纯镁粉末坯往复挤-镦的数值模拟及实验研究

采用DEFORM-2D有限元软件对纯镁粉末多道次往复挤-镦块体机械冶金过程进行有限元模拟,分析了往复挤-镦过程中的流场、应力场及应变场等相关场量变化规律.模拟结果表明：挤压段材料纵向流动,镦粗段材料横向流动,流速和流向的不一致形成强烈的交替剪切效应,且试样的主变形区域处于三向压应力状态.试样的等效应变呈不均匀分布,但应变的均匀性随着往复挤-镦道次的增加而有所改善.3道次往复挤-镦实验结果表明：试样产生显著的条带状组织,主变形区强烈的剪切力将原镁粉表面的氧化物和其内部的孔隙破碎,形成强烈的致密效应,相对密度接近0.98,组织上达到了良好的冶金结合.     

Biochemical studies of the lagunamides, potent cytotoxic cyclic depsipeptides from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula

Lagunamides A (1) and B (2) are potent cytotoxic cyclic depsipeptides isolated from the filamentous marine cyanobacterium, Lyngbya majuscula, from Pulau Hantu, Singapore. These compounds are structurally related to the aurilide-class of molecules, which have been reported to possess exquisite antiproliferative activities against cancer cells. The present study presents preliminary findings on the selectivity of lagunamides against various cancer cell lines as well as their mechanism of action by studying their effects on programmed cell death or apoptosis. Lagunamide A exhibited a selective growth inhibitory activity against a panel of cancer cell lines, including P388, A549, PC3, HCT8, and SK-OV3 cells, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 1.6 nM to 6.4 nM. Morphological studies showed blebbing at the surface of cancer cells as well as cell shrinkage accompanied by loss of contact with the substratum and neighboring cells. Biochemical studies using HCT8 and MCF7 cancer cells suggested that the cytotoxic effect of 1 and 2 might act via induction of mitochondrial mediated apoptosis. Data presented in this study warrants further investigation on the mode of action and underscores the importance of the lagunamides as potential anticancer agents.     

Test on Seismic Behaviors of Reinforced Concrete Beams Composite Rehabilitation with Bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer and Steel Plate

Neither the Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic nor the steel plate strengthening concrete components shows sufficiency in improving the structures' seismic behaviors independently, while they complement each other by the way of composite strengthening. Six reinforced concrete beams, five of which are strengthened, were comparatively and experimentally tested under low frequency cyclic load to investigate their mechanical performances such as characteristic of resilience, hysteretic curve, seismic behaviors, skeleton curve, degeneration of rigidity and loading capacity. It is indicated that the way of composite strengthening can boost the beams′ ultimate bearing capacity, ductility and deformability capacity effectively, and it can delay rigidity degeneration and improve the seismic behaviors of the beams. Also, the CFRP and steel plate can work together very well.     

Experimental Investigation on the Aseismic Behavior of Seismic Damage Masonry Wall Retrofitted with Grouting and Steel Hoops

In order to accurately evaluate the aseismic behavior of the seismic damaged masonry pagodas destroyed by Wenchuan earthquake and strengthened after the earthquake, a test was conducted to acquire related parameters on seismic performance from the specimens made by masonry and retrofitted with grouting and steel hoops. Taking a seismic damaged ancient masonry pagoda in Sichuan as a case study, four kinds of primitive specimens are fabricated by simulating the conformation of the masonry pagoda. Then the primitive specimens are destroyed under cycle loads and the damaged specimens are repaired by grouting and steel hoops. Cycle controlling tests are conducted with the specimens and relevant data are acquired. Experimental results showed that grouting combined with steel hoops could improve the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of a seismic damage of brick masonry structure, but it do a little to improve the stiffness of a seismic damage structure. And the cracking load of the repaired masonry is much lower than the original undamaged structure.     

Frequency offset tracking algorithm for orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing systems using a pilot sub carrier

To improve the estimation precision of the carrier frequency offset in a multi path fast fading environment, the performance of the frequency offset tracking algorithm using a pilot sub carrier was studied extensively. Comparing with the frequency offset tracking algorithm based on a cyclic prefix, a frequency offset tracking algorithm using a pilot sub carrier can not only derive better frequency offset tracking performance in the AWGN channel, but also obtain exact frequency offset estimation in multi path fast fading channels. The algorithm using a pilot sub carrier therefore is more suitable for frequency offset tracking in the multi path fast fading channels.     

基于不同发展战略实施模式下的创业板上市公司成长性研究

对全新飞艇蒙皮膜材Uretek3216L进行了单轴循环拉伸试验,采用自主研发的多功能薄膜双轴拉伸试验机进行5种应力比例下的拉伸试验.探讨了单双轴循环试验的应力应变关系及弹性模量随循环次数的变化规律,对双轴耦合弹性模量的理论公式进行了推导,分析了纬经向应力比对耦合弹性模量的影响规律.结果表明,单轴循环的第15次和第1次循环相比,经纬向弹性模量分别增大了20.7%和39.1%,其中第2次循环增大幅度最大,经纬向均占总增量的60%以上.对于双轴试验,随纬经向应力比R的增大,经向耦合弹性模量增大而纬向减小.确定了膜材的单、双轴应力下的弹性模量和3D应力应变响应曲面.     

