GAMEDE: A global activity model for evaluating the sustainability of dairy enterprises. Part II – Interactive simulation of various management strategies with diverse stakeholders

GAMEDE is a stock-flow dynamic simulation model designed with farmers to represent dairy farm functioning and the consequences of the farmer’s daily management decisions for whole-farm sustainability. Sustainability is evaluated according to its three pillars: technico-economic viability, respect for environment, and social liveability. The model provides original information for a better understanding of the processes regulating nitrogen dynamics within the farm, and the factors determining farmers’ decisions and practices. Model implementation experiments have revealed that GAMEDE is also a useful tool to support discussions and to generate knowledge exchange among various stakeholders who play an important role in the development of farm sustainability: farmers, extension agents and researchers.While a majority of researchers and advisers are specialised and a majority of farmers fix their attention on specific and narrow themes of farm management, such a comprehensive model can help stakeholders complement their knowledge to gain a holistic view of the farming system. This holistic and integrated view is crucial: (i) for researchers who wish to explain diversity in farming systems and understand decisional and biophysical processes and their interrelated effects operating in such complex agro-ecosystems, (ii) for advisers whose aim is to define alternative management strategies applicable in practice, i.e. taking into account farm specificities, and (iii) for farmers who must choose practices compatible with their resources, assets, constraints and objectives.Holism can also improve versatility and thus the generic character of models. Issues are narrowly specified and greatly vary both among categories of stakeholders (e.g. scientists versus farmers) and within each category (e.g. among farmers). A comprehensive model that: (i) details all farm management operations, and (ii) represents their effects on different spatio-temporal levels and on the three sustainability dimensions, is more likely to respond to the various issues facing different stakeholders. We argue that capacity of models to respond to stakeholders’ questions has to be considered in future evaluations of decision support systems.     

一种可远距离通信的分布式桥梁监测系统

分析了便携式索力监测系统存在的问题；介绍了可远程通信的分布式桥梁监测系统的硬件和软件设计；深入探讨多机通信中一对一通信的具体实现方法；对CAN总线技术和解决冲突的方法进行了简要的讨论；由于采用光隔超远程驱动器CAN-232G，所设计的系统具有通信距离远、实时性好、检测点多的明显优点。     

Visual Basic语言的教学研究

本文通过分析Visual Basic语言的窗口使用、变量定义、顺序结构程序设计、选择结构程序设计在教学中可能出现的问题,提出了如何设计教学内容,以使学生更好地掌握所学知识。     

基于VB和SAPI的语音录入的实现

介绍了基于VB和SAPI实现语音录入的方法     

基于Visual C++的精确定时技术与应用

为了保证实时控制系统的控制精度,往往要求能精确定时。在Visual C＋＋中提供多种定时方案,对常见的几种定时方法进行了对比、分析。针对精准施药系统的定时要求,分别采用Ouery Performance—Frequency（）和QueryPerformancecounter（）函数及多媒体两种方法进行定时。经过测试,表明两种方法均能够满足系统提出的定时精度要求,但前者与计算机的硬件配置有关,因此在精准施药系统中采用基于多媒体的定时方法。     

RS-232串口在阴燃取暖炉数据采集系统中的应用

详细介绍了RS-232串口通信的工作方式和引脚定义,设计出基于VB6.0串口通信的数据采集系统,并在自制的阴燃取暖炉试验中进行稳定地对XK3103B电子秤和红外气体分析仪进行数据采集,采集到的燃料重量和气体成分等数据存入同一个文件,可以进行各种实验数据的对比,分析等。结果表明,在通信速率要求不高的情况下,利用微机的串行通信接口实现的数据采集系统具有成本较低、开发容易、使用灵活的特点。     

Tractor_PT: A traction prediction software for agricultural tractors

Traction prediction modelling, a key factor in farm tractor design, has been driven by the need to find the answer to this question without having to build physical prototypes. A wide range of theories and their respective algorithms can be used in such predictions.The “Tractors and Tillage” research team at the Polytechnic University of Madrid, which engages, among others, in traction prediction for farm tractors, has developed a series of programs based on the cone index as the parameter representative of the terrain. With the software introduced in the present paper, written in Visual Basic, slip can be predicted in two- and four-wheel drive tractors using any one of four models. It includes databases for tractors, front tyres, rear tyres and working conditions (soil cone index and drawbar pull exerted). The results can be exported in spreadsheet format.     

基于特色景观视野的长沙市城市识别系统创建

基于长沙市城市景观特色视野,将长沙市城市景观分为背景景观、轮廓景观、建筑及人文景观、园林与绿色景观4类,具体分析了各类景观的组成及其景观特色,并将其用于长沙市城市识别系统构建中。笔者在构建长沙市城市识别系统时以理念识别系统、视觉识别系统、行为识别系统、听觉识别系统、环境识别系统5个子系统为脉络,具体分析了各子系统的组成。将理念识别系统分解为以城市中心点为中心、由自然景观带环绕、覆盖历史沉淀面的特色景观系统;通过市花、市树、吉祥物、标准色的应用组建长沙市视觉识别系统;将行为识别系统分解为娱乐之都、古城行为习俗;将听觉识别系统分解为城市街道听觉识别、自然景观听觉识别、商业景观听觉识别3部分;从生态环境的角度构建环境识别系统。笔者认为,长沙市城市识别系统的建立对其经济发展具有直接促进作用,对长沙市识别系统的研究有待进一步深入。     

老年人视觉及其公园利用的研究

本文通过有偿配合的方式对540位老年人进行实验和调查研究。得到老年人公园利用过程中视觉方面的相关指标,并据此为适合老年人利用的公园提供了具体的数据指导。     

Visual Basic在农药田间药效试验统计分析中的应用

介绍应用Visual Basic进行农药田间药效试验统计分析的计算程序,并以实例说明该程序的使用方法和应用技巧。结果表明,用户只需输入试验的原始数据,即可快速进行药效试验的统计分析,并可对各因素间的差异显著性进行比较,其计算结果与专业统计软件DPS相比,二者计算结果基本一致,且该方法快捷方便,操作简单,而且结果准确可靠,可大大提高药物配方优化的效率。