Surgical repair of a mandibular degloving injury in a 5‐month‐old colt

A 5‐month‐old colt sustained a mandibular degloving injury and penetrating cheek wound after catching his cheek on a metal hook. Avulsion of the lower left lip and cheek exposed parts of the underlying labial surface, interalveolar margin and body of the mandible. The injury prevented the colt from closing his mouth completely and food accumulated between the degloved mandible and avulsed soft tissues. Surgical repair included 7 stented, transmandibular mattress sutures placed over the length of the interalveolar margin, closing the dead space and repositioning the avulsed soft tissues. The horse recovered without complications and functional as well as cosmetic outcome were excellent.     

同源异体骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗犬急性肝功能损伤

探讨同源异体骨髓间充质干细胞(BMMSCs)移植对犬急性肝功能损伤的治疗作用,为犬干细胞治疗相关疾病提供理论基础和技术支持。对患急性肝损伤的10只病犬经超声引导腹腔内肝门附近移植BMMSCs,移植后检测血常规、肝功能和肝脏B超,观察同期的症状体征和不良反应情况。结果显示,干细胞移植7天后可使患犬各项肝功能指标明显改善,10d后B超结果显示肝组织回声均匀,无明显异常,14d后患犬的精神、体力、食欲明显好转,干细胞移植21d后血常规各项指标恢复正常,患犬基本康复,移植干细胞的患犬均未发现有不良反应。说明相对于常规治疗,犬BMMSCs同源异体移植治疗急性肝损伤可明显缩短治疗时间,显著提高患犬生活质量。     

大片吸虫分泌排泄抗原对小鼠肝损伤的研究

为探究大片形吸虫分泌排泄物对小鼠肝脏的影响,将60只雌性昆明小鼠随机分为试验组和对照组各30只。每隔2天注射0.4mg FgESP 200μL,对照组注射PBS 200μL。于首次注射后第10天、4周、7周、14周、18周处死6只小鼠,观察肝脏表观病理变化,制做肝脏HE染色病理切片并测定血清中与肝功能密切相关的ALT、AST、ALP、ALB、GLB等生化指标的变化。肝脏眼观病理变化结果显示,试验组从第4周可见白色点状结节,症状随着时间的延长而加重;肝脏组织病理结果显示,从第2周开始小鼠肝脏出现空泡变性,至第18周出现大量炎性细胞浸润,并伴随轻度肝纤维化;生化指标动态变化结果显示,ALT、AST活性在整个试验进程中出现显著上升(P0.05),ALP活性在第4周~7周明显升高,之后降低(P0.05),ALB和GLB水平在整个试验进程中分别表现为显著下降和显著上升(P0.05),提示肝细胞可能发生变性、坏死导致血清中转氨酶活性升高,蛋白合成能力下降。本研究结果表明大片吸虫分泌排泄抗原(FgESP)可导致小鼠肝损伤,损伤程度随着FgESP的持续注射而加重。     

Combined effect of octreotide and Dachaihu decoction on treatment of severe acute pancreatitis

AIM: To investigate the combined effect of octreotide and Dachaihu decoction on the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP). METHODS: Wistar rats(n=50) were randomly divided into sham group, SAP group, octreotide group, Dachaihu decoction group and combination group. The quantity of ascites was measured. The levels of amylase, alanine aminotransferase and creatinine in the serum were examined. The morphological changes of the pancreatic tissues were observed by HE staining. The activation of NF-κB and IκBα expression were determined by Western blot. The mRNA expression with ICAM-1 and IL-1 was detected by qPCR.RESULTS: Combined treatment with octreotide and Dachaihu decoction effectively reduced the quantity of ascites and the levels of amylase, alanine aminotransferase and creatinine in the serum in SAP rats. Moreover, combined treatment significantly inhibited SAP-induced activation of NF-κB and decrease in IκBα protein expression, accompanied by a decrease in ICAM-1 and IL-1 mRNA expression. CONCLUSION: Combination of octreotide with Dachaihu decoction effectively attenuates SAP by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway and ICAM-1 and IL-1 expression.     

Research progress of mitochondrial biogenesis and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

Mitochondria are important intracellular energy supply organelles. As semi-autonomous organelles, the mitochondrial biogenesis, damage and clearance were the dynamic processes, which are dual-regulated by mitochondrial genes and nuclear genes, and maintain mitochondrial homeostasis according to the needs of the cells for energy. Recent studies provide evidence that the disorder of mitochondrial biogenesis in the neurons participates in the pathological process after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, resulting in metabolic disturbance and cell apoptosis. This paper reviews the research progress of mitochondrion and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.     

Botulinum neurotoxin type A heavy chain intervenes in expression of general proteins in spinal cord after unilateral spinal cord injury in rats

AIM: To observe the effect of botulinum neurotoxin type A heavy chain (BoNT/A HC) on the pattern of spinal protein expression by intrathecal injection after spinal cord injury in rats, and to explore the role of BoNT/A HC intervention in spinal protein expression and some of its mechanisms in nerve regeneration after injury. METHODS: The model of unilateral lumbar spinal cord injury was established. The effects of BoNT/A HC intervention at different doses (2 μg, 4 μg, 6 μg and 8 μg) on the general pattern of protein expression in the spinal cord tissues at the injury site and the cranial part adjacent to the injury site was measured and evaluated by SDS-PAGE and Coomassie brilliant blue staining first, and then by two-dimensional SDS-PAGE. RESULTS: The histological structure of the ipsilateral side of lumbar spinal cord showed obvious destruction and degradation, mainly affecting both gray and white matter of the left side of the cord. The result of SDS-PAGE with Coomassie brilliant blue staining from injured spinal cord tissue displayed that the expression of some proteins after one-time BoNT/A HC treatment appeared obviously different from that without BoNT/A HC treatment. Moreover, the pattern of the protein expression affected by BoNT/A HC was similar to that of the normal spinal cord. The more detail information from two-dimensional SDS-PAGE indicated that more than 10 proteins with different molecular weight and isoelectronic points were differentially expressed at day 2 and day 20 after local injection of 6 μg BoNT/A HC. This altered expression actually appeared a tendency toward the pattern shown in normal group. CONCLUSION: The immediate application of BoNT/A HC at the injury site after unilateral lumbar spinal cord injury is able to affect the pattern of local protein expression. The altered protein expression by injury could be reversed back to normal or approximately normal by local BoNT/A HC administration.