Genetic parameters for chronic progressive lymphedema in Belgian Draught Horses

Genetic parameters for chronic progressive lymphedema (CPL)‐associated traits in Belgian Draught Horses were estimated, using a multitrait animal model. Clinical scores of CPL in the four limbs/horse (CPL_clin), skinfold thickness and hair samples (hair diameter) were studied. Due to CPL_clin uncertainty in younger horses (progressive CPL character), a restricted data set (D_3+) was formed, excluding records from horses under 3 years from the complete data set (D_full). Age, gender, coat colour and limb hair pigmentation were included as fixed, permanent environment and date of recording as random effects. Higher CPL_clin certainty (D_3+) increased heritability coefficients of, and genetic correlations between traits, with CPL_clin heritabilities (SE) for the respective data sets: 0.11 (0.06) and 0.26 (0.05). A large proportion of the CPL_clin variance was attributed to the permanent environmental effect in D_full, but less in D_3+. Date of recording explained a proportion of variance from 0.09 ± 0.03 to 0.61 ± 0.08. Additive genetic correlations between CPL_clin and both skinfold thickness and hair diameter showed the latter two traits cannot be used as a direct diagnostic aid for CPL. Due to the relatively low heritability of CPL_clin, selection should focus on estimated breeding values (from repeated clinical examinations) to reduce CPL occurrence in the Belgian Draught Horse.     

Inhibition of c-Myc by 10058-F4 overcomes imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia cells

AIM：To investigate the effect of c-Myc inhibitor 10058-F4 on human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) K562 cells and imatinib-resistant K562/G cells. METHODS：The protein expression of c-Myc was detected by Western blotting. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay and colony formation assay. PI staining was used to determine the cell cycle distribution. Annexin V-PI staining was applied for apoptosis detection. RESULTS：Imatinib-resistant K562/G cells displayed lower sensitivity to imatinib than K562 cells with high expression of c-Myc. Treatment with specific c-Myc inhibitor 10058-F4 inhibited the cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and K562/G displayed more sensitivity to 10058-F4 than K562 cells. 10058-F4 also induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and induced apoptotic cell death in the 2 cells. Importantly, 10058-F4 suppressed the colony formation ability in K562 and K562/G cells. CONCLUSION：c-Myc is a novel target to overcome imatinib-induced drug resistance, and c-Myc inhibitor provides a new approach in CML therapy.     

不同因子对花鲈胚胎干细胞增殖的影响

胚胎干细胞(ES细胞)是从动物早期发育胚胎中分离出来的具有发育全能性的一种未分化细胞系。维持花鲈胚胎干细胞(LJES1)的体外生长、增殖及未分化状态需要在培养基中添加一些生长因子。实验通过配制省略1种或多种因子的培养基PESM0～10，计数LJES1细胞在各培养基中增殖的数量，确定各种生长因子对LJES1细胞的增殖作用。同时，对LIF因子和bFGF因子的作用进行了重点的研究，发现LIF因子对早期的LJES1细胞增殖几乎没有作用，其主要作用是维持LJES1细胞的未分化状态，但对晚期LJES1细胞的增殖有一定的作用；bFGF因子对LJES1细胞有强烈的刺激增殖的作用；鲈鱼胚胎抽提液(PEE)以及鲈鱼血清(FS)也促进了LJES1细胞的增殖，2-巯基乙醇(2-ME)具有还原血清中的含硫化合物、防止过氧化物对LJES1细胞的损害及促进贴壁的作用，因而也促进了LJES1细胞的增殖。     

AQP-4在抑郁模型大鼠海马区含量的改变

目的探讨抑郁模型大鼠海马区AQP-4含量的改变．方法通过采用慢性不可预见性刺激和孤养相结合的方法,在应激前1天和应激第22天后对大鼠行为学观测,快速断头取海马组织,通过半定量PCR方式观察海马区AQP-4含量的变化．结果发现抑郁大鼠海马区AQP4mRNA的相对含量增加．结论AQP-4既参加调节抑郁模型大鼠海马区内环境,同时对抑郁模型大鼠海马区神经元的凋亡发挥作用,为研究抑郁症的发病机制奠定基础．     

抑食肼对大型溞的急慢性毒性效应研究

选择21%抑食肼可湿性粉剂为受试农药,研究其对大型溞(Daphnia magna)的急性毒性和21 d慢性毒性效应,观察大型溞各个繁殖和生长指标变化,建立毒物剂量-反应关系,并寻找其中的敏感生物学指标。急性毒性试验结果表明,21%抑食肼可湿性粉剂对大型溞的48 h-EC50为0.94 mg·L-1;慢性毒性试验结果表明,抑食肼对大型溞的初次蜕壳时间、蜕壳次数、产卵时间、产幼溞数和产幼溞胎数等都有显著的影响,其中,0.135 mg·L-1的暴露浓度可以显著减少大型溞蜕壳次数、产幼溞总数量和产幼溞胎数,综合各个繁殖毒性终点指标,21 d无可见效应浓度(NOEC)为0.045 mg·L-1。此外,研究还发现低至0.015 mg·L-1的抑食肼暴露21 d可以使母溞体长显著性下降。研究结果表明,抑食肼胁迫在一定程度上对大型溞的生长和繁殖具有抑制效应。     

