裙带菜水池常温育苗技术

介绍了裙带菜水池常温育苗的全套技术特别是核心技术，即高温条件下黑暗处理配子体，利用对虾育苗池的大水体减水温波动，幼苗生长后，大大增强光照（７０００Ｌｘ）以上，结果：１９９１年，裙带菜苗最大附着密度１ｃｍ育苗器３００株以上，一般１００株以上。     

Intraspecific diversity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Undaria pinnatifida</Emphasis> (Harvey) Suringar (Laminariales,Phaeophyta) from Japan,China and Korea,based on the <Emphasis Type="Italic">cox1</Emphasis> gene and ITS2 sequences

As a trial to develop a method of authenticating the place of origin of circulated Undaria pinnatifida products, we investigated their intraspecific genetic diversity using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1) and the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence. Four dried U. pinnatifida products labeled with their origins (one from Japan, one from China and two from Korea), natural plants collected from three locations (two from Japan and one from China), and cultivated plants collected from two locations (one from Japan and one from China) were used in the present study. The amplified fragments of cox1 were 664 bp in length, and the aligned sequences were highly homologous. Among the nine sequences, no insertions or deletions were found and six substitution positions were detected, and they were classified into five haplotypes. In contrast, multiple highly variable regions were found in ITS2, and some of them carried a restriction site for Mbo II. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis showed different restricted profiles among the tested samples. The availability of molecular markers for authenticating food products of U. pinnatifida is discussed.     

大连地区裙带菜“绿烂病”组织病理的研究

报道了由火神孤菌引起的自然病发病和人工感染裙带菜“绿烂病”组织病理的研究结果。两种发病藻体病理变化基本一致，细菌通过分解表皮细菌壁后侵入藻体内部，表皮和皮层组织内细菌数量较少，髓部较多。在火神孤菌的作用下，表皮细胞游离，髓部细胞崩解，色素体，线粒体，高尔基体等胞器发生病变，细胞核病变不明显。     

One-Step Preparative Separation of Fucoxanthin from Three Edible Brown Algae by Elution-Extrusion Countercurrent Chromatography

A method for batch preparation of fucoxanthin from brown algae was established, which possessed the advantages of high yield and high purity. The ultrasonic-assisted extraction method was used to obtain a crude extract from Sargassum fusiforme as the separation sample. Then the crude extract was separated by elution-extrusion countercurrent chromatography. The optimum preparation conditions of fucoxanthin were determined as follows: n-hexane-ethanol-water (20:9:11, v:v:v) as a two-phase solvent system, the mobile phase flow rate was 5 mL min⁻¹, the revolution speed was 800 r min⁻¹, the loading capacity was 60 mg 10 mL⁻¹ and the temperature was 25 °C. By this method, 12.8 mg fucoxanthin with a purity of 94.72% was obtained from the crude extract of Sargassum fusiforme. In addition, when the loading capacity was 50 mg 10 mL⁻¹, the purity of fucoxanthin reached 96.01%. Two types of by-products, chlorophyll and pheophytin, could also be obtained during the process of separation. This optimal method was further applied to separate fucoxanthin from Laminaria japonica and Undaria pinnatifida, and 6.0 mg and 9.7 mg fucoxanthin with a purity of 96.24% and 92.62% were acquired, respectively. Therefore, it was demonstrated that the preparation method of fucoxanthin established in this study had an applicability to brown algae, which improved the utilization value of raw materials.     

山楂的应用研究进展

山楂具有很高的营养价值和保健功能。主要介绍了山楂在食品、制药工业的应用,简单论述了存在的问题,并对可能发展方向进行展望。     

山楂始果期叶片矿质营养的初步研究

采用Kenworthy的叶片营养诊断法,确定了山楂叶片N、P、K、Mg、Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu8种丰产营养指标,其中叶片含氮量是影响山楂产量的主导因子。不同的品种的叶片营养成分含量不同。土壤肥力是影响叶片矿质营养的主要外部因子。据此,为山楂施肥合理化,标准化提供了科学依据。     

山楂抗氧化活性成分及作用机制研究进展

氧化应激与某些疾病的发生发展密切相关,因此寻找有效的抗氧化物质并阐明其作用机制具有重要作用。山楂具有明显的抗氧化作用,其抗氧化活性主要与调节体内抗氧化酶活性和清除体内自由基有关。本文综述了近年来山楂抗氧化活性成分及其作用机制的研究进展,以期为山楂抗氧化应激活性的深入研究及其相关产品的开发应用提供依据。     

裙带菜中褐藻糖胶的提取纯化及其组成的研究

该实验优化了裙带菜褐藻糖胶的提取工艺,对粗多糖进行了分离纯化,并研究了各组分的单糖组成和硫酸根含量。利用响应面优化法,依据二次回归分析确定裙带菜褐藻糖胶的最佳提取工艺为：提取温度76℃,提取时间2.5 h,料液比1︰6.5。在此条件下提取2次,粗多糖的提取率可达到7.53%。提取的粗多糖用DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow离子交换层析分离纯化,共得到5个峰,干燥后得到5个组分。用硫酸钡比浊法测定5个组分的硫酸根含量分别为8.3%、19.2%、30.1%、38.4%和33.0%。糖腈乙酸酯衍生物气相色谱测得各组分的单糖组成分别为：组分1主要含有甘露糖和半乳糖;组分2主要含有鼠李糖,岩藻糖,木糖,甘露糖,葡萄糖和半乳糖;组分3主要含有鼠李糖,岩藻糖和甘露糖;组分4主要含有岩藻糖和半乳糖;组分5主要含有岩藻糖,甘露糖和半乳糖。     

黄土高原沟壑区山楂引种栽培试验

在陇东黄土高原沟壑区,引进敞口、绛红、辽红3个山楂品种进行栽培试验。结果表明,3个品种在陇东黄土高原沟壑区能正常生长,造林成活率在90%以上,引种品种以敞口最好,降红次之,辽红较差;在相同立地条件下,不同栽培措施对山楂产量的影响次序是:品种—施氮量—密度;在不同立地类型条件下,不同栽培密度,山楂生长量和成活率有明显差异,立地类型以沟坡为优,梁坡次之,梁峁顶最差,栽培株行距以2 m×4 m为最优。     

2007～2009年泰州兴化地区脱水裙带菜的细菌学检测状况调查

于2007～2009年对泰州兴化地区脱水裙带菜加工企业所生产的产品食品卫生细菌学检测现状进行调查,结果表明:泰州兴化地区脱水裙带菜超标指标为菌落总数和大肠菌群,致病菌也有不同程度的检出,但各超标指标和病原菌检出率每年都呈递减趋势,建议相关部门加强对各生产企业的技术指导和监督管理,保障脱水裙带菜的质量安全。