Effects of Cyclic Electron Flow Inhibitor （Antimycin A） on Photosystem Photoinhibition of Sweet Pepper Leaves upon Exposure to Chilling Stress Under Low Irradiance

In chloroplast, there were two pathways involved in the cyclic electron flow around photosystem 1 （PS 1）. One was the NADH dehydrogenase （NDH）-dependent flow and the other was the ferredoxin quinone reductase-dependent flow. It was proposed that the NDH-dependent cyclic electron flow around PSI was related to the xanthophyll cycle-dependent non-photochemical quenching （NPQ） at chilling temperature under low irradiance （CL）. The function of the chloroplastic cyclic electron flow around PS 1 was examined by comparing sweet pepper （Capsicum annuum L.） control with its antimycin A （AA）-fed leaves upon exposure to CL stress. During CL stress, the maximum photochemical efficiency of PS2 （Fv/Fm） decreased markedly in both controls and AA-fed leaves, and P700＋ was also lower in AA-fed leaves than in controls. These results implied that cyclic electron flow around PS 1 functioned to protect the photosynthetic apparatus from CL stress. Under such stress, NPQ and PS2-driven electron transport rate were different between AA-fed leaves and controls. The lower NPQ in AA-fed leaves might be related to an inefficient proton gradient across thylakoid membranes （ApH） because of inhibiting cyclic electron flow around PS 1 under CL stress.     

周期性“饥饿-再投喂”对大口黑鲈幼鱼补偿生长的影响

在水温(26.5±1.2)℃下,将体质量(45.70±0.56)g的大口黑鲈Micropterus salmoides幼鱼分为4组,饲养在采光大棚内的30m2水泥池中,每池40尾,D0组每天饱食投喂2次,D1、D2、D3组分别投喂6d、5d、4d,饥饿1d、2d、3d,持续8周,每组3个重复池塘,研究周期性“饥饿-再投喂”对大口黑鲈幼鱼补偿生长的影响。结果发现,随着每周饥饿天数的增加,大口黑鲈的末体质量和增重率均不同程度下降,但D1组与D0组无显著差异(P>0.05)。大口黑鲈的日摄食量随饥饿时间的增加而显著提高(P<0.05),但各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。D1组的饲料利用效率和蛋白质效率与D0组无显著差异(P<0.05);而D2和D3组显著低于D0组(P<0.05)。试验结束时,鱼体粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量随饥饿时间增加而下降。D3组鱼的胃和肠道蛋白酶活性显著低于D0组(P<0.05);D1组的胃和肠道脂肪酶活性较高;D1和D2组胃淀粉酶活性较高,肠道淀粉酶活性则随着饥饿时间增加显著上升(P<0.05)。饥饿使大口黑鲈血清甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量降低,血清谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性增加。血清生长激素水平随着饥饿时间增加而上升,类胰岛素生长因子-Ⅰ水平则下降(P<0.05)。结果表明:每周投喂6d饥饿1d的大口黑鲈饲料转化效率较高,实现了完全补偿生长,可供集约化养殖的科学投喂参考。     

The role of cAMP in regulating the β-adrenergic response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) red blood cells

The -adrenergic response of teleost red blood cells (RBCs) enables the fish to maintain or even enhance the oxygen affinity of haemoglobin during various stress situations. The role of CAMP in the pronounced -adrenergic response of hypoxic rainbow trout RBCs was studied. Rainbow trout RBCs were incubated with three different -agonists (noradrenaline, adrenaline and isoproterenol, 10^–9 - 10^–4 M) at two oxygen tensions (P_{O 2}, 155 and 8 mmHg), and thereafter cAMP accumulation and cellular water content were measured.The cAMP concentration of non-stimulated trout RBCs was ca. 1200 nmol/kg dw. Of the three -agonists used, isoproterenol was the most effective in formation of cAMP, followed by noradrenaline and adrenaline. Oxygen tension affected the accumulation of cAMP in two ways. At physiological catecholamine levels (1–100 nM) there was either no difference between normoxic and hypoxic cells or a slight increase in the normoxic ones. At high catecholamine concentrations the accumulation of cAMP was greater in the hypoxic than in the normoxic cells. Oxygen tension also affected the magnitude of cell swelling but had no effect on the catecholamine concentrations causing half-maximal swelling (EC₅₀-values). The results indicate that, at physiological catecholamine levels, the -adrenergic response of rainbow trout RBCs is mainly regulated on the level of the Na⁺/H⁺ exchange.