Body weight of newborn and suckling piglets affects their intestinal gene expression

Modern hyperprolific sows must deal with large litters (16–20 piglets) which reduce piglet birthweight with a concomitant increase in the proportion of small and intrauterine growth retarded piglets. However, larger litters do not only have a greater variation of piglet weights, but also a greater variation in colostrum and milk consumption within the litter. To further understand the impact that body weight has on piglets, the present study aimed to evaluate the degree of physiological weakness of the smallest piglets at birth and during the suckling period (20 d) compared to their middle-weight littermates through their jejunal gene expression. At birth, light piglets showed a downregulation of genes related to immune response (FAXDC2, HSPB1, PPARGC1α), antioxidant enzymes (SOD2m), digestive enzymes (ANPEP, IDO1, SI), and nutrient transporter (SLC39A4) (P < 0.05) but also a tendency for a higher mRNA expression of GBP1 (inflammatory regulator) and HSD11β1 (stress hormone) genes compared to their heavier littermates (P < 0.10). Excluding HSD11β1 gene, all these intestinal gene expression differences initially observed at birth between light and middle-weight piglets were stabilized at the end of the suckling period, when others appeared. Genes involved in barrier function (CLDN1), pro-inflammatory response (CXCL2, IL6, IDO1), and stress hormone signaling (HSD11β1) over-expressed compared to their middle-weight littermates (P < 0.05). In conclusion, at birth and at the end of suckling period, light body weight piglets seem to have a compromised gene expression and therefore impaired nutrient absorption, immune and stress responses compared to their heavier littermates.     

甘蔗线虫病抗性基因的PCR检测研究

以38份未经线虫病常规鉴定的甘蔗种质资源为供试材料,根据番茄抗根结线虫病基因和甜菜抗胞囊线虫病基因的保守序列区域,分别设计了2条上游引物、2条下游引物,对设计的引物进行组合后,应用PCR特异扩增从中分别筛选出各1对特异引物。用抗根结线虫基因设计的特异引物进行扩增最终获得了1条大约460 bp大小的特异片段;用抗胞囊线虫基因设计的特异引物进行扩增最终获得了1条大约690 bp大小的特异片段,进一步进行了PCR-Southern杂交,确认了该2条特异引物的真实性。     

PCR-RFLP技术检测新嘉兴黑猪氟烷基因

本试验随机抽取嘉兴地区部分猪场新嘉兴黑猪血样,通过PCR-RFLP技术进行氟烷基因检测,结果表明,37头新嘉兴黑猪基因型均为NN,未出现Nn和nn基因型。检测结果为新嘉兴黑猪品种资源保护及合理开发利用提供理论依据。     

饲料突然变换对配套系生猪肥育性能影响的研究

选择配套系生猪为研究对象,研究饲料突然变换对配套系生猪育肥性能的影响。虽然配套系生猪的生长速度快、饲料利用率高、瘦肉率高、饲养时间短,但其适应能力、耐粗饲能力、抗应激能力却很差,因此,必须在科学的饲养管理条件下才能取得良好的饲养效果。否则易发生PSS(应激综合征)、PSE(肉色苍白/蛋白质松软无弹性、切面渗水的劣质肉),给养殖户造成重大损失。     

乳铁蛋白的生物学功能及其基因工程研究进展

乳铁蛋白是一种具有多种生物活性的糖蛋白。本文主要就乳铁蛋白的生物学功能及其基因工程研究进展作一综述。     

血红素氧合酶-2基因真核表达载体的构建

为构建血红素氧合酶-2（HO-2）真核表达载体pEF1α-HO-2-AcGFP,并观察其在小鼠脑血管内皮细胞中的表达情况。试验利用PCR技术从C57BL/6小鼠海马组织中扩增出HO-2基因cDNA序列,用双酶切法将此序列克隆到真核表达载体pEF1α-IRES-AcGFP上,构建HO-2的真核表达载体pEF1α-HO-2-AcGFP,重组载体经EcoRI和BamHI双酶切和测序鉴定。电穿孔法转染小鼠脑血管内皮细胞,48h后,实时定量PCR、Western blot检测HO-2在小鼠脑血管内皮细胞中mRNA和蛋白质水平的表达情况。结果表明,pEF1α-HO-2-AcGFP载体构建正确;重组载体转染小鼠脑血管内皮细胞后HO-2在mRNA水平表达量较空载体转染极显著增高（P〈0.01）,在蛋白水平表达量较空载体转染显著增高（P〈0.05）。表明HO-2基因的真核表达载体pEF1α-HO-2-AcGFP构建成功,为进一步研究其机制和功能奠定了基础。     

草原生态保护红线划定的基本思路与政策建议

草原保护事关我国生态及经济协调、可持续发展大局。划定草原生态保护红线是构筑我国生态安全屏障的基础,是加强我国民族团结和边疆稳定的前提,是确保我国畜牧业产业安全的保证,是实现牧区可持续发展的重要保障。草原生态保护红线与耕地保护红线一样,具有不可撼动的国家战略意义和重大历史意义。本文在分析我国草原保护现状及存在问题的基础上,提出了草原生态保护红线的内涵和意义,阐述了划定生态红线的基本思路,给出了实现草原可持续发展、划定草原生态保护红线的具体政策建议。     

Determination of nucleotide sequence of SRY gene in sika deer (Cervus nippon)

The aim of the present study was to determine the whole nucleotide sequence of the open reading frame of the sex‐determining region Y (SRY‐ORF) in wild sika deer. The SRY gene of wild sika deer was obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with DNA from blood samples. The whole nucleotide sequence of the SRY‐ORF in wild sika deer consisted of 687 bp and encoded 229 deduced amino acids. In comparison with the bovine SRY gene, the percentage of nucleotide sequence homology was 91.0% in the overall ORF, and those of the N‐terminal, high mobility group (HMG) box, and C‐terminal regions within ORF were 88.9%, 96.2% and 87.9%, respectively. The nucleotide sequences of sika deer SRY‐ORF characterized in the present study can be used for phylogenetic analysis or sexing in wild sika deer.     

细胞凋亡的常用调控基因研究近况

细胞凋亡主要受基因的控制，现已发现许多基因对细胞凋亡均有直接或间接的调控作用。通常将这些基因分为两大类，即细胞生存基因和细胞死亡基因。一般认为与细胞生存有关的基因包括C－myc,C-abl,Ras,V-src,Bcl-2,EIB,LMW5-HL,C-kit和Bcl-x等；与细胞死亡有关的基因包含P^35,P^53,RB,DCC,WT-1,CpGv,Bcr-abl,V-erb-A,tats20,DAD1,ADO/Fas,TGF-β，TRP－2，RP－8，TRPM－2，SGP－2，TIA，Bax,ICE,C-rel,irrecrst等。本文对目前使用较多研究较深入的几种凋亡调控基因，即C－myc基因，Bcl-2基因，P^53基因，ICE基因，Fas基因及FasL和Cdc2基因的来源，作用和相互间关系的研究近况，予以综述，做一简介。