Precursor‐targeted immune‐mediated anemia in a dog with a stage IV mast cell tumor and bone marrow infiltration

A 12‐year‐old spayed female Shiba Inu dog was referred to our hospital for a suspected mast cell tumor (MCT) of the bone marrow (BM). Laboratory abnormalities included severe nonregenerative anemia (packed cell volume or PCV: 12.5%; reference interval (RI): 37.3‐61.7%; reticulocytes: 35.1 × 10³/µL; RI: 10‐110 × 10³/µL), and a few mast cells were visualized in the blood smear examination. The BM was hypercellular with hematopoietic cells, a decreased myeloid:erythroid (M:E) ratio (0.77; RI, 0.9‐1.8), and no dysplastic hematopoietic cells. Mast cells accounted for 11.5% of the total nucleated BM cells. Neoplastic mast cells and histiocytes phagocytizing erythroid progenitor cells were occasionally noted. The dog was diagnosed with precursor‐targeted immune‐mediated anemia (PIMA) concurrent and a stage IV MCT infiltrating the BM. Multimodal treatment included toceranib, imatinib, vinblastine, lomustine (CCNU), prednisolone, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and a blood transfusion. The dog died due to MCT progression lasting 139 days after the initial BM examination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a dog presenting with PIMA and a stage IV MCT infiltrating the BM.     

Association of growth traits with a structural variation downstream of the KCNJ11 gene: a large population-based study in chickens

ABSTRACT

1. The potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily J member 11 gene (KCNJ11) is involved in the insulin secretion pathway. Studies have shown that mutation in this gene is associated with muscle weakness. The objective of the present study was to establish the association between KCNJ11 gene polymorphism and chicken growth performance and to analyse its expression pattern.

2. A novel 163-bp insertion/deletion (indel) polymorphism was identified in the region downstream of the KCNJ11 gene in 2330 individuals from ten populations by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). An F₂ resource population was used to investigate the genetic effects of the chicken KCNJ11 gene. Association analysis showed that the indel was significantly associated with chicken growth traits and that the phenotypic value of the ins-ins (II) genotype is higher than that of the ins-del (ID) and del-del (DD) genotypes.

3. Gene expression for different genotypes showed that birds carrying the II allele had a higher expression level than the DD genotypes. Analysis of tissue and spatiotemporal expression patterns indicated that the KCNJ11 gene was highly expressed in muscle tissues, with the highest levels in muscle tissue at one week of age, and that a 10% crude protein diet reduced the expression of this gene, average daily gain and muscle fibre diameter.

4. The results suggested that this novel 163-bp indel has the potential to become a new target for marker-assisted selection.     

Influence of estradiol-17β, testosterone, and 11-ketotestosterone on testicular development, serum steroid hormone, and gonadotropin secretion in male red sea bream Pagrus major

ABSTRACT:   In order to investigate the influence of estrogen and androgen on reproductive activities of male teleosts, male red sea bream were implanted with silicone capsules containing estradiol-17β (E2), testosterone (T) or 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) in immature and early spermatogenic stages. One month after implantation of either E2 or T, the gonadosomatic index decreased in accordance with testicular regression in both stages. Implantation of E2 decreased circulating 11-KT levels but did not affect gonadotropin (GTH) subunits, follicle stimulating hormone-β (FSHβ), luteinizing hormone-β (LHβ), α glycoprotein subunit (αGSU) gene expression, and serum LH levels in both stages. Alternatively, T decreased serum 11-KT and LH levels, and FSHβ and LHβ mRNA levels in the early spermatogenic stage but not in the immature stage. These results suggest E2 may directly inhibit testicular development through the suppression of 11-KT production. Meanwhile, T may decrease serum 11-KT levels through the suppression of FSH and LH secretion, resulting to inhibition of testicular development in the early spermatogenic stage. Treatment with 11-KT did not affect the testis in either stage, whereas 11-KT increased LHβ and αGSU mRNA levels in immature, and decreased FSHβ mRNA levels in the early spermatogenic stage. These results suggest that 11-KT may have different effects on GTH subunit gene expression in each reproductive stage.     

