双马来海松酸型聚(氨酯-酰胺亚胺)烘漆制备及性能

采用双马来海松酸酰亚胺和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯制备头－头，尾－尾结构的聚酰胺亚胺（ＰＡＩ）烘漆，并与二元醇共聚，制备聚（氨酯－酰胺亚胺）（ＰＵＡＩ）烘漆，进一步改善漆膜的各项力学性能。采用红外和热失重对ＰＡＩ和ＰＵＡＩ进行分析表明，ＰＵＡＩ烘漆兼具较好的力学性能和热稳定性，可以作为Ｆ级绝缘漆使用。     

不同pH值对从羽毛粉水解液中提取磺基丙酸得率影响的研究

本研究探索了不同ｐＨ值对氧化后羽毛粉水解液中提取磺基丙酸得率的影响，结果表明：用等电点沉淀分离水解液中的磺基丙酸是可行的，当水解液ｐＨ值调到４．６～４．７时，其得率及纯度高。经过二次结晶制得了纯度为６５．０５％的磺基丙酸制剂     

马来海松酸型聚氨酯烘漆耐热性研究

以马来海松酸酯多元醇为原料，制备了马来海松酸型聚氨酯烘漆，利用热重法，讨论了不同原料组分及配比，固化温度和固化时间等因素对烘漆耐热性的影响，另外，还利用ＤＳＣ，对二月桂酸二丁基锡对封闭异氰酸酯组分热解封温度的影响了讨论。     

牡丹和芍药花瓣中高级脂肪酸组分及含量的测定

为探讨牡丹和芍药花瓣的脂肪酸含量及组成,以对其进行开发利用。采用脂肪酸甲酯化的方法获得油样,用气相色谱法对牡丹和芍药花瓣中的脂肪酸组成进行定性和定量测定,并分析了牡丹和芍药不同时期花瓣中脂肪酸组分和含量的变化。结果显示,牡丹和芍药花瓣中高级脂肪酸主要有棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸等。     

Exogenous Application of Abscisic Acid Improves Cold Tolerance in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Chickpea suffers cold stress (<10 °C) damage especially during reproductive phase resulting in the abortion of flowers and pods, poor pod set, and reduction in seed yield and seed quality. One of the ways in modifying cold tolerance involves exogenous treatment of the plants with chemicals having established role in cold tolerance. In the present study, the chickpea plants growing under optimum temperature conditions (28/12 °C, as average maximum and minimum temperature) were subjected to cold conditions of the field (10–12/2–4 °C; day/night as average maximum and minimum temperature) at the bud stage. Prior to exposure, these plants were treated exogenously with 10 μm abscisic acid (ABA) and thereafter again after 1 week of exposure. The stress injury measured in terms of increase in electrolyte leakage, decrease in 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride reduction %, relative leaf water content and chlorophyll content was observed to be significantly mitigated in ABA-applied plants. A greater pollen viability, pollen germination, flower retention and pod set were noticed in ABA-treated plants compared with stressed plants. The seed yield showed considerable improvement in the plants treated with ABA relative to the stressed plants that was attributed to the increase in seed weight, greater number of single seeded pods and reduction in number of infertile pods. The oxidative damage measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances was lesser in ABA-treated plants that was associated with greater activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, ascorbic acid, glutathione and proline in these plants. It was concluded that cold stress effects were partly overcome by ABA treatment because of the improvement in water status of the leaves as well as the reduction in oxidative damage.     

Accumulation of Zinc and Molar Ratio of Phytic Acid and Zinc during Maize Grain Maturation

Dynamics of the accumulation of total ash and zinc, and their relationships with total dry matter, crude proteins and phytic acid during maize grain maturation were investigated. The investigation was carried out on normal maize hybrids grown under the same topographical and agrotechnical conditions over two consecutive vegetation years.
The amount of total ash, expressed on fresh and dry matter bases, changed significantly (P = 0.05 and P = 0.01) during grain maturation depending on maturity stage and variety. The dynamics of the accumulation of ash in fresh grain matter during maturation as well as the ash amount in dry matter of mature grains were significantly affected by environmental conditions.
The accumulation of zinc in fresh matter of developing grain was significantly affected (P = 0.05 and P = 0.01) by the degree of grain maturity and by variety, and correlates significantly (P = 0.001) and positively with the deposition of total dry matter, crude proteins as well as with phytic acid in both vegetation years.
The molar ratio of phytic acid and zinc increased significantly during grain maturation indicating a possible decrease of zinc availability.     

