武陵地区主要冬季牧草营养品质的比较与分析

[目的]解决武陵地区牛羊养殖的冬季饲料问题。[方法]通过实验室分析检测,运用灰色关联度分析法对武陵地区10种主要冬季牧草的营养品质进行比较与分析。[结果]在10种主要的冬季牧草中,营养品质的优劣顺序为紫花苜蓿>红三叶>白三叶>黑麦草>画眉草>萝卜干叶>风干玉米秆>芒>氨化稻草>风干稻草。[结论]紫花苜蓿、红三叶、白三叶、黑麦草是适合当地生长的营养品质较高的牧草。     

刈割方式对饲草玉米SAUMZ1产量和饲用品质的影响

采用大田小区栽培,研究了不同留茬高度和刈割时草长对饲草玉米SAUMZ1(以下简称饲草玉米)产量和饲用品质的影响。结果表明,留茬25 cm的处理与留茬15 cm处理的总鲜草产量、总干草产量、相对饲用价值(RFV)、粗蛋白(CP)含量及CP总产量差异均不显著,但均显著高于留茬5 cm处理。处理C220(草长220 cm时刈割)的鲜草产量、干草产量和CP产量均显著高于处理C190(草长190 cm时刈割),但CP含量和RFV较低,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量较高。处理C160(草长160 cm时刈割)的鲜、干草产量和CP产量均显著低于对照处理,但CP含量和RFV较高。研究表明,留茬25 cm、草长190 cm刈割适用于青饲;留茬15 cm、草长220 cm刈割适用于青贮。     

褐篮子鱼网箱养殖技术

从养殖区选择及网箱设置、放苗、饲料选择、日常管理、病害防治等方面介绍了褐篮子鱼网箱养殖技术,以供养殖户参考。     

饲草青贮技术研究进展及其在石漠化地区应用的启示

系统回顾近几十年来饲草青贮技术研究的进展,从理论基础、技术研发、试验示范、监测评价四个层面系统分析饲草青贮技术的主要成果和关键问题;并对未来研究进行展望,提出未来的任务重点是加大对青贮添加剂的研究力度,提高资源利用率,扩大青贮技术推广范围。结合喀斯特石漠化地区草饲畜牧业特点,分析饲草青贮技术如何应用于该区域以促进喀斯特石漠化地区草饲畜牧业的发展,进而为治理石漠化提供帮助。     

海南省热带饲用植物资源现状与开发对策

概述海南自然资源和热带饲用植物资源现状，分析开发热带饲用植物资源面临的问题，并提出了对策。     

Temporal and spatial dynamics of mineral levels of forage,soil and cattle blood serum in two semi-arid savannas of South Africa

In this study, we examined temporal and spatial dynamics of minerals of forage, soil and cattle serum in two savannas (valley and plain) of South Africa. The aims were to explore the relationships between ecosystem components, and plan communal grazing and fodder flow for sustainable livestock production. In each area, grazing sites near, at intermediate distance from (middle) and far from homesteads were selected. In the valley land, site interacted with season to influence local variations (P<0.05) of soil calcium and microelements. In the plain lands, local variations occurred for soil phosphorus and magnesium. At the large scale, most macro-minerals showed differences between the valley and plain lands. In the valley areas, forage calcium differed (P<0.05) locally in the dry season, whereas in the plain areas, potassium and phosphorus showed local variations (P<0.05) in the wet season. Seasonal variations of most forage elements were significant within each local site of both study areas. All forages were deficient in phosphorus and copper. Cattle serum from the valley area had low iron concentrations. The study concluded that biotic and abiotic factors may influence the distribution of soil and forage elements, but their effects may vary between the two areas. Rangeland improvement and supplementation strategies are suggested to sustain animal production.     

高寒草地西北针茅生长发育特征及与气象因子的关系

利用1999～2009年连续11年的定位观测数据,研究了高寒草地西北针茅的生长发育特征与气象因子的关系。结果表明,在3月中旬,如果气温升高,返青日会推迟,这主要因为高温促使土壤水分蒸发,而土壤干旱阻碍返青;返青后,如果≥0℃的积温不足或累计日照时数不足,针茅的抽穗期会推迟;开花期的当日平均气温在10～20℃,如果抽穗-...     

Influence of temperature on the growth of bermudagrass selections from the Appalachian region

Abstract

The hilly terrain of the Appalachian region creates an environment in which large differences in soil temperature occur over a very short distance on the landscape. The ability of a grass to display adequate growth over a range of temperatures would greatly enhance its adaptability and use as a forage or for soil conservation. A growth chamber experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of temperature on the growth of six bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] selections from the Appalachian region. Midland, a cold tolerant bermudagrass, was included in the study for comparison purposes. The grasses were grown under a 14 hour day length with three day/night temperature regimes: 18°C/13°C, 27°C/21°C, and 35^OC/29°C. Two of the selections had significantly higher dry matter production than Midland over the range of temperatures.

This effect was especially pronounced at 35°C where the top growth of Quicksand common and Selection 13 exceeded that of Midland by 206% and 158%, respectively. The higher yielding selections were comparable to the other bermudagrasses when mineral concentrations, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin levels were considered. Both Quicksand common and Selection 13 seem to have the potential to be particularily useful on south facing slopes where elevated soil temperatures are encountered.     

Effect of Planting Sequence and Time, and Nitrogen on Maize Legume Intercrop Yield

Productivity of maize ( Zea mays L.) legume intercrops is determined by soil, management, and environment. Planting sequence and time and N fertilization are easily controlled management factors but their effects on intercrop yields are not well understood. Maize grown in monoculture or intercropped with polebean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) or cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata [L.] Warp.) was studied for two growing seasons at Morgantown, WV. Crops were seeded in the following sequences: maize before legume, both at the same time, and legume before maize. Planting times were early May or mid June. Nitrogen was applied at 0 or 160 kg ha⁻¹. Maize grain and forage, legume grain and forage, and total forage production were determined on a dry matter basis. Intercropping (average of all treatments) reduced maize grain and forage yields compared to maize in monoculture but had no effect on total forage production. However, total forage production was greatest when the seeding sequence was maize intercropped at the same time or before cowpea. Cowpea never produced grain, but forage production was almost double that of polebean. Maize produced most forage when seeded before the legumes, and the legumes produced most forage when seeded before maize. Early planting increased maize production and decreased legume production. Nitrogen increased maize grain, maize forage, and total forage yields but had not effect on legume forage production. It is concluded that maize/legume intercrops show promise for increasing forage production in temperate areas and more research on planting times and densities, weed control, harvesting and management is needed.     

山西省临汾地区草坪草与牧草引种评价

1998—1999年,在临汾地区引入7个草坪草品种和6个牧草品种进行栽培、评价。草坪草品种中。草地早熟禾适宜在该地区种植,尤其是BarVB5649。牧草品种中。多花黑麦草生长快。产量高,但不耐旱、不抗寒,大田推广有困难。苜蓿抗寒耐旱。3个供试品种Baraffa54,Sanditi和Sitel均适宜大面积种植。