Modulation of glycoprotein hormone α- and gonadotropin IIβ-subunit mRNA levels in the pituitary gland of mature male African catfish, Clarias gariepinus

The cDNAs encoding the glycoprotein hormone -subunit (GP) and the gonadotropin II-subunit (GTH II) were cloned from the pituitary gland of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Using RNase protection analysis, we studied the steady-state mRNA levels of GP as well as GTH II in the pituitary gland of adult male catfish. Castration of adult male catfish resulted in a significant decrease of GTH II mRNA levels, whereas there was no change in the GP mRNA levels. Treatment of intact males with a single dose of 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) resulted in dose-dependent increases in mRNA levels of both GP and GTH II. We conclude that 11-KT, a prominent, non-aromatizable teleost androgen, has a stimulatory effect on the pituitary mRNA levels of GP and GTH II of adult male fish.     

Endocrine changes during the annual reproductive cycle of the red porgy, Pagrus pagrus (Teleostei, Sparidae)

Changes in 17-estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), testosterone (T), 11-ketotestosterone (11KT), and 17,20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20-P) levels were correlated to changes in gonadosomatic index (GSI), vitellogenin concentration (Vg), ovarian and testicular histology during the annual reproductive cycle of the red porgy, Pagrus pagrus. The production of E2, E1, T and 17,20-P was confirmed by analysis of the steroidogenic activity of ovaries. In females, the average concentration of E2 was lower than 2 ng ml^–1. E2 values first increased significantly at the stage of endogenous vitellogenesis and remained high during exogenous vitellogenesis. E1 levels were lower values than E2 (less than 300 pg ml^–1), but they increased at the beginning of exogenous vitellogenesis. Estrogens concentrations followed similar pattern to Vg and were significantly correlated. Mean levels of T were mostly lower than 1 ng ml^–1. They followed a pattern similar to that of E2 except for a further increase observed at the stage of final maturation. T and E2 levels were significantly correlated. The concentration of 11KT did not change significantly. The levels of 17,20-P ranged between 0.22 and 1.22 ng ml^–1 but changes were not related to gametogenesis. In males, the concentrations of T and 11KT fluctuated significantly during the sexual maturity stages, showing a similar pattern and were significantly correlated to GSI changes. T levels increased during spermiogenesis and spermiation stages to reach about 3 ng ml^–1. 11KT levels stayed about half those of T. The levels of estrogens showed no significant changes. Level of 17,20-P showed no significant variation related to male maturity. Results are discussed in relation to changes in plasma steroid levels during gametogenesis of other multiple spawner species.     

Androgen metabolism in the skin of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Pieces of skin of male and female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were incubated with testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone as substrates. In immature fish the conversion rate was low. In non-spawning adult males 11-ketotestosterone was reduced to 5α-11KDHT (up to 5.2%). In the fish in spawning condition the 5α-reduction rate was only about 1 to 2%. In the same specimens incubated with testosterone a high 11β-hydroxylase activity (23.8-25% in the male and 13% in the female skin) was found. Similar sex specific differences were observed for the occurence of 5α-reduced metabolites (about 20% in the male and 13% in the female tissue).

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Résumé Des fragments de peau de truites arc en ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss, males ou femelles, ont été incubés avec de la testostérone ou de la 11-cétotestostérone, utilisées comme substrats. Chez les poissons immatures, les taux de conversion restent faibles. Chez les males adultes ne donnant pas de sperme, la 11-cétotestostérone est réduite en 5α-androstane-17β-ol-3,11-dione (jusqu'à 5.2%). Chezles poissons en conditions de fraie, le taux de 5α-réduction est seulement de l'ordre de 1 à 2%. Pour ce derniers individus, les incubations de peau en présence de testostérone montrent l'existence d'une forte activité 11β-hydroxylase (23.8-25% pour le male, et 13% pour la femelle). Des différences liées au sexe sont observées de la même manière dans la production de métabolites 5α-réduits (environ 20% avec le tissu male et 13% avect le tissu femelle).