Associations between farm management practices, productivity, and bovine leukemia virus infection in Ontario dairy herds

The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between herd-level bovine leukemia virus (BLV) status and herd-level management and production variables. The study population consisted of 1330 cows sampled from 102 Ontario dairy herds. The individual-cow prevalence of BLV infection in the population (based on AGID testing) was 23%, with 69.6% of herds having one or more positive animals. The herd-level explanatory variables were divided into two datasets containing winter housing variables and all non-seasonal variables, and summer housing variables and all non-seasonal variables. In both datasets, multivariable analyses found a negative association between herd-level milk production and BLV status, and positive associations between weaning age and purchasing animals from outside sources, and BLV status. Housing pre-weaned calves in hutches or separate calf buildings in either season was associated with an increased risk of BLV. The model containing winter housing variables also included positive associations between contact with older animals and BLV status, and between BLV status and the facilities used to house dry cows in the winter.     

奶牛慢性子宫内膜炎的治疗试验

选用乳酸环丙沙星、中药“孕宝”制剂两种药物对134头患有慢性子宫内膜炎的奶牛进行治疗对比试验。结果表明，乳酸环丙沙星治疗慢性卡他性子宫内膜炎、慢性卡他性脓性子宫内膜炎、隐性子宫内膜炎的治愈率分别为79．17％、72．73％、71．43％；“孕宝”治疗此3种慢性子宫内膜炎的治愈率分别为93．10％、72．73％、83．33％。乳酸环丙沙星治疗慢性卡他性脓性子宫内膜炎的效果优于“孕宝”，“孕宝”治疗慢性卡他性子宫内膜炎和隐性子宫内膜炎的效果则高于乳酸环丙沙星。     

实验性慢性氟中毒家兔肝、肾动态超微病理学研究

２４只２０～３０日龄体重０．７～１．２ｋｇ新西兰白兔随机分为实验组１５只（每日每只随饮水摄取ＮａＦ４５ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重）及健康对照组９只（饮用自来水）．两组在相同饲养管理条件下实验观察．分别在实验第３０，６０．９０ｄ时迫杀，对肝和肾进行超微病理学研究．结果表明，肝和肾实质细胞膜系统损伤明显，胶原原纤维再生增多，且有再生障碍及再生后的损伤性变化．     

沈阳地区鸡慢性呼吸道病的流行病学调查

采用玻片凝集试验结合现场观察，对沈阳地区15个鸡场不同品种和日龄的未免疫鸡进行了鸡慢性呼吸道病(CRD)流行病学调查。共检测了300份鸡血清，平均阳性率33％。被调查的15个鸡场中的12个鸡场显示有CRD血清抗体阳性鸡，表明沈阳地区一些鸡场鸡群已被鸡败血霉形体(MG)感染，有的鸡场还相当严重。     

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide regulates oxidant/antioxidant balance in rat with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

AIM: To investigate the role of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) in the protection against oxidative stress in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).METHODS: The rat model of COPD was established by cigarette smoking (CS) combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instillation. Thirty-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, CS+LPS group, CS+LPS+NaHS (H₂S donor) group and CS+LPS+PPG (DL-propargylglycine, an inhibitor of cystathionine-γ-lyase) group. After 30 days, the lung functions of the rats were measured, the histological changes of lungs were observed under light microscope and the pathological scores were calculated. The H₂S level in plasma and the protein expression of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) in the lung tissues were measured. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were detected to reflect oxidative stress.RESULTS: Compared with control group, the peak expiratory flow (PEF) decreased by 24% and intra-pressure (IP) increased by 66% in CS+LPS group. The pathological scores of the lung tissues also increased. Compared with CS+LPS group, no change in the lung function was observed after given NaHS or PPG, but the pathological scores decreased in CS+ LPS+ NaHS group. Compared with control group, the content of H₂S in plasma was increased by 26% on day 16. Compared with CS+LPS group, the content of H₂S in plasma of CS+LPS+PPG group was decreased by 22% after 30 days. Compared with control group, the protein expression of CSE increased, and no statistical difference among CS+LPS group, CS+ LPS+ NaHS group and CS+LPS+PPG group was observed. Compared with control group, MDA content in the lung tissues was increased by 24% in CS+LPS group, the activity of SOD was increased by 47% and the activity of CAT was increased by 52%. Compared with CS+LPS group, the MDA content in CS+LPS+NaHS group was decreased by 21%, and no statistical difference in the activity of SOD and CAT was observed. The activity of SOD decreased by 33% after given PPG.CONCLUSION: H₂S plays a role as anti-oxidant in the rats with COPD. The CSE/ H₂S pathway may be involved in the development of COPD.