玉米‖花生茬口对冬小麦旗叶光化学活性的影响

为探明玉米‖花生茬口显著提高冬小麦旗叶的光合速率和产量的光反应机理,研究了玉米‖花生茬口(间作茬口,ICR)、玉米茬口(MCR)和花生茬口(PCR)及不同施磷水平对冬小麦播前土壤含水量、冬小麦花后旗叶的气体交换参数、光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)、光系统I(PSⅠ)及二者间的性能协调性的影响。结果表明,间作茬口较玉米茬口显著提高了冬小麦播前土壤含水量及旗叶的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和PSⅡ反应中心供(Wk)/受体侧(Vj)的活性,增强了单位面积吸收的光能(ABS/CSo)、捕获的能量(TRo/CSo)和进入电子传递的光能(ETo/CSo)。间作茬口较玉米茬口显著提高了冬小麦扬花期旗叶PSⅡ初级光化学最大量子产额(φpo)、转化效率(Ψo)、电子传递效率(δRo)及乳熟期的PSⅠ的性能(ΔI/Io)、PSⅡ与PSⅠ协调性(ΦPSⅠ/PSⅡ)和籽粒产量,较花生茬口显著提高了乳熟期的φpo和δRo值。施磷提高了Pn、ABS/CSo、TRo/CSo、ETo/CSo、φpo、Ψo、δRo、ΔI/Io和ΦPSⅠ/PSⅡ值。这说明间作茬口较玉米茬口提高了冬小麦旗叶光反应中心活性,从而提高净光合速率,重要原因可能是间作茬口能保持耕层较高的土壤含水量。     

山东省青州市土壤养分元素有效量及其影响因素

为研究山东省青州市土壤养分元素有效量及其影响因素,通过系统采集分析390件表层土壤样品,获得了N、P、K、Cu、Zn、Mo、B 7种土壤养分元素全量和有效量以及pH和有机质数据,并对其进行了相关性和差异性分析.结果表明:研究区土壤Mo、B元素有效量低,总体表现为缺乏和较缺乏;N元素有效量背景值略高于临界值,分布不规律;...     

咸蛋黄快速腌制过程中理化性质变化规律

该研究以新鲜蛋黄为原料,利用快速腌制模具,探究在咸蛋黄的上表面添加食盐单侧腌制过程中,食盐添加量和腌制时间对咸鸡蛋黄快速腌制过程中形貌特征和理化性质变化规律的影响。借助多种仪器分析手段对蛋黄腌制过程中形貌与物性的变化、水分及盐分的迁移规律进行了表征。低场核磁及成像结果表明：在腌制过程中,蛋黄中的水分不断向外迁移,含水率显著降低,当增加食盐的添加量和延长腌制时间,会加快水分的迁移速率;原子吸收结果表明：增加食盐添加盐量越多和腌制时间越长盐分迁移速率越快,质构、色差结果共同表明咸蛋黄腌制过程中,由于水分的向外迁移和盐分的向内渗入,使得蛋黄的蛋白质发生聚集使颜色加深;同时与市售整个腌制后分离的鸡蛋黄产品相比,当腌制时间为7d,添加盐量为3%;腌制时间为3d,添加盐量为5%时,所得的样品与市面的成品咸鸡蛋黄的感官品质及量化指标差异不显著（P<0.05）,为咸蛋黄单侧腌制技术提供理论的可行性。     

奶牛乳脂性状候选基因EEF1D突变位点功能分析

提高乳脂含量、提升奶质已成为当前奶牛业研究的重点方向之一。前期经GWAS方法研究发现,EEF1D基因5′非翻译区(5′-UTR)的G/A突变与乳脂率极显著相关,为了进一步对候选基因EEF1D的突变位点进行功能分析,首先通过人工合成获得了EEF1D基因突变型与野生型片段,并在细胞水平上对其开展了功能验证实验。研究发现,EEF1D基因5′-UTR的G/A突变引起Sp3转录起始位点后移33 bp,并且突变型的活性大约是野生型的3倍。研究结果表明,该突变可改变转录因子的转录起始位点,从而使EEF1D的表达上调。     