赤霉酸涂布剂在绿宝石梨上的应用效果研究

试验证明,应用赤霉酸涂布剂涂抹果柄,可以有效地减少绿宝石梨裂果率(较对照减少裂果25.38%),增大果个、提高产量(较对照增长14.15%),明显提高经济效益,并使可溶性固形物的含量增加2.55%,果心减小3.48%.用3%赤霉酸脂膏于花后10d涂抹果柄基部长度1.5cm,对减轻绿宝石梨裂果的作用和提高果实其他性状效果最好.     

内标法同时测定挥发性脂肪酸和乳酸的方法探究

选用巴豆酸作为内标物,以内标标准曲线法定量,探讨无需任何前处理便能同时测定挥发性脂肪酸和乳酸的最佳色谱条件。用HP-INNOWAX(19091N-133)毛细管柱,以高纯氮作为载气,用氢火焰离子化检测器对挥发性脂肪酸和乳酸进行测定。结果表明:其理想检测条件为载气总压力160kPa,气化室温度250℃,检测室温度270℃,柱温采用程序升温法,初始温度120℃,然后以10℃/min升温速率升至220℃,保持2min。     

Effect of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus damaged by monosodium glutamate on bone histomorphometry parameters in rat

AIM: To investigate the effect of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus(ARC) damaged by monosodium glutamate (MSG) on bone histomorphometry parameters in rats. METHODS: (1) Newborn SD rats of experimental group were hypodermically injected 10% MSG (4 g/kg BW) on the postnatal lst, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th day. Meanwhile, the newborn rats of the control group were given equal volume of normal saline and the rats after the postnatal 70th, 72th, 74th, 76th and 78th day were hypodermically injected 10% MSG (4 g/kg BW) as the MSG toxicity control group. After survivial for 160 days, all rats were killed. (2) Morphological methods were used to estimate the ARC neurons and the bone histomorphometry parameters. (3) Radioimmunoassay was used to measure the levels of the serum growth hormoen(GH), estradiol(E2) and testosterone(T). RESULTS: The number of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus neurons, the levels of serum E2, T, GH and the %Tb·Ar, Tb·Th, Tb·N of proximal tibial metaphysis(PTM) significantly decreased, while Tb·Sp of proximal tibial metaphysis(PTM) significantly increased, and the osteoporotic alterations appeared obviously. All these changes did not appear in the rats of NS group and MSG toxicity control group. CONCLUSION: (1) The changes of the bone in MSG guoup rats are not the effect of the MSG toxicity on the bone directly. (2) The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus participates in the regulation of the bone metabolism. (3) ARC regulates bone metabolism via altering the functions of the hypothalamus-GH-IGF-1 axis and the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonal axis.     

NADP-malic enzyme and glutathione reductase contribute to glutathione regeneration in Fragaria vesca fruit treated with protective high CO2 concentrations

Treatment of harvested strawberries (Fragaria vesca L. Mara des Bois) with high concentrations of CO₂ is an effective means of limiting fungal decay and avoiding disorders caused by low temperature storage. In the present study, we investigated the role of NADP-ME gene expression and activity in lowering malic acid contents and in the provision of NADPH required for the regeneration of the reduced form of glutathione (GSH). We also measured glutathione reductase (GR: EC 1.6.4.2) activity in strawberries treated with different high CO₂ concentrations (0, 20 and 40% for 3 days) during storage at 0 °C. A decrease in malic acid content in fruit exposed to 20% CO₂ was primarily mediated by the stimulation of NADP-ME activity, rather than associated with changes in the expression of cytosolic NADP-ME genes. Moreover, malic acid decarboxylation was associated with a marked increase in GR activity, which may account for the increased levels of glutathione in fruit following exposure to 20% CO₂. This chain of events was not observed in untreated fruit stored in air or in fruit treated with 40% CO₂, suggesting that the unique cellular redox status of 20% CO₂-treated fruit plays an important role in detoxification and protection from damage during storage. Based on these findings, we propose that NADP-ME activation in fruit exposed to 20% CO₂ provides NADPH for glutathione regeneration by GR, thereby conferring protection against the cellular damage caused by low temperatures or excessive high CO₂ levels.