AN APPRONTMATE CALCULATING METHOD FOR WALL PLATES OF MAN'' S DRY GAS HOLDERS

The basic equations of wall plates of MAN' S dry gas holders are derived in this paper. According to the law of cylindrical bending given by the finite element results .we derive some approximate formula calculating the deflection and stresses of the wall plates from the basic equations. Compared with the known approximate calculating method.the method car. obviously increase the percision.     

玉米自交系及杂交种抗青枯病鉴定

1986-1989年采用自然鉴定和人工土壤接种鉴定的方法，对602份玉米材料的青枯病抗性进行了鉴定。人工接种鉴定397份，其中204份材料表现抗病。在正常年份，人工接种鉴定效果明显好于自然鉴定，但在重病区或青枯病流行年份，在尚未具备人工接种条件时，利用自然发病作为选育抗病材料仍有一定效果。玉米苗期接种青枯病重于成株期     

棉花烂铃空间格局及抽样技术研究

本文通过聚集度指标（如：Ｃ、Ｋ、Ｃ＿Ａ、Ｉ、Ｉ＿δ、）测定，以及Ｉｗａｏ’线性回归、Ｔａｙｌｏｒ’ｓＳ￣２一回归和格局纹理分析，结果表明，棉花烂铃空间格而在一切密度下都呈聚集型，且聚集强度随烂铃密度的升高而增加，其空间格局的基本成分是疏松的个体群，其大小约为２～５株棉花，平均约含２．８４个烂铃个体，且个体群内的个体呈随机分布，经μ检验和方差分析，双对角线５点式、棋盘式和平行跳跃式等３种取样方法均适用于棉花烂铃田间调查，尤以双对角线５点式为佳，用双对角线５点式应样法调查的最适抽样数：一般病情普查至少１０个样方（每样方系５株棉花），系统测报和科研调查为２０～３０个样方。最后给出了棉花烂铃平均密度的零频率简易估计模型。     

玉米穗腐病导致产量损失的品种和气候因素分析

1986～1990年的研究结果发现,在玉米穗腐病流行年份,抗病和感病玉米自交系的严量损失分别比常年高21％和35％。在气候因素中,日照时数对发病和产量损失影响较大。同一气候条件下感病系比抗病系产量损失大52％～82％。感病品种因穗腐病造成的玉水产量损失比不利的气候因素更为严重。     

我国谷物干燥机械的发展现状及对策

谷物干燥是粮食生产的重要步骤。我国是粮食生产和消费大国,因地制宜,大力发展谷物干燥机械,对于解决粮食生产过程中的损失和提高谷物品质有着极其重要的意义。为此,针对我国谷物干燥机械发展过程中存在的问题,提出了对策及建议,为我国谷物干燥机械的发展研究提供了参考依据。     

Quality and maximum profit of industrial tomato as affected by distribution uniformity of drip irrigation system

The tomato industry reformed its system of payment by weight of tomato, introducing a corrective system based on percent level of fruit dry matter produced. Such a decision implies significant changes in the management of irrigation systems, with a need to emphasize the technological quality of the marketable product. Three levels of distribution uniformity of the irrigation system are analysed, and related production functions of crop yield and percent of dry matter are presented as well as their use on the optimisation of dry matter, expected revenues and seasonal applied water. Results are critically influenced by the distribution uniformity. They demonstrate the inter-relationship between crop production, percent fruit dry matter and irrigation management, and the importance of considering non-uniformity in the economic analysis of industrial tomato production. Decreases in uniformity lead to a reduction in dry matter production per unit land. Decreases in dry matter are also observed with increasing levels of seasonally applied water, with the optimal level always lower than the required for maximum yield. Such interaction suggests a continuous and inverse relationship between profit and water applied. However, due to the corrective system of payment, by levels of percent of dry matter produced, for some uniformity, the expected revenue follows the yield-water production function instead of the dry matter function. This fact introduces disturbances in the optimal water applied inducing higher than expected levels of water applied for profit maximisation. The simulated data also show that incentives to switch to new systems or management practices able to raise the distribution uniformity result more from profit losses than increases in water price.     

干旱缺水灌区节水灌溉评价标准及其分析

在分析节水灌溉定义内涵的基础上，提出了评价干旱缺水灌区农田节水灌溉的目标标准和技术标准，并对这些评价标准的运用进行了讨论。     

水稻旱作覆膜节水增产试验研究

通过水稻旱作全程覆膜与半程覆膜、旱作不覆膜及水栽对比试验，研究其耗水规律，计算其节水量与增产量，并进行经济效益分析，提出了适合本地区的栽培模式。     

植物抗软腐病基因工程的策略及研究进展

通过基因工程的手段提高植物对软腐病的抗性已被认为是一条切实可行的途径。目前已有大量研究证实,利用植物与病原菌互作的相关基因、病原菌致病性的相关基因以及杀菌肽基因可以或有望提高植物对软腐病的抗性。文章对以上几个方面及相关的抗软腐病基因工程的一些策略与研究进展进行了论述。