玉米秸秆低温高效降解复合菌系GF-20的温度和pH适应性研究

【目的】研究不同条件下复合菌系的秸秆分解能力和酶活性,评价该复合菌系的功能稳定性及适应性,为进一步完善该复合菌系的筛选技术及其应用提供理论依据。【方法】以复合菌系GF-20为研究对象,在不同温度和pH值条件下连续继代培养,测定所得复合菌系的滤纸分解特性、玉米秸秆降解率、发酵液pH值、纤维素酶和半纤维素酶活性,以评价复合菌系的功能稳定性。【结果】在温度4~30℃、pH 6.0~9.0时,经过15代的继代培养,复合菌系GF-20在培养的108~140h可分解滤纸纤维素,玉米秸秆降解率保持在30%以上,发酵液pH值随发酵时间的延长趋近于中性,pH调节能力良好,纤维素酶活性为1.22~2.34 U/mL,半纤维素酶活性为12.82~14.23U/mL。【结论】复合菌系GF-20可在较大的温度和pH范围内保持较高的纤维素和半纤维素酶活性,能发挥秸秆降解作用,具有良好的开发潜力和应用前景。     

Synthesis and insecticidal activity of benzoheterocyclic analogues of N'-benzoyl-N-(tert-butyl)benzohydrazide: Part 3. Modification of N-tert-butylhydrazine moiety

Nineteen analogues were synthesized by modifying the tert-butylhydrazine moieties of N'-tert-butyl-N'-(3,5-dimethylbenzoyl)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-6-carbohydrazide and N'-tert-butyl-N'-(3,5-dimethylbenzoyl)-5-methylchromane-6-carbohydrazide (chromafenozide), and the synthesized analogues were evaluated for their insecticidal activity against Spodoptera litura F. While all of the synthesized analogues had insecticidal activity inferior to those of the lead compounds, several of the analogues nonetheless showed high insecticidal activity. Chromafenozide has shown very high selectivity toward lepidopteran species.     

高产高蛋白大豆皖豆28新品种选育及栽培技术

[目的]介绍高蛋白大豆新品种皖豆28的选育及栽培技术。[方法]皖豆28由安徽省农业科学院作物研究所于1996年以濮90-1为母本,宝92-1为父本进行有性杂交,经系谱法选择和海南加代选育而成。描述了该品种的产量表现及品种特征特性,并介绍了其栽培技术和试验示范情况。[结果]皖豆28参加2005～2006年国家夏大豆品种区域试验,2年平均产量2 455.65 kg/hm2,比对照品种增产4.42%,并表现丰产、稳产、抗病、抗倒伏。该品种生育期107 d,单株有效荚数35.2个,百粒重22.1 g,籽粒蛋白质含量45.83%,脂肪含量19.94%,最佳种植密度为22.5万～27.0万株/hm2,在中高肥力田块易获高产。[结论]皖豆28是高产、大粒、高蛋白夏大豆新品种,适宜在黄淮海南部地区作中熟夏大豆种植。     

Antibacterial Activity of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus

New compounds are needed to treat acne and superficial infections caused by Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus due to the reduced effectiveness of agents used at present. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are attracting attention as potential new topical treatments for Gram-positive infections due to their antimicrobial potency and anti-inflammatory properties. This present study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effects of six LC-PUFAs against P. acnes and S. aureus to evaluate their potential to treat infections caused by these pathogens. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined against P. acnes and S. aureus, and the LC-PUFAs were found to inhibit bacterial growth at 32–1024 mg/L. Generally, P. acnes was more susceptible to the growth inhibitory actions of LC-PUFAs, but these compounds were bactericidal only for S. aureus. This is the first report of antibacterial activity attributed to 15-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (15-OHEPA) and 15-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (HETrE), while the anti-P. acnes effects of the six LC-PUFAs used herein are novel observations. During exposure to the LC-PUFAs, S. aureus cells were killed within 15–30 min. Checkerboard assays demonstrated that the LC-PUFAs did not antagonise the antimicrobial potency of clinical agents used presently against P. acnes and S. aureus. However, importantly, synergistic interactions against S. aureus were detected for combinations of benzoyl peroxide with 15-OHEPA, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) and HETrE; and neomycin with 15-OHEPA, DGLA, eicosapentaenoic acid, γ-linolenic acid and HETrE. In conclusion, LC-PUFAs warrant further evaluation as possible new agents to treat skin infections caused by P. acnes and S. aureus, especially in synergistic combinations with antimicrobial agents already used clinically.     

