Aquatic birnavirus induces apoptosis through activated caspase-8 and -3 in a zebrafish cell line

In this study, the possible influence of temperature on infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV)-induced apoptosis in a zebrafish liver epithelium (ZLE) cell line was investigated. At a lower temperature (18 degrees C), there was expression of viral proteins VP2 and VP3 at 4 h post-infection (p.i.). At this time no expression was found in the high temperature group at 28 degrees C. The cell survival ratio was 52 and 18% at 24 and 48 h p.i., respectively, during IPNV infection at 18 degrees C. In addition, we assayed for apoptosis in IPNV-infected cells with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated end labelling (TUNEL) of DNA at different dosages of virus. We found a ratio of apoptotic cells of 8 and 25% at 12 and 18 h p.i., respectively, in the multiplicity of infection (MOI) 1 group. The MOI 10 group had 20 and 45% apoptotic cells at 12 and 18 h, respectively. Furthermore, at 18 degrees C IPNV activated the caspase-8 and 3 from 1.5 to 2 times at 12 and 18 h p.i., respectively. Taken together, these findings suggest that successful virus replication occurs at the low temperature (18 degrees C) compared with the non-permissive temperature of 28 degrees C. Thus, IPNV replication is capable of activating caspase-8 and -3 and inducing host apoptosis.     

锦鲤尾鳍细胞系(KF-H)的建立

本研究建立了锦鲤(Cyprinus carpio)尾鳍细胞系。染色体数目、核型及DNA含量等实验,发现锦鲤体细胞和锦鲤培养细胞无显著性差异,染色体数目和DNA含量符合比例关系,建立的锦鲤尾鳍细胞系已形成了稳定的遗传性状,命名为KF-H。     

浸泡免疫迟钝爱德华氏菌疫苗诱导牙鲆黏液细胞的动态变化

为探明鱼类黏膜相关淋巴组织中黏液细胞对疫苗免疫的应答特性,本研究利用组织学和组织化学技术,研究了浸泡免疫灭活迟钝爱德华氏菌前后牙鲆皮肤、鳃、前肠、中肠和后肠中黏液细胞数量和特性的时序变化。苏木精-曙红(HE)、阿尔新蓝-过碘酸雪夫氏(AB-PAS)染色结果显示,免疫前皮肤主要分布含中性黏多糖的Ⅰ型黏液细胞以及含中性黏多糖和少量酸性黏多糖的Ⅲ型黏液细胞,鳃中可观察到Ⅰ、Ⅲ型以及含酸性黏多糖和少量中性黏多糖的Ⅳ型黏液细胞,前肠中主要分布Ⅰ型黏液细胞,中肠、后肠上皮中可观察到Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型和含酸性黏多糖的Ⅱ型黏液细胞。免疫后,牙鲆黏膜免疫相关淋巴组织中黏液细胞总量随时间呈现先增多后减少趋势,后肠在第5天达到峰值,其他于第3天达到峰值;免疫后各组织中Ⅰ型黏液细胞数量减少,含酸性黏多糖成分的Ⅱ、Ⅲ及Ⅳ型黏液细胞数量显著增多,表明疫苗免疫诱导黏液细胞成分由中性黏多糖向酸性黏多糖转变。p H 2.5和p H 1.0条件下AB染色结果显示,免疫后黏膜相关淋巴组织中酸性黏液细胞数量增多,且多数为硫酸化酸性黏液细胞。本研究结果为鱼类黏液的免疫防御功能及黏液细胞在鱼类黏膜免疫中的作用提供了理论依据。     

Effect of transketolase-like protein 1 on proliferation of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of transketolase-like protein 1 (TKTL1) on proliferation of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro. METHODS: The siRNA against TKTL1 mRNA was constructed and transfected into human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (CNE cell line). The activity of transketolase was detected before and after RNA interference.Real-time PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of transketolase (TKT) gene family in the CNE cells.Flow cytometry and MTT test were used to detect the effect of anti-TKTL1 siRNA on cell proliferation and cell cycle in the CNE cells. RESULTS: The total transketolase activity was significantly decreased in the CNE cells transfected with siRNA TKTL1 construct compared with the cells transfected with control vector or untransfected CNE cells. No significant difference in the expression level of TKT and TKTL2 gene between the CNE cells transfected with siRNA TKTL1 construct and the cells transfected with control vector or untransfected CNE cells was observed (P>0.05). However, the expression level of TKTL1 gene was significantly downregulated in the CNE cells transfected with siRNA TKTL1 construct compared with the cells transfected with control vector.Cancer cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase, and cancer cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in the CNE cells transfected with siRNA TKTL1 construct. CONCLUSION: TKTL1 plays an important role in the total transketolase activity and cell proliferation of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma. TKTL1 may be considered as a potential target for novel anti-cancer therapy.     

