甘薯病毒病发生关键因素研究

[目的]明确甘薯种薯携带的病毒种类与苗期病毒病发生率和严重度之间的关系,以及甘薯田烟粉虱发生量和带毒率与种薯带毒率之间的关系,建立甘薯苗期病毒病预测预报方法和种薯质量早期预警技术,为甘薯无病毒种薯生产和病毒病防控提供理论依据.[方法]利用PCR和RT-PCR方法对随机采集的不同来源的甘薯种薯进行病毒检测,检测的病毒种类...     

陇中半干旱区集雨限灌对马铃薯干物质积累和产量的影响

研究了大田条件下集雨有限补偿灌溉对旱区马铃薯干物质积累分配和产量的影响。结果表明:进行有限补充灌溉对旱作马铃薯有显著的增产效果,其经济系数也得到相应提高,与对照(不灌水)相比,补灌处理产量增幅在3.91%~21.21%之间,苗期补灌45 mm与90 mm对马铃薯产量的补偿效应显著;补灌马铃薯干物质积累量与对照相比无显著差异,但花后干物质的分配运转,苗期补灌处理比对照移动量大,转换率高,有利于花后薯块营养物质的积累;薯块膨大期补灌45 mm和90 mm,在干物质积累和花后干物质转化方面均低于对照,增产效果也并不显著。     

波尔山羊杂交改良海南黑山羊生长性能研究初报

测定并比较波尔山羊与海南黑山羊的杂种F1、F2代及海南黑山羊的0（初生）,2,4,6,8,10,12（周岁）月龄的体重、体高、体斜长、胸深、胸宽、胸围、腰角宽等体尺指标。结果表明：相应年龄的波黑F1、F2代羊的体重明显高于海南黑山羊,初生至周岁各生长测定阶段F1、F2代羊体重较海南黑山羊分别增加了6．25％。73．68％．15．34％～90．55％,杂交效果极其显著;海南黑山羊只有0～2月龄平均日增重指标处于较高水平,之后生长速度基本处于下降状态,而波黑F1、F2代的0．2月龄平均日增重指标处于更高水平。并具有2-4月龄和8-10月龄2个体重增长高峰期;0-4月龄和8-10月龄为波黑F1、F2的2个快速生长阶段,0．2月龄为海南黑山羊的快速生长阶段,此时期应加强饲养管理以充分发挥其生长性能,提高养羊业的经济效益;波黑F1、F2代胸宽和腰角宽明显大于海南黑山羊,有向其父本体型发展的趋势．具有典型的肉羊体型。研究结果能为海南黑山羊的合理开发利用及杂交育种提供理论基础和科学依据．     

粳稻杂种早期世代产量性状选择效果研究

通过对6个粳稻杂交组合F2代6个产量性状的遗传相关、遗传参数、通径分析及选择指数的研究,结果表明:在早期世代对每穗粒数、有效穗数、单穗重及单株谷重进行综合选择,对产量的遗传进展有较好的效果。     

肉用仔鸡早期限食饲养试验

试验对7日龄肉用仔鸡进行了10d限食饲养,限食量分别为对照组的70%、60%、55%和50%,到56日龄时,除限食量为50%组日增重较低外,其它各试验组分别比对照组提高8.5%(P〈0.05)、7.5%(P<0.05)和6.79%,饲料报酬和心脏病发生率以限食量为60%和55%的试验组较好。试验就肉用仔鸡实施限制性饲养进行初探,旨在提供一个降低养鸡成本的途径。     

Crossability relationships of andean potato varieties of three ploidy levels

Summary The formation of triploids in 4x×2x crosses was studied in primitive potato varieties from the Andes of Peru and Bolivia. Triploid frequencies were as high as 80–100% in some crosses, although the actual number of seeds was low. The triploid block varied according to the tetraploid parent, and was never entirely absent. The likelihood of triploid formation was studied in 4x×2x crosses where pollen from both tetraploids and diploids of known genotype was used. Even though the diploids were chosen for their non-production of 2n gametes, as detected in pollen grain size, 66% of the hybrids were tetraploid. The amount and probability of gene-flow between the tetraploid and diploid gene-pools, either directly through 2n gametes or through triploid bridges was examined. Most of the 20 cultivars of S. x chaucha produced seed in crosses with tetraploids and diploids, although the fertility of the latter crosses was four times higher. The female fertility of some of the triploids thus allows them to exchange genes with the tetraploids and diploids, although gene-flow occurs more rapidly through direct transfer from diploids to tetraploids via 2n gametes.     

Multiple marking of otoliths of brown trout, Salmo trutta L., with alizarin redS to compare efficiency of stocking of three early life stages

Abstract  This study examined stocking with three early life stages of brown trout, Salmo trutta L., in the context of rehabilitating a native lineage. Experimental sections in five streams were stocked successively with three stages (I: unfed fry at the end of the reabsorption phase, II: fed fry measuring 2–3 cm and III: fed fry measuring 4–5 cm) derived from a hatchery stock bred from wild spawners. The three stages were distinguished by single or multiple fluoromarking of the otoliths with alizarin redS. The index of relative stocking efficiency was greater for stage II than for stage I in all sections and equivalent or greater than that for stage III. Stage II achieved significantly larger mean length and weight in autumn than stage III stockings.     

优质早稻高产综合配套栽培技术研究

根据江西省试种和推广的优质早籼稻品种的生育特性，分别围绕育秧技术、施肥技术、无公害生产以及栽培条件对品质影响等方面进行了研究。并根据研究结果和已有推广的技术，编制了“优质早稻高产简化栽培技术模式图”，边试验、边推广，取得了显著的经济和社会效益。     

马铃薯大棚套黑膜覆盖栽培技术

马铃薯已成为长乐市冬季农业生产的主要作物,但由于栽培技术与管理水平差异,年际气候变化较大,产量和品质也大不相同。马铃薯大棚套黑膜覆盖栽培技术通过构建温室大棚覆盖塑料无滴膜,起垄播种后覆盖黑色地膜,膜下铺设灌溉和施肥用的滴灌带等方法,为马铃薯生长发育提供了一个相对稳定的生态环境,可有效地提高马铃薯的产量和品质,且比露地栽培提早一个多月上市,稳定增加农户种植效益。     

鱼类早期发育阶段摄食行为研究现状

对鱼类早期阶段的摄食行为研究进行了综述。重点阐述了胃含物分析法、饥饿对摄食的影响、摄食器官的形态发育特征与摄食行为的关系、食物选择及其生理生态因子对摄食的作用。初步探讨了仔稚鱼饥饿后的捕食量和捕食速度的变化,并结合食物保障,分析了食物选择性指数I在鱼类摄食行为研究中的应用。