豫西丘陵地区果牧结合立体生态园设计的探讨

根据豫西丘陵地区生态、经济、社会条件以及目前农牧业生产中存在的突出问题，提出果牧结合立体生态园建设是该地区生态农业发展的重要途径。并在调查和初步研究基础上设计了“畜（禽）—果”、“畜（禽）—沼—果”等果牧结合模式，分析了生态园建设研究中要探讨的具体内容。     

水头可调薄壁堰式渠道流量智能测控系统优化试验研究

采用巴赞堰流公式计算流量的水头可调薄壁堰式渠道流量智能测控系统通过渠道流量量测与控制试验,验证了其精准的测流功能和智能控制技术的可行性。为进一步提高该测控系统运行的效率和稳定性,减少运行能耗,对矩形薄壁堰堰流公式进行水力试验研究,通过分析堰上水头和流量关系,拟合出矩形薄壁堰流量计算公式。通过向该拟合公式引入修正系数λ=0.848,将测控系统测得的堰上水头数据值代入该拟合公式求得的流量值与电磁流量计测得流量值的差值的平均值为-0.004L/s,标准差为0.119,线性相关系数R2=0.989 1。该拟合公式相对于巴赞堰流公式形式简单、参数较少、运算简便,同时也满足节水灌溉对精准测流的要求,更适用于水头可调薄壁堰式渠道流量智能测控系统,对于在灌区推广和使用该测控系统具有重要的意义。     

Effects of water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation on post mortem glycolysis,AMP‐activated protein kinase and meat quality of broilers after transport during summer

Effects of water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation on post mortem glycolysis, adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and meat quality of broilers after transport during summer were investigated in the present paper. A total of 105 mixed‐sex Arbor Acres broilers were divided into three treatment groups: (i) 45 min transport without rest (T); (ii) 45 min transport with 1 h rest (TR); and (iii) 45 min transport with 15 min water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation and 45 min rest (TWFR). Each treatment consisted of five replicates with seven birds each. The results indicated that the water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation could mitigate the stress caused by transport under high temperature conditions during summer, which reduced the energy depletion in post mortem Pectoralis major (PM) muscle. This resulted in a higher energy status compared to the T group, which would decrease the expression of phosphorylation of AMPK (p‐AMPK). Furthermore, decreased the expression of p‐AMPK then slowed down the rate of glycolysis in post mortem PM muscle during the early post mortem period, which in turn lessened the negative effects caused by transport on meat quality. In conclusion, water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation may be a better method to control the incidence of the pale, soft and exudative meat in broilers.     

外包钢加固法的安全性防范措施研究

采用外包角钢加固的钢筋混凝土柱,其加固效果和安全性与诸多因素,如加固设计、加固施工工艺、加固端锚固构造、加固角钢的增钢率与增箍率、原柱所处的应力状态、使用过程中的维护管理等有关。对外包钢加固钢筋混凝土柱过程中影响其加固效果和安全性的诸多因素的安全性防范措施进行了初步的分析研究和探讨。     

河西绿洲灌区留茬覆盖免耕保护性耕作的增产节水效应

试验设20 cm留茬压倒(NPS20),40 cm留茬压倒(NPS40),40 cm立秆(NS40),20 cm立秆(NS20),6 750kg/hm2覆盖(NSB40),3 750 kg/hm2覆盖(NSB20)和传统耕作(CT)7个处理,在节水1 950 m3/hm2的条件下,研究了不同的秸秆覆盖量、留茬高度和秸秆处理对小麦产量、水分利用效率(WUE)和不同时期土壤水分的影响。结果表明,留茬覆盖免耕保护性耕作提高了春小麦的产量,NPS20,NPS40,NS40,NS20,NSB40和NSB20较CT分别增产53.08%,46.59%,40.81%,19.93%,17.33%和4.34%;留茬覆盖免耕保护性耕作提高了春小麦的水分利用效率(WUE)(NPS20,NS40,NPS40,NS20,NSB40,NSB20分别较CT提高58.02%,43.40%,47.27%,23.78%,20.69%,8.56%),但增加了小麦生育期土壤水分支出;不同处理在不同时期对土壤水分的影响不同。     

杂交水稻制种提高结实率的研究

杂交水稻制种不同于水稻栽培、其结实由柱头外露结实和非柱头外露结实两部分构成；空壳中90％以上是由于没有授粉受精造成的：90％以上的受精拉都能正常发育结实。柱头外露率和受精率与结实率呈显著正相关。后期施肥、父本大龄秧和机械授粉能有效地提高柱头外露率、花遇优度和结实率及制种产量。     

Dropwise Condensation Heat Transfer Coefficient on the Horizontal Circular Surface with Radial Gradient Surface Energy

A theoretical model is developed for the dropwise condensation heat transfer on the horizontal circular surface with radial gradient surface energy based on the heat transfer model of individual condensate drop and the size distribution model of condensate drop on homogeneous condensation surface.The effect of variation of contact angle on the gradient surface on condensation heat transfer and condensate drop size distribution is taken account of in this model.The theoretical calculation method was obtained to predict the dropwise condensation heat transfer coefficient on the horizontal circular surface with radial gradient surface energy under various wall subcooled temperature,contact angle profile on wall surface,and working fluid.The effects of surface energy gradient,wall subcooled temperature,and thermophysical properties of condensate on the condensation heat transfer are discussed respectively.The calculation results show that the condensation heat transfer coefficient increases slightly with the increase of wall subcooled temperature.As latent heat and surface tension increasing,the condensation heat transfer coefficient increases.A larger surface energy gradient induces a larger condensation heat transfer coefficient.     

Optimization of Curve Fitting Used in Development of Magic Formula Tire Model

Characteristics of a tire are the foundation of vehicle dynamics studying, especially play a vital role in vehicle handling study. It is necessary to establish a tire model in the simulation for vehicle handling because the tire characteristics got by test can not be satisfied.The optimization of fitting to the tire test data curves by Magic Formula is discussed, included the digitalization of tire test data curves, designing objective functions and optimization processes,etc. Finally the parameters in Magic Formula tire model are obtained and they lay a foundation for the development of vehicle handling aftertime.