不同砧木对藤稔葡萄光合特性的影响

以少毛变叶葡萄191(LDP-191)、LN33、巨峰为砧木,藤稔为接穗,利用CI-310便携式光合测定仪对在自然条件下藤稔葡萄3种嫁接苗和自根苗的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、光合有效辐射和胞间CO2浓度进行了测定。结果表明:3种嫁接苗与自根苗在晴天的净光合速率的日变化均呈双峰曲线,且3种嫁接组合的净光合速率明显比自根苗的净光合速率高;藤稔自根苗的日均气孔导度明显高于藤稔/LDP-191、藤稔/LN33;不同砧木嫁接的藤稔葡萄光合特性有明显差异,而LDP-191砧木与自根苗相比除净光合速率外其他光合指标均有显著性差异,说明LDP-191砧木对藤稔葡萄是较好的砧木。     

簇毛麦1V染色体臂的EST STS标记的开发与应用

为了给小麦远缘亲本的研究和利用提供参考,根据已定位于普通小麦1DS和1BL上的EST序列设计96对STS引物,对中国春、簇毛麦、中国春-簇毛麦的1V附加系和易位系进行多态性分析,开发出4个簇毛麦1V染色体臂的STS标记。其中,BE499250-STS和BE591682-STS/RsaⅠ为共显性标记,可以扩增出1条1VS片段,同时还可以扩增出1条1DS片断,能将1DS和1AS、1BS区分开来;BE581358-STS/HaeⅢ和BE585781-STS/RsaⅠ是显性标记,能分别扩增出2条和1条1VL片段,但扩增的小麦染色体片段不能区分1DL和1A、1B。这些标记已成功地应用于小麦-簇毛麦整臂互补易位系T1DL.1V#3S和T1DSo1V.3L的筛选。     

"兰箭3号"春箭筈豌豆叶绿体全基因组草图及特征分析

箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)是自花授粉的二倍体一年生豆科牧草,可为我国高海拔地区的反刍动物提供优质蛋白粗饲料。以"兰箭3号"春箭筈豌豆为研究对象,采用DNase I法纯化叶绿体,利用第二代高通量测序平台Illumina Hiseq2000进行测序,并对"兰箭3号"叶绿体全基因组序列的结构特征进行分析。结果表明,"兰箭3号"叶绿体基因组仅包括一个单拷贝的反向重复序列,其叶绿体全基因组大小为121 883bp,共编码了109个基因,包括4个核糖体RNA(rRNA)基因,29个转运RNA(tRNA)基因,75个蛋白质编码基因和1个假基因。"兰箭3号"在叶绿体基因组结构、基因种类、排列顺序上与其它豆科植物基本一致。其叶绿体全基因组序列已在GenBank注册,序列号为KU053796。"兰箭3号"叶绿体全基因组测序的成功为叶绿体分子生物学研究奠定了基础,并可有效地促进箭筈豌豆遗传育种和分子进化研究。     

Effects of resistance of Eremocitrus glauca and Microcitrus australis to viroid infection: replication,accumulation and long‐distance movement of six citrus viroids

In studies to identify genotypes resistant to infection with citrus viroids, Eremocitrus glauca and Microcitrus australis were selected because their evolution in their habitat in Australia and New Guinea may have led to the selection of unusual traits. The movement and accumulation of Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd), Hop stunt viroid, Citrus bent leaf viroid, Citrus dwarfing viroid, Citrus bark cracking viroid and Citrus viroid V (CVd‐V) in self‐rooted as well as in graft‐ propagated E. glauca and M. australis plants was assessed by northern hybridization, RT‐PCR and by topworking to the sensitive selection 861‐S1 of Etrog citron. In both plant species the inoculated viroids were undetectable unless these plants were grafted to a susceptible Citrus partner, the rough lemon rootstock and/or the topworked Etrog citron, which acted as viroid sources. The results obtained indicate that M. australis and in particular E. glauca are poor viroid hosts in which viroid replication/accumulation does not occur or is extremely inefficient. However, viroid downward and upward movement to grafted Citrus partners in which viroid replication and accumulation occurs efficiently was not impaired. Eremocitrus glauca and M. australis showed differences regarding their properties as viroid hosts, but for both species CEVd seemed to have the lowest affinity among the viroid species tested and CVd‐V the highest. Even though E. glauca and M. australis do not appear to be truly resistant to viroid infection, they are interesting genotypes for further characterization of the mechanisms involved in viroid infection.     