Identification of QTLs related to sugar and organic acid composition in melon using near-isogenic lines

The soluble sugar and organic acid composition of melon (Cucumis melo L.) fruit flesh has become a major focus of plant breeding worldwide in an attempt to improve taste. Thus, sugar and organic acid profiles were characterized using near-isogenic lines (NILs) derived from the Spanish cultivar Piel de Sapo (PS) and the exotic Korean accession Shongwan Charmi (PI 161375). Fruits were cultivated in only one environment. These data were used to map 60 quantitative trait loci (QTLs): 18 for individual sugars, eight for sucrose equivalents, five for the glucose-to-fructose ratio, seven for the total sugar content and 21 for organic acids. Within the QTLs that were associated with the sugar profile, 27 defined the sugar content: eight for fructose, six for glucose, four for sucrose, and nine for sucrose equivalents. Although increased sweetness of selected NILs compared with the parental PS was achieved by an increased glucose or fructose content, only glucose heritability was above 0.5. A total of 21 QTLs (two with positive effects and nineteen with detrimental effects compared with the PS levels) controlled the organic acid profile: l-glutamic, ascorbic and succinic acids (the principal ones) and fumaric, citric, oxalacetic, and isocitric acids. The levels of sugars imparted by the PI 161375 introgression frequently decreased the score grades given to NILs by consumers. Within the 32 QTLs mapped for sensory traits, 27 were associated with lower scores in taste (nine QTLs), sweetness (eight QTLs) or global quality appreciation (nine QTLs); two with increased fruit sourness or sweetness and three with increased fruit bitterness. The QTLs defined herein may assist breeders to understand the overall organoleptic balance (sweetness, sourness, and umami taste) in melon fruit, particularly those located within linkage groups III, V, VI, and VIII to XI.     

三系粳稻不育系开花习性与异交结实率的关系

以583A、7740A7、7237A、春江12A、春江16A、春江26A、99-44A、宁67A、旱稻A等9个不同柱头外露率和花时的三系粳稻不育系为母本,以粳稻恢复系CH89为父本,进行大田小区制种,对不育系的午前花率、柱头外露率与异交结实率之间的关系进行了分析。结果表明,不育系柱头外露率与异交结实率之间的简单相关系数和偏相关系数以及午前花率与异交结实率之间的简单相关系数均达到显著水平,异交结实率与柱头外露率、午前花率之间的复相关系数也达到显著水平。粳稻不育系异交结实率(y)与柱头外露率(x1)、午前花率(x2)的回归方程为y=26.06 0.51x1 0.28x2。通径分析表明,柱头外露率对粳稻不育系异交结实率起更重要的作用。对三系粳稻不育系的遗传改良及制种策略进行了讨论。     

Meiotic chromosome behavior in allotriploid cultivar of Lifium hybrids.

采用细胞遗传学方法,对Longiflorum×Asiatic系列异源三倍体百合‘Bonsoir’（2n=3x=36）小孢子母细胞减数分裂进行了研究和分析。结果显示,有64．31％的花粉具有活力,且有活力的花粉大小范围在986．33-3491．68μm2之间,并呈双峰分布。形成败育花粉的主要原因如下：高度不规则的染色体配对、落后染色体、染色体桥、不均等分离、微核等现象。另外,减数分裂中期Ⅱ纺锤体的异常定向导致了末期Ⅱ二分体和三分体的形成,产生未减数的配子,如融合纺锤体和三极纺锤体;但平行纺锤体和垂直纺锤体不参与未减数配子的形成。一些小孢子母细胞在胞质分裂过程中未形成细胞板,导致单分体的形成以及二分体和三分体的增加,提高了未减数配子的颛率。通讨对小袍子发毕讨稃中各种观象的观察．对异源=倍体百合存畜种申的府阳讲行讨论．     

2002-2004年国家大豆区试品种对大豆花叶病毒抗性的评价

在接种东北大豆产区SMV主要株系N1、N3和黄淮与南方大豆产区SMV株系Sa、SC3条件下,对最新育成的参加2002-2004年国家大豆区试的134个大豆品种进行了抗性评价,结果表明:接种4个株系后,分别有13个品种(东农L13、汾豆56、汾豆60、汾豆61、晋大74、K丰52-1、航天2号、辽03-20、辽95025-5-4、中作2-29、中豆32、科9208、油春32)和5个品种(铁95025-5-5、铁94037-6、汾豆69、冀99、冀鉴27)分别对4个株系和3个株系表现抗侵染,中黄4、中作016、吉林2001-14等25个品种对1-2个株系表现抗侵染;5个品种(公交03-1212、冀鉴37、秦豆9、淮02-02、滑豆20)对4个株系表现抗扩展.以上品种除可用于生产外,还可作为抗SMV育种的抗源.该批参试品种中,黄淮地区品种的平均病情指数最轻,其次是东北地区品种,然后长江流域,华南地区品种的病情最重.从不同类型品种的病情分析,按黄淮夏大豆、北方春大豆、南方夏大豆、南方春大豆、菜用大豆、热带多熟制大豆的顺序逐步加重.在田间条件下,免疫品种数量不多,占参试品种的7.9%,严重度为1级的高抗品种占47.5%,未发现严重度为4级的高感品种,表明多数品种田间抗性较好.     

Resistance Evaluation to Sheath Blight in Transgenic Rice Lines

Resistance of forty-one homozygous rice lines transformed with chitinase gene (RC24) and β-1,3 -glucanse gene β-1,3-Glu) to sheath blight was analyzed by inoculation. Among different lines, the resistance had significant differences according to the result by cluster analysis. The lines could be categorized into resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible and susceptible types, while 92.1% of which belonging to moderately resistant or moderately susceptible type. For different resistant or susceptible lines, the resistance to rice sheath blight was remarkable correlated with the chitinase activity of transgenic lines except resistant type lines, in which enzyme activity coded by target gene was lower than moderately resistant type. The chitinase activity of transgenic lines tested at different time after inoculation or different organs of the same plant was uniform, which suggested that the expression of chitinase gene was constitutive in nature. Check varieties chitinase activity would change at different time after inoculation and reach a peak at sometime, but it had no difference at various pans of the same plant.     

Yin-yang Balance Therapy on Regulating Cancer Stem Cells

Researches have shown that cancer stem cells,regulated by the niche where they reside,are the roots of oncogenesis,relapse and metastasis.To date,very few treatments have targeted on cancer stem cells....