水稻耐寒变异体筛选

从４个水稻品种的３６０个愈伤组织株系中筛选出４个耐寒变异株系。叶绿素荧光测定法（ＣＦＡ）的结果表明，这４个耐寒变异株系的再生植株在４℃条件下的光合效率明显高于原品种。由于各原品种的遗传基因型不一样，接种种胚的愈伤组织的诱导率、愈伤组织在低温筛选下的存活率、耐寒愈伤组织株系的分化率均有不同。使用稍加修改的ＢＭ诱导和增殖培养基、分化培养基及生根培养基，用低温、常温交替培养筛选法的愈伤组织株系的存活率、分化率高于持续低温培养筛选法的。     

长白落叶松1.5代种子园营建技术

永吉县西阳林木种子园2010年开始进行长白落叶松1.5代种子园建设工作,采用先定砧、后嫁接方式建园。建园材料为88个优良无性系。其中,从第一代种子园生产区中逆向选择无性系47个,优良种源天然林优良林分选择无性系41个。建设总面积20 hm~2,区划为4个大区、18个小区,以小区为单位利用完全随机法配置无性系,为充分异型交配创造条件。     

林木无性繁殖及其在林业生产中的应用进展

在对无性繁殖的特点进行总结的基础上,综述了无性繁殖在无性系林业、林木遗传改良、林木复幼等方面应用的最新进展。     

矮败小麦轮回双向交替选择育种技术研究

为育成适合沧州地区生产的小麦突破性品种,利用矮败材料和优异抗旱耐盐亲本材料,建立盐碱圃和优良圃的双向交替选择,从而构建轮回选择群体,创新了矮败小麦轮回双向交替选择育种技术,实现了品种大量聚集有效的主效基因和微效基因,使之充分重组累加,产生更多遗传变异。利用自然选择的方法加大逆境选择压力,培育品种的多抗性,并通过人工选择和自然选择的方法选择培育出不同类型区的品种,培育出了沧核036等小麦品种,是一种行之有效的育种方法。     

Evaluating breeding objectives for sow productivity and production traits in Large White Pigs

the objective of the study was to develop and evaluate different breeding objectives for sow productivity and for production traits, using economic selection indices. Genetic parameters were generated using a repeated records model for sow productivity traits and a maternal effects model for production traits, in ASREML. Stochastic simulation models based on a hypothetical 100-sow model were performed for each line, i.e., a dam line and a terminal sire line, respectively, to derive economic values. The traits included in the study were number born alive (NBA), 21-day litter size (D21LS), 21-day litter weight (D21LWT), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), age at slaughter (AGES), dressing percentage (DRESS), lean content (LEAN) and backfat thickness (BFAT). The economic values for LEAN and BFAT were derived using the partial differentiation of the profit function, while those for the other traits were derived using the partial budget approach. An economic value of a trait was the change in profit per unit genetic change in that trait. Breeding objectives were developed with a corresponding selection index, for improvement of that objective. Three combinations of breeding objectives and selection indices were developed for sow productivity traits, while there were 15 combinations for production traits. Responses to selection and economic return were computed for each combination to determine the most appropriate combination for the improvement of the breeding objective traits. The most appropriate index to improve sow productivity consisted of NBA and D21LWT. For production traits, the combination that consisted of a selection index with AGES, DRESS and BFAT, and the breeding objective ADG, DRESS, FCR and LEAN, was considered the most appropriate. Age at slaughter and BFAT were, respectively, included as indicator traits for ADG and LEAN. The recommended breeding objectives were sensitive to changes in economic values, indicating that economic values for breeding goal traits should be updated periodically to ensure proper weighting of traits, hence maximization of economic return.