Intra‐annual changes in reproductive indices of male and female Himalayan snow trout,Schizothorax richardsonii (Gray, 1832)

Periodic changes in reproductive hormone levels, gonadal histology and gonadosomatic index (GSI) of snow trout, Schizothorax richardsonii, were examined to ascertain annual cycle of gonadal development and reproductive status in their natural habitat. In females, there were coherent changes in plasma 17β‐oestradiol and vitellogenin along with GSI, oocyte maturation and vitellogenic progression, collectively indicating two distinct maturation peaks during the months of September and February. Coinciding with this, in males, plasma 11‐keto testosterone was also noticeably higher during September and February, with highest GSI values in September. However, plasma 17α, 20β‐dihydroxyprogesterone levels in males were found to be persistently high from September to February. This observation suggests the potential presence of matured oozing males over a longer period, unlike in females. Overall, the close association between reproductive hormone levels, GSI and gonadal maturation stages in males and females (particularly, the presence of postovulatory follicle complexes) with apparent natural synchronization clearly indicates that S. richardsonii breeds twice in a year, possibly during late September to early November and late February to early April in the coldwater riverine habitats of the Indian Himalayan region.     

应用CPV林间防治越冬代马尾松毛虫试验

应用CPV林间进行越冬代马尾松毛虫防治试验,结果表明不同剂量CPV与1/100000的20%氰戊菊酯乳油复配能显著提高CPV的林间杀虫效果。林间以CPV2.4×106~1.5×105多角体/ml与1/100000的20%氰戊菊酯乳油复配防治越冬代马尾松毛虫为宜,13天幼虫死亡率可达85%以上。     

鲁西南地区10个小麦品种丰产性和稳产性分析

为更科学的分析评价鲁西南地区主栽的10个小麦品种丰产性和稳定性,本研究利用联合方差分析、线性回归分析和AMMI模型对 3个试验地点产量数据进行分析。结果表明,菏麦20、济麦22和周麦22丰产性和稳定性表现优异,周麦18、烟农999和山农20属于丰产性较好稳产性一般的品种,良星99和山农28属于稳产性好丰产性一般的品种,青农2号稳产性较好丰产性较差,但矮抗58丰产性和稳产性均较差但在E3具有特定区域适应性。     

Pseudomonas sp.20#-5防治烟草黑胫病田间试验初报

20^#-5菌株是本实验室从土壤中分离保存的1株假单胞菌,2006年对其发酵液防治烟草黑胫病进行了田间防效试验。结果显示,不同发病时期20^#-5菌发酵液的防治效果在64.39%～79.70%,高于对照药剂,防治效果较好。不同施药时期调查结果表明,发病前施用20^#-5菌发酵液的防治效果要好于发病后施用,说明20^#-5菌发酵液对烟草黑胫病具有有效的预防作用。     

高产优质面包用春小麦新品种甘春20号配麦特性研究

为了了解高产、优质、面包用春小麦新品种甘春 2 0号的配麦特性 ,为面粉加工企业通过配麦技术生产成本较低的专用面粉提供科学依据 ,将甘春 2 0号 (蛋白质和湿、干面筋含量依次为 12 .5 %、34.8%、11.8% ,属强筋小麦 )与宁春 18号 (蛋白质和湿、干面筋含量依次为 10 .9%、2 8.6 %、10 .5 % ,属中筋小麦 )和高台麦 (蛋白质和湿、干面筋含量依次为 9.3%、2 5 .2 %、8.7% ,属弱筋小麦 )的籽粒按不同比例 (重量比 )进行搭配后 ,测定蛋白质品质、面团流变学特性和面包、馒头、面条加工品质。结果表明 ,在甘春 2 0号中搭配 10 %～ 4 0 %的宁春 18号或 10 %的高台麦后 ,蛋白质和湿、干面筋含量仍然较高 ,依次在 11.8%、2 9.7%、10 .3%以上 ,并且仍具有较高的面包评分 (>87.2分 ) ,同时可显著改善宁春 18号和高台麦的面条品质 (搭配后的面条评分在 86 .7分以上 ,分别比宁春 18号和高台麦的面条评分高出 9.3和 2 0 .0分以上 ) ;在甘春 2 0号中搭配 10 %～ 30 %的宁春 18号 ,可显著改善甘春 2 0号和宁春 18号的馒头品质 (搭配后的馒头评分在 88.5分以上 ,分别比甘春 2 0号和宁春 18号的馒头评分高出 5 .2和 2 .7分以上 )。甘春 2 0号为面包、馒头、面条兼用型品种 ,宁春 18号是优质馒头小麦 ,而高台麦只能作为搭配     

Multiple intestinal lymphomatous polyposis in a Jindo dog

A male, 5-year-old Jindo dog underwent enterectomy and enteroanastomosis due to ileus of the intestine at a local veterinary hospital. Grossly, the excised intestine showed markedly thickened multinodular masses in the serosal layer of the upper part, and soft-to-firm, cream-colored neoplastic masses that displayed extensive nodular mucosal protuberances into the lumen. The neoplastic masses were filled with large round cells that were ovoid in shape and they had pale and/or hyperchromatic nuclei. The neoplastic cells had mainly infiltrated into the mucosal and submucosal layers, and they had diffusely invaded the muscular and serosal layers. Therefore, the diagnosis of canine multiple intestinal malignant lymphomatous polyposis was made based on the gross and histopathological findings. The origin of these tumor cells was determined to be B-cells since they were positive for anti-CD20.