     

Influence of gonadotropic hormone-releasing hormone analog (GnRH-A) on plasma sex steroid profiles and milt production in male winter flounder,Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum)

The effects of gonadotropic hormone-releasing hormone analog (GnRH-A) treatment on the onset and duration of increases in plasma sex steroids and milt production (milt volume and number of spermatozoa) were investigated in prespawning male winter flounder. After treatment of maturing males during the winter with a single injection of either 20 or 200 g/kg [D-Ala⁶, Pro⁹-NHEt]LHRH (GnRH-A), plasma levels of testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone were increased within 12h and the steroid hormone levels remained elevated for long periods lasting several days. The androgenic steroid response of males was delayed after the administration of a lower dose of GnRH-A (2 g/kg). Although a single GnRH-A injection in December or January advanced the onset of spermiation in some males, only small amounts (<50 l) of milt could be collected. By March, all males were in spermiating condition following GnRH-A treatment; however, significant increases in sperm production, particularly increases in milt volume, occurred in fish twice treated with GnRH-A.Part of this work presented at the First Symposium of Fish Endocrinology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada June 1988 and the Satellite Symposium on Applications of Comparative Endocrinology to Fish Culture, Almuñecar, Granada, Spain May 1989     

水稻SUPERMAN类似基因ZOS11-11的表达分析及功能初探

SUPL(SUPERMAN-like)是一类单C2H2型锌指蛋白,SUPL基因在植物生长发育过程中起着重要的调控作用.利用生物信息学分析方法,我们从水稻中找到了一个SUPL基因ZOS11-11,它位于水稻第11号染色体上,编码245个氨基酸.序列分析结果表明,ZOS11-11具有与其它SUPL蛋白相同的功能结构域,包括...     

猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒HuN4株nsp9、nsp10、nsp11对毒力影响的研究

为研究高致病性猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒非结构蛋白对病毒毒力的影响,本研究通过反向遗传操作技术将高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒HuN4株的非结构蛋白编码区nsp9、nsp10、nsp11分别置换弱毒疫苗株HuN4-F112中的相应片段,经间接免疫荧光鉴定拯救的重组病毒,分别命名为rHuN4-F112-nsp9、rHuN4-F112-nsp10、rHuN4-F112-nsp11,测序证实HuN4强毒nsp9、nsp10、nsp11片段正确替换入HuN4-F112骨架。拯救病毒在Marc-145细胞上的生长曲线显示,rHuN4-F112-nsp9和rHuN4-F112-nsp10在前24 h的复制速度明显高于rHuN4-F112-nsp11和拯救的母源毒rHuN4-F112,36 h后无明显差别。将拯救病毒以105TCID50剂量接种仔猪,对体温、临床症状、病毒血症、组织器官病变情况进行观察和检测。结果显示,拯救病毒rHuN4-F112-nsp9、rHuN4-F112 nsp10、rHuN4-F112 nsp11在致病性、发热以及病毒血症强度上与rHuN4-F112无显著差异,提示单独nsp9、nsp10、nsp11对病毒致病性以及病毒在体内的复制无影响。     

甜椒CMS三系配套新品种龙椒11号的选育

龙椒11号是利用甜椒胞质雄性不育三系配套育成的甜椒一代杂种,以法国甜椒自交后代分离出的不育源作为转育亲本,经过8代轮回选择得到稳定不育系Z4-2A、保持系02-5B,与恢复系02-7C杂交育成。中早熟,生育期110 d（天）左右,植株生长势强,株高60 cm左右,始花节位第9～10节,连续坐果能力强,果实长方形,果面光滑,纵径10～12 cm,横径8～9 cm,肉厚0.55 cm,单果质量125 g以上。嫩果绿色,成熟果红色,VC含量1 058 mg?kg-1,抗疫病、CMV。一般产量3 300 kg?（667 m2）-1左右,适于全国各地棚室栽培和露地秋延后栽培。