂肪酸值超过25 mgKOH/100g,开始霉变,所以脂肪酸值可作为稻谷是否发生霉变的指标。