Balticolid: a new 12-membered macrolide with antiviral activity from an ascomycetous fungus of marine origin

A new 12-membered macrolide, balticolid (1) was isolated from the EtOAc extract of the culture broth of fungal strain 222 belonging to the Ascomycota, which was found on driftwood collected from the coast of the Greifswalder Bodden, Baltic Sea, Germany. The structure of balticolid was determined to be (3R,11R), (4E,8E)-3-hydroxy-11-methyloxacyclododeca-4,8-diene-1,7-dione using extensive spectral data as well as the modified Mosher ester method. Balticolid (1) displayed anti-HSV-1 activity with an IC₅₀ value of 0.45 μM.     

应用肛门鉴别法鉴定雌雄雏火鸡

通过对860只（10批孵化）一日龄雏火鸡进行生殖隆起组织形态观察、摄像绘图,结合解剖观察性器官——睾丸卵巢,发现公雏有6种生殖隆起类型、母雏有5种生殖隆起类型,了解到公母雏火鸡的各种生殖隆起类型所占比例.根据这些生殖隆起类型的特征进行肛门鉴别,雌雄鉴别准确率最高达百分之百.     

金线猴雌性生殖器官的观察

本文对３只金线猴（Ｒｈｉｎｏｐｉｔｈｅｃｕｓｒｏｘｅｌｌａｎａｅ）的雌性生殖器官进行了观察。卵巢通常呈椭圆形，两端稍尖，长１．０～１．８厘米，宽０．４～０．６厘米，厚０．２～０．４厘米。有一个体呈一端大、一端小，中间缩细类似亚铃的形状。输卵管两侧均有系膜固定、输卵管上系膜仅０．１～０．２厘米宽。子宫略呈长筒形，子宫底正中沟不明显，子宫颈管较长，子宫颈管与子宫体腔的主轴在同一直线上。子宫颈阴道部明显突出，前唇尤为明显，而阴道后穹比前穹深得多。阴道下半部前壁处皱襞密而高，形成三角形隆起，尖端朝向尿道外口。阴道前庭内前庭球明显，长约０．５厘米，宽约０．２厘米，位于尿道外口两侧的椭圆形窝内。     

贺菊乔教授治疗男科疾病验案三则

贺菊乔教授临证治病首辨虚实,治疗男科疾病善于从肝论治,喜用调理肝经之药,笔者采撷贺教授治疗男性乳房异常发育症、复发性生殖器疱疹、阴囊皮肤坏疽病案各一则,皆以治肝为大法,独具匠心,疗效显著。     

Perception of Equine Practitioners Regarding the Occurrence of Selected Equine Neurologic Diseases in the Northeast Over a 10-Year Period

A survey was developed to examine the perception of equine practitioners regarding the occurrence of five equine neurologic diseases in the northeastern United States over the 10-year period between June 1, 1997 and June 1, 2007. This information was then compared with trends at Cornell University's Equine Hospital during the same time span, which in general agreed with practitioners' opinions. Equine herpes virus-1 (EHV-1) neurologic disease, equine motor neuron disease (EMND), and equine protozoal myelitis (EPM) have historic and current relevance. Results showed that the frequency of EMND and EPM has remained relatively stationary or decreased somewhat, whereas the frequency of the neurologic strain of EHV-1 may have increased slightly over the last decade. Less historical information on clinical disease associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection (Lyme disease) and Parelaphostrongylus tenuis exists; however, results suggest that P. tenuis in the equine is presently emergent. Opinions regarding the existence and rate of occurrence of clinical borreliosis in horses appear divided. A better understanding of the frequency with which these diseases occur, as well as possible associated positive risk factors, will aid the equine practitioner in making an appropriate diagnosis in cases of neurologic disease in their equine patients.     

莲花烷类生物碱化学成分和药理活性研究进展

莲花烷类生物碱属于异喹啉类吗啡型生物碱,主要存在于防己科千金藤属植物中,目前已发现70余个。其药理活性主要表现在抗HBV、与δ-阿片受体结合、抗单纯疱疹病毒等方面。为了更好地开发利用莲花烷类生物碱,本文综述了其化学成分与药理活性的研究进展。     

Isolation of mycoplasmas from milk, lungs and prepuce of cattle

M. bovis was mainly isolated from 6.25% of milk samples collected from cows with clinical and sub-clinical mastitis. The main mycoplasma strain isolated from the respiratory tract of calves with symptoms of bronchopneumonia was M. bovirhinis (12.1% of samples). M. bovigenitalium was most frequently recovered from bull's prepuce (67.1% of samples).     

Bovine Herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5) in Bull Semen: Amplification and Sequence Analysis of the US4 Gene

Bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5), which is potentially neuropathogenic, was detected in clinical samples of bovine semen, both directly and after isolation in cell culture, using a nested PCR system for amplifying the US4 gene. Nucleotide sequences generated from the amplicons were analysed and deposited at GenBank (NCBI, Bethesda, MD, USA) under the accession numbers AF298174 and AF330157. Alignment of these sequences and previously deposited sequences of BoHV-1 and BoHV-5 showed 82% and 98% similarity, respectively. The bulls, which were maintained at an artificial insemination centre, had presented no clinical signs, indicating that bovine semen should be screened for BoHV-5 to prevent transmission of the virus.     

家禽雌性生殖道对属间异种精子运行和存活时间影响的研究

鸡和鹌鹑形态上有很大差异 ,且鹌鹑精液在体外的存活时时间很短 ,大约 (12± 4 )min。为了深入地研究鸡与鹌鹑的属间杂交 ,研究通过鸡 (♂ )×鹌鹑 (♀ )正交和鹌鹑 (♂ )×鸡 (♀ )反交人工授精试验 ,对输入精液后每隔 1,4 ,7,9h解剖母禽观察其生殖道结构、电导率及其内分泌的酸碱度。结果表明 :鸡和鹌鹑生殖道分泌物 pH值、电导、长度都有很大差异。通过显微观察 ,鸡 (♂ )×鹌鹑 (♀ )正交及鹌鹑 (♂ )×鸡 (♀ )反交后 ,其精子在体内的存活时间长于 1h ,鹌鹑精液大大长于在体外的存活时间 ,精子能在 1h后到达漏斗部。