天然生胶杂质含量测量结果不确定度评定

根据GB/T 8086—2008规定的测定方法,分析了测定过程中的随机效应与系统效应,计算这两种效应对测定过程导致的不确定度和,最终对本方法所产生的不确定度给予综合评定。     

Effects of Different Substrate Composition on Growth of Gesneriaceae Plants

The cultivation experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different proportions of peat soil, perlite, vermiculite and yellow mud on growth of Gesneriaceae species(Chirita gueilinensis, Sinningia speciosa, Lysionotus pauciflorus, Hemiboea henryi, Aeschynanthus acuminatus, Saintpaulia ionantha). The growth traits of each plant growing in 7 different matrix materials were investigated.The plant height, crown width and chlorophyll content of each plant were measured. The results showed that the best substrate ratio was peat soil∶vermiculite=2∶1for C. gueilinensis, L. pauciflorus and H. henryi; peat soil∶perlite∶vermiculite = 2∶1∶1for S. ionantha; peat soil∶vermiculite∶yellow mud=2∶1∶1 for S. speciosa; peat soil∶perlite∶vermiculite∶yellow mud=2∶1∶1∶1 for A. acuminatus.     

A calibration method of detecting soil water content based on the information-sharing in wireless sensor network

In agricultural production, there is contradiction between the cost and accuracy of detection during the course of acquiring soil water content (θ) online. This conflict is one of the core issues of automatic water-saving irrigation technology in agriculture. At the same time, capacitive soil moisture sensor (CSMS) has received considerable attention, for it can acquire θ with low cost and high precision, and meet the application requirements of wireless sensor network (WSN). But CSMS is vulnerable to the soil temperature (T_s) and salinity (S_s) in the measurement process. Therefore, this study took EC-5 sensor for example to establish water detection calibration models of soil temperature and salinity for single sensor, using Least Squares Support Vector Machines on MatLAB (LS-SVMlab) as the tool. On this basis, we explored the spatial variability of T_s and S_s, and then a method, which could be used to calibrate the output signals of sensors in multi-point network, was proposed based on the information-sharing (T_s or S_s) technology of WSN. Through laboratory experiment, we effectively reduced the impact of soil temperature and salinity on the single sensor. In example analysis, we investigated the detection precision and costs under different information-sharing radiuses (r). And the results indicated that the method we proposed based on the information-sharing technology of WSN could successfully calibrate the influence of soil temperature and salinity on sensors in multi-point network, and it was an efficacious approach to determine the balance between the calibration accuracy of moisture sensor and the investment of agricultural production. For example, while the calibration precision of soil temperature and salinity is respectively 1%, the costs can be reduced by 30%.     

密集烤房不同循环风机烘烤烟叶的色素降解及感官质量

采用三速和单速循环风机,研究密集烤房不同循环风机对烤烟色素及感官质量的影响.结果表明:采用三速循环风机烤后烟叶的叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量分别为5.10、167.74 μg/g,分别为单速循环风机的72.11％和93.30％;叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素、类胡萝卜素含量分别为0.84、155.56、156.40 μg/g,分别为单...     

农业技术经济学实验教学探索

研究了开展农业技术经济学实验教学的必要性,根据课程内容,确定了动态经济效果评价等实验项目,选择Excel、SPSS、Eviews、LINDO、DEAP软件作为实验教学软件,并分析了实验实施的各个环节。     

超高效液相色谱法测定饲料中斑蝥黄和β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜素酸乙酯含量方法的研究

为有效快速测定饲料中斑蝥黄和β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜素酸乙酯含量,饲料经甲醇、正己烷和乙酸乙酯混合液萃取后,在氮气保护下浓缩,用甲基叔丁基醚-乙腈溶液复溶,注入超高效液相色谱仪中进行测定。结果表明:斑蝥黄浓度为1.25~10.0μg/mL,β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜素酸乙酯为2.50~20.0μg/mL线性关系良好;斑蝥黄和β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜素酸乙酯的检测限为0.06 mg/kg,定量限为0.20 mg/kg。斑蝥黄5个添加水平的平均回收率为72.8%~82.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.41%~1.06%;β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜素酸乙酯5个添加水平的平均回收率为72.0%~82.8%,RSD为0.46%~1.41%。说明该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高、准确度好,适用于测定饲料中斑蝥黄和β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜素酸乙酯含量。