不同树龄、种源尾叶桉的开花结实情况调查

对第1代引种尾叶桉种源家系试验及在第1代种源家系试验基础上遗传选优建立的第2代尾叶桉实生种子园的开花结实信息做了总结。第1代和第2代尾叶桉种源家系试验均显示,引种后尾叶桉花期与原产地花期有很大的差异,这可能是地理变异和气象条件差异的结果。引种后尾叶桉果实成熟期也存在较大的变异。     

南水北调京石段征迁安置重度影响户收入分析

对南水北调京石段征迁安置重度影响户进行了收入现状分析.根据对京石段征迁安置2006年经济收入的抽样调查数据,建立数学模型,对京石段征迁安置重度影响户收入主要影响因素进行了定量分析.在此基础上,提出重度影响户增收的对策和建议.     

酸沉降胁迫对不同家系马尾松幼苗耐酸性的影响

由于我国工业化、城镇化进程日益加快,环境污染不断加剧,由此引起酸雨频率及强度增加,长期酸雨侵蚀造成我国大面积土壤酸化.酸沉降影响森林的生长,主要表现:1)抑制植物养分、水分的吸收和运输;2)抑制光合作用;3)抑制呼吸作用;4)抑制其他代谢.这些抑制作用最终导致植物的萎黄、褪色、枯死(单运峰,1993;Zhu et al.,2008;李振华等,201 1).马尾松(Pinus massoniana)是我国南方主要造林树种和重要的工业用材树种,适应性强、生长快(丁贵杰等,2006;周政贤,2001),分布遍及南方15个省(区),分布区内地理环境存在极大差异.在长期的自然选择和生殖隔离下,马尾松存在着丰富的种内遗传变异,特别是对南方酸性土壤环境表现出很强的适应能力(Zeng et al.,2011).     

Genetic variation in nutrient utilization and growth traits in picea abies seedlings

Genetic variation in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) utilization (amount of total biomass produced per unit nutrient in the needles) and growth traits in seedlings from 30 open‐pollinated families of Picea abies (L.) Karst. was estimated. Seedlings were grown under two nutrient regimens: free access to nutrients and restricted access. There was a strong treatment effect on most growth traits. With free access, families allocated relatively more biomass to the stem and less to the roots than they did with restricted access. Heritabilities for growth traits were higher with free access treatment (0.33–0.81) than with restricted access treatment (0.20–0.45). Family variance components for N and P utilization were significant (p < 0.05) with restricted access but not with free access. Genetic correlation between nutrient utilization and height traits with restricted access ranged from none to moderate ( — 0.31 to 0.56). Genetic correlations between the same trait assessed in the two treatments were strong for height and moderate for biomass.     

不同家系枫香种子活力的研究

采用直立板发芽、电导率测定、酸性磷酸酶活性测定等方法对75个枫香优树种子活力进行研究。壮苗率、活力指数、发芽指数等指标均能较好地反映不同家系枫香种子的活力差异。电导率与种子的活力呈负相关。酸性磷酸酶与壮苗率及发芽指数两指标间均呈正相关。     

青海云杉半同胞家系苗期遗传变异及选择

以引种的51个青海云杉自由授粉子代为研究对象,对3年生实生苗的苗高、地径、新稍长、分枝角度、侧枝数、侧枝长、侧根数、侧根长、主根长、径根比、高径比和质量指标12个生长性状进行测定,并对家系间生长性状变异和苗期选择进行了分析。结果表明:青海云杉的苗高等12个生长性状家系间存在显著或极显著差异,遗均在0.80以上,相关系数在0.50以上,径根比与生长指标均呈负相关。利用苗高为主要参考指标,按照1倍标准差选择出的311#、312#4、05#1、09#、408#、410#3、05#3、06#8个优良家系各性状值高于51个家系的平均值。     

Effect of maternal soil treatment on first year growth and autumn frost hardiness of Pinus sylvestris L. full‐sib families

After‐effects of maternal soil treatment, controlling for photoperiod and weather conditions, were tested in a nursery experiment with Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings. Three full‐sib crosses were replicated in 4 different soil treatment plots of a grafted experimental seed orchard (63"54'N). Weight of filled seeds, percentage of empty seeds, first year hypocotyl and epicotyl length, and autumn frost hardiness (from artificial freeze testing) were evaluated. Systematic effects from maternal soil treatment were small compared to family differences for all characters studied. However, epicotyl length of the progenies showed a positive relationship with N needle content of the mother grafts. The results also indicated an important interaction between maternal soil treatment and autumn frost hardiness of the families. It is suggested that the altered mother tree treatment could lead to a change in progeny performance, corresponding to a 1.5 degree difference in latitudinal origin of natural stand seedlings. The results demonstrate the advantages of providing the mother tree with uniform conditions in early progeny testing.     

青林核桃半同胞家系坚果性状遗传多样性分析

以材果兼用型核桃品种青林半同胞家系为试材,从其果实表型性状、坚果质量、出仁率、核仁蛋白质质量分数、脂肪质量分数等对半同胞家系坚果性状遗传多样性进行研究,旨在为核桃品种资源开发利用和新品种选育提供科学依据。结果表明,坚果果形以方圆形为主,果顶平,果面麻,缝合线隆起;内褶壁和横隔膜多为膜质、退化;取仁易,核仁多饱满充实,香、脆、甜而不涩。核仁脂肪质量分数均值为68.31%,总体变幅为64.18%～73.81%,变异系数仅为3.03%,单株间脂肪质量分数差异不显著,其中以株系9-19最高,为73.81%,株系6-1脂肪质量分数最低,仅为64.18%;蛋白质质量分数均值为12.98%,总体变幅为10.93%～17.17%,变异系数为10.68%,单株间蛋白质质量分数差异显著,其中以株系9-4最高,为17.17%,株系6-1最低,为10.93%。     

大户治理股份制经营实践与理论分析

回顾了大户治理股份制经营的发展现状,介绍了大户治理经营的形式,对相应的理论和政策进行了研究。     

闽楠优良家系和单株的早期综合选择研究

对福建明溪地理种源试验的20个闽楠家系7年生子代林进行测定,采用树高、胸径和单株材积生长量多性状指标综合评价,估算其遗传增益。结果表明,选出的4个优良家系的树高、胸径和单株材积分别比家系均值提高22．85％、29．56％和89．27％;优良家系的树高、胸径和单株材积的平均遗传增益分别为19．26％、25．49％和78．99％,从优良家系选出的11株优良单株,树高、胸径和单株材积较家系平均值增加了53．16％、84．96％、341．16％,预期遗传增益分别为25．82％、35．59％、122．20％,选出的优良单株可作为闽楠的育种材料。