光诱鱿鱼浮拖网渔具渔法试验

首先对诱鱼光场进行计算，并分析其对光诱鱿鱼浮拖网作业的影响，据此合理配置了灯光强度及其布局，探讨了一套较有效的诱导渔方法。根据鱿鱼的趋光习性及浮拖网的特点，设计了适应在较深渔场作业的光诱浮拖网渔具，并成功地试验了光诱鱿鱼浮拖网柔性网板；取得了良好的社会生态效益和经济效益。     

柔鱼不同部位的呈味物质含量比较

将柔鱼可食部分分成胴体，鳍和头足三部分，用80％乙醇抽提法分别对其其味物质作提取试验，测定了不同部位的原料和抽提物中主要呈味物质的含量，并对其中的甜菜碱，氨基酸及无机离子K^ ,Na^ ,Ca^2 ,Fe^2 ,Zn^2 ,PO4^3-,Cl^-等作比较研究。结果表明：无论是原料还是抽提物中，胴体部分甜菜碱和氨基酸含量都最高，而鳍和头足中的含量相对偏低且相差不大；无机离子在胴体，头足和鳍中的含量则依次减少，抽提物中牛磺酸的含量胴体比鳍和头足低。此外，对柔鱼中呈味成分的应用进行了可行性的初步探索。     

北太平洋西经海域(175°W-170°W)温盐分布及其与柔鱼渔场关系的初步研究

根据2000年5-7月北太平洋鱿钓探捕调查所收集的海水盐度、温度及渔获量等数据,分析了调查海域表层盐度、不同水层水温的分布特征及鱿钓渔场的形成.利用聚类和相关分析方法,研究了单位捕捞努力量渔获量与表层盐度及不同水层水温的关系.结果表明,鱿钓渔场形成于表层低盐水舌和100m层水温暖水舌的交汇区,单位捕捞努力量渔获量与100m层水温相关性最好,但表层海水盐度的分布对鱿钓渔场的确定仍具有一定指示意义.     

Change in translucency of squid mantle muscle upon storage

ABSTRACT:   Change in the translucency of squid mantle muscle during itsstorage at 0°C was studied by monitoring L* valueand turbidity. Two indicators showed that squid mantle muscle lostits translucency and reached maximal turbidity within 24 hof storage. Thickness of mantle muscle also increased by 15% in12 h, earlier than the loss of translucency. ATP contentdecreased with storage time and was completely lost in almost 24 h,a similar period to translucency loss, but later than rigor contraction.Development of black color on skin surface by chromatophores wasfully achieved in 24 h. It was thus concluded that ATPcontent was well correlated with a loss of translucency or increasein the turbidity of mantle muscle and development of dark coloron the surface skin of mantle.     

采用空穴阻挡层提高有机太阳电池效率的研究

为研究BCP对有机太阳电池的影响,制备了含BCP层的体相异质结电池,器件结构为：ITO/PEDOT：PSS/P3HT＋PCBM/BCP/LiF/Al。结果表明：BCP层起到了空穴阻挡和电子传输的作用,器件性能随着BCP层厚度的不同而变化,当BCP厚度为6nm时,其性能最好。     

Characteristics and Functional Properties of Ovary from Squid Loligo Formosana

The characteristics and functional properties of the ovary from Loligo formosana were studied. Moisture (72.07 ± 0.24%) was dominant, followed by protein (18.64 ± 0.51%) and carbohydrate (7.44 ± 0.2%). Ash (1.39 ± 0.03%) and lipids (0.46 ± 0.5%) were found as the minor constituents. Albumin (79.02 ± 0.79%) was the major protein of the squid ovary, followed by glutelin-1 (8.31 ± 0.62%) and globulin (6.68 ± 0.08%). Nevertheless, prolamin and glutelin-2 constituted approximately 1% of the total proteins. Based on the electrophoretic studies, albumin had the largest band intensity. The squid ovary was rich in non-essential amino acids (52.26%) and high in hydrophobic amino acids (48.03%). It was also rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA, 43.76 ± 0.84%), followed by saturated fatty acid (SFA, 39.36 ± 0.12%) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA, 12.94 ± 0.55%). Ovary lipids had a high amount of docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6) (28.59%). At pH 3, the squid ovary powder (SOP) had the maximum solubility (96.39%), whereas the lowest solubility (38.33%) was observed at pH 9. The foaming capacity and stability of SOP were increased with increasing concentration up to 8% (p < 0.05). The globulin fraction showed the higher foaming capacity, as compared to albumin and glutelin-1 fractions. The squid ovary had good nutritional value and possessed excellent foaming properties. Therefore, the squid ovary could serve as a novel food additive or ingredient.     