簇毛麦6V染色体短臂特异性EST标记的开发及缺失定位

为了准确鉴定簇毛麦6VS易位染色体小片段的长度和断点位置,根据定位于小麦第6部分同源群染色体短臂不同区段的EST序列,利用PRIMER5.0软件设计PCR引物,成功开发出3个对6V染色体短臂特异的分子标记(CINAU89-740、CINAU90-730、CINAU91-390)。利用小麦和簇毛麦第六部分同源群染色体短臂的12个缺失系对簇毛麦6VS的8个特异性分子标记进行了定位。标记CINAU88-381、CINAU17-1086、CINAU15-902分别被定位在FL值为0.79~0.99、0.58~1.00、0.46~0.58的染色体区段,标记CI-NAU91-390、CINAU90-730、CINAU16-1650被定位在FL值为0.35~0.45的染色体区段,标记CINAU18-723、CINAU89-740被定位在FL值为0.00~0.45的染色体区段。利用这8个分子标记可以更准确地鉴定6VS小片段易位的断点和片段长度。     

利用RP-HPLC法研究罗汉果采后贮藏期甜苷V的含量变化趋势

以RP-HPLC法检测罗汉果中甜苷V的含量,研究罗汉果采后不同贮藏期内甜苷V的含量变化趋势。结果表明:所检测的罗汉果在采后第1天甜苷V含量为0.3232%,第7天为0.3643%,第14天为0.3818%。由此可见,罗汉果在采后1~14 d的贮藏期间甜苷V含量依然会逐步增加,但前7 d增加较快,后7 d增加较慢。     

低压微网多逆变电源的综合控制策略设计

针对微电网通常是接入低压配电网的情况,分析了低压微电网输电线路与传统高压输电线路阻抗比的差异,对低压微网功率传输进行了理论修正.在此基础上采用不同的控制策略对低压微电网进行综合控制,联网模式下为了执行支撑本地电压和调节馈线潮流,微电源采用PQ控制策略;孤岛模式下为确保负荷能各自快速分担负载和电压频率稳定,微电源采用电压频率V/f下垂控制.为保证逆变器输出阻抗与线路阻抗相匹配,在逆变器控制策略中引入阻性虚拟阻抗,根据低压线路参数呈阻性的特点,对传统高压大电网下垂特性进行修正,通过旋转坐标正交变换矩阵,对电压频率V/f下垂控制进行了改进,使得传统的V/f下垂控制得以扩展应用于低压微网中．仿真验证分析,证明了低压微电网系统下设计的综合控制策略能够保证系统与运行的稳定性和可靠性.     

离子强度和磷酸盐对铁铝矿物及土壤吸附As（V）的影响

选用针铁矿、赤铁矿、水铁矿、水铝矿4种铁铝矿物以及性质差异较大的黑土、紫色土和红壤3种土壤,研究离子强度和磷酸盐对其吸附As（V）的影响。结果表明,在0．01、0．1、1mol·L^-13种离子强度下,矿物和土壤对As（V）的吸附量无明显差异或随离子强度增大而增大,其对砷的吸附以专性吸附为主。磷酸盐对矿物和土壤吸附砷的影响与其添加顺序及摩尔浓度比有关。水铝矿和水铁矿在这3种添加顺序下的砷吸附量无明显差异,仅在P／As摩尔比较大时表现出下降趋势;而在针铁矿和赤铁矿两种矿物上,先添加砷时的砷吸附量高于先添加磷时或两者同时添加时,且砷吸附量随WAs摩尔比的增加而逐渐下降。在黑土、紫色土和红壤上,先添加砷比先添加磷或两者同时添加时的砷吸附量均要高,尤其是在紫色土上。随P／As摩尔比升高,土壤对砷的吸附量表现出下降趋势。     

基于新城疫病毒V蛋白鉴别鸡群感染与免疫的间接ELISA方法的建立

本研究以新城疫病毒(NDV)V蛋白羧基端结构域(Vc)的重组蛋白为包被抗原,建立了用于检测NDV V蛋白抗体的间接ELISA方法,并采用该方法检测了鸡群免疫或接毒后血清中的V蛋白抗体水平。结果显示:两组不同NDV灭活疫苗组在免疫后的3周内检测结果均为阴性;两组灭活疫苗免疫3周后再人工感染NDV强毒的鸡群,攻毒后第7、14和21 d,NDV阳性率分别为60%、80%、70%和50%、80%、70%;两组不同的NDV弱毒疫苗免疫组鸡群,仅在免疫后第21 d阳性率分别为20%和10%。以上结果表明,NDV疫苗免疫组与强毒感染组的V蛋白抗体阳性率存在明显差异,本方法可在群体水平上区分新城疫疫苗免疫与强毒感染鸡群,为NDV血清学诊断和流行病学调查提供了一种新的检测手段。     

Effects of Polybrominated Diphenol Ethers from a Marine Sponge Phyllospongia dendyi on IL-8 Production in a PMA-stimulated Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line

The effects of five polybrominated diphenol ethers from a Marine Sponge, Phyllospongia dendyi, on the relative plating efficiencies in V79 cells and the cell proliferation and IL-8 production in PMA-stimulated HL-60 cells were examined. Three compounds, possessing two phenol units, were reported to inhibit the assembly of microtubule proteins and showed the inhibition of colony formation of V79 cells and increase in IL-8 production. Interestingly, a monomethoxy compound exhibited the stronger activity than the three active compounds in both bioassays. This compound did not inhibit the assembly of microtubule proteins. A dimethoxy compound was not active in either bioassays. In these experimental conditions, the biological activities were not high, but in future, these compounds will be expected to be made stronger by structural modifications.