施氮对设施油桃叶片及果实发育的效应

研究了不同的氮素处理对设施条件下油桃叶片质量、果实品质的影响。试验结果表明：施用适量的氮素可以使桃树叶片变厚，比叶重提高，叶绿素含量及光合能力均有显著提高；适量的氮素会使果个增大，平均单果重增加，可溶性固形物含量及酸度提高。从产量及品质综合考虑，对于3—4年生油桃来讲，每年以株施尿素300—600克左右为宜。     

园艺作物果形遗传研究进展

 果实形状是果品、瓜菜及果菜类蔬菜等园艺作物品质评价、分类以及市场定级的主要考核指标之一,也是商业品质育种的重要依据。对园艺作物果形遗传分析研究中的果形测定方法、遗传分析方法及主要园艺作物果形遗传等进行了综述,并对主要园艺作物果形QTL定位及基因定位和克隆的研究进展作了重点阐述。     

负载量对宁夏设施草莓光合作用和果实品质的影响

研究不同果实负载量处理对宁夏设施草莓生长发育、光合作用和果实品质的影响。结果表明:花期进行疏果,能显著增加草莓叶面积,提高果实中性转化酶、蔗糖合酶和细胞壁转化酶活性,降低了酸性转化酶活性、叶绿素含量和净光合速率,果实品质得到显著提高。每株草莓留果量超过2个果实后,产量不再显著增加。在设施环境条件下,花期疏果,可通过调节果实内蔗糖代谢关键酶活性调节库容量和库强,加快叶片发育和加强光合作用,最终提高果实的品质。     

高效液相色谱法测定食用菌中福美双残留量

建立食用菌中福美双残留量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测方法.新鲜食用菌子实体样品粉碎后经二氯甲烷超声(53 Hz)提取20 min,离心(3320 g、5 min),二氯甲烷经氮气吹干,甲醇定容后用HPLC测定.以等体积甲醇和0.1％甲酸水溶液为流动相,1 mL/min等度洗脱,在0.05～10 μg/mL范围内,福美双的峰面积与其浓度呈线性相关,R≥0.999,方法检出限为0.02 mg/kg,添加回收率为79.4％～90.2％,变异系数为1.15％～7.51％％.     

桑椹酿酒研究进展

介绍了桑椹酿酒酵母、发酵工艺和桑椹酒成分的研究进展,以及复合桑椹果酒的研究进展。近年来,桑椹酿酒的研究有了许多改进,对桑椹酿酒工艺的发展和桑椹的综合利用有着重要的意义。     

Growth characteristic and sink strength of fruit at different CO2 concentrations in a Japanese and a Dutch tomato cultivar

The aim of the present study was to elucidate how fruit growth was limited by the source and sink capacities in a Japanese (‘Momotaro York’) and a Dutch (‘Dundee’) tomato cultivar. The two cultivars were grown hydroponically with a high-wire system in greenhouses for 25 weeks, and the growth characteristics and sink strength of fruit were determined. Fruits were pruned to four (4F) or one (1F) per truss. The latter were used to determine potential fruit growth, an indicator of fruit sink strength. Growth was also determined under normal (LC) and enriched (HC, 700 μmol mol⁻¹) CO₂ concentrations to examine the effect of source enhancement on fruit production. In both cultivars under normal CO₂, the growth rate of fruit pruned to 4F per truss was lower than that in 1F, indicating that maximum potential fruit growth was not achieved. Under HC conditions, fruit growth rate of ‘Dundee’ achieved in 4F trusses was lower than that in 1F. In ‘Momotaro York’ in HC, fruit growth in 4F trusses was close to potential. This implies that fruit growth was source-limited irrespective of CO₂ concentrations in ‘Dundee’ cultivar while fruit growth in ‘Momotaro York’ under normal and enriched CO₂ conditions was limited by source and sink strengths, respectively. Adjustments of cultural practices including increasing fruit number per truss and/or genetic approaches to enhancing fruit sink strength by breeding may improve fruit yields of Japanese cultivars under high source/sink conditions.     

日光温室人参果引种试验初报

以人参果为试材,在甘肃省庆阳市西峰区进行了为期间4 a的引种试验。结果表明:品种大紫和长丽的生物学特性和产量较好,适合在日光温室栽培,可以在庆阳地区大面积推广栽培。     

五个甘蓝自交系种株发育与开花结实特性研究

对5个甘蓝自交系(09335#、09336#、09337#、09338#、09340#)的植株形态、物候期、开花结荚、果实特征以及亲和性进行了鉴定。结果表明:09335#和09337#的各物候期早,植株生长势强,侧枝数多,花期授粉与蕾期授粉结荚率高、花期和蕾期亲和指数也较高,为较优良自交系;09336#和09340#居中,09338#较差。     

鲜枣中过氧化氢酶活性的测定

以陕西省延安市延川县延水关镇采摘的25个鲜枣为试材,测定了不同品种鲜枣中过氧化氢酶活性的大小,旨在研究鲜枣中过氧化氢酶活性对枣抗裂性指标的影响.结果表明:不同品种、不同生境鲜枣中过氧化氢酶的活性有较大变化,其中掉牙枣最高,灵宝枣最小.     

基于DNA条形码技术的泰国番石榴中实蝇幼虫分子鉴定研究

实蝇是世界重要的检疫性害虫之一,对果蔬生产及其国际贸易具有很大的影响。而以线粒体DNA细胞色素C氧化酶亚单位I(mtDNACOI)基因的部分序列作为实蝇的DNA条形码能减少对实蝇成虫形态特征的依赖,可检测其任何虫态的样品,有助于实蝇样品的快速鉴定。本研究采用DNA条形码技术,针对采自泰国四色菊市番石榴烂果中的5头实蝇幼虫进行COI扩增测序,与生命条形码数据库(BOLD)中的序列进行比对并利用PAUP4.0软件构建了其系统进化树。根据序列分析和系统进化关系分析的结果,将5头实蝇幼虫样品鉴定为番石榴实蝇(Bactrocera correctaBezzi),并将本研究获得的2条COI序列在GenBank中注册,GenBank的登录号为HM590450和HM590451。