Physicochemical and Structural Properties of Recovered Elastin from Jumbo Squid (Dosidicus gigas) By-Products

Physicochemical and structural properties of soluble jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) elastin recovered from skin by-products were evaluated. The molecular weight of isolated elastin was ~40 kDa with an isoelectric point (pI) between 9 and 10. Aspartic, glutamic, arginine, proline, glycine, and lysine amino acids were the most abundant in squid elastin, whereas the hydroxyproline absence, ~0.7% cysteine content, and the calculated 0.35 isoleucine/leucine ratio were used as purity index. Total and reactive sulfhydryl contents were similar (247.0 ± 5.1 vs 242.0 ± 7.5 μmol mg^?1 of protein, P ≥ 0.05) in purified squid elastin but surprisingly higher than previously reported in other elastins. On the other hand, the secondary structures of squid elastin analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were ~45% β-sheets, ~15% α-helices, ~10% β-turns, and ~30% undefined structures. In addition, squid elastin experienced glass transition at 82.01 ± 0.01ºC, denaturation temperature at 110.45 ± 0.64ºC, and aggregation at 197.5 ± 0.23ºC. In conclusion, the prevalence of charged amino acids and pI of squid elastin can facilitate its solubilization in hydrophilic systems, whereas the secondary structure profile and thermostability are desirable features in proteins used for biopolymer designs such as food biofilms or barrier systems.     

Recent Advances in Exopolysaccharides from Paenibacillus spp.: Production,Isolation, Structure,and Bioactivities

This review provides a comprehensive summary of the most recent developments of various aspects (i.e., production, purification, structure, and bioactivity) of the exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from Paenibacillus spp. For the production, in particular, squid pen waste was first utilized successfully to produce a high yield of inexpensive EPSs from Paenibacillus sp. TKU023 and P. macerans TKU029. In addition, this technology for EPS production is prevailing because it is more environmentally friendly. The Paenibacillus spp. EPSs reported from various references constitute a structurally diverse class of biological macromolecules with different applications in the broad fields of pharmacy, cosmetics and bioremediation. The EPS produced by P. macerans TKU029 can increase in vivo skin hydration and may be a new source of natural moisturizers with potential value in cosmetics. However, the relationships between the structures and activities of these EPSs in many studies are not well established. The contents and data in this review will serve as useful references for further investigation, production, structure and application of Paenibacillus spp. EPSs in various fields.     

海洋环境因子对日本海太平洋褶柔鱼渔场时空分布的影响

根据2010—2013年11—12月日本海太平洋褶柔鱼(Todarodes pacificus)的渔获生产数据,并结合遥感获取的海洋环境数据,利用渔获量重心法、地统计插值和数理统计方法,分析了太平洋褶柔鱼的资源丰度与渔获量重心的时空变化及其与主要环境因子(海表温度、叶绿素浓度、海流)之间的关系。研究表明,渔场重心每年稍有差异,经度重心集中在132°20′E附近;纬度重心集中在36°30′N和37°30′N两个位置附近。GAM模型显示,日本海太平洋褶柔鱼渔场的最适海表温度为16~18℃;最适叶绿素a浓度为0.37~0.45 mg/m3。海洋环境与单位捕捞努力渔获量(CPUE)的回归方程的显著性检验表明,除了叶绿素a浓度呈一般显著外,海表温度和空间因子在CPUE上的回归均极显著(P0.01),符合统计意义。4年间渔场的适宜环境范围有所差异,推断主要是日本海海域对马暖流、东朝鲜暖流与里曼寒流相互交汇的强弱作用力引起的,也有不同年份季风的强弱不同以及全球气候变化的因素存在。每一年的渔场海洋环境因子稍有差别,对其资源量的影响巨大。