Influence of agronomic factors on yield and quality of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibre and implication for an innovative production system

Research and development of an innovative production system for hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibre for textile use requires the integration of multidisciplinary knowledge from cultivation technique to realization of end products. Research was carried out to study the effect of the agronomic factors cultivation year (2003–2004), genotype (Futura 75 and Tiborszallasi), plant population (120, 240 and 360 plants m⁻²) and harvesting time (beginning and full flowering) on fibre yield and quality in the whole hemp stem, and in the basal and apical stem portions separately. The study of separate stem portions was done to determine the effect on fibre quality of an innovative harvesting and processing system in which hemp stems are cut in two portions of approximately 1 m at harvest to enable processing on modern flax scutching lines.     

Genetic analysis of six production traits in Peruvian alpacas

In this study a total of 6499 records were obtained for fibre diameter (FD) and coefficient of variation of FD (CV), 3283 records for greasy fleece weight (GFW), staple length (SL) and shearing interval (SI) and 1802 records of textile value index (TV) obtained from an experimental herd of alpacas exploited in the Peruvian Altiplano.The estimated heritabilities were: 0.412 ± 0.015 (FD), 0.321 ± 0.013 (CV), 0.098 ± 0.016 (GFW), 0.070 ± 0.011 (SL), 0.061 ± 0.012 (SI) and 0.163 ± 0.017 (TV). No significant genetic correlation was found for the pairs FD-CV and CV-GFW whilst the pairs FD-GFW, FD-SI and FD-TV had significant genetic correlations of, respectively, 0.405 ± 0.081, − 0.395 ± 0.078 and − 0.746 ± 0.049. No significant correlations were found for SL except for the pair SL-SI (0.397 ± 0.099). The TV index also showed significant genetic correlations with CV of 0.125 ± 0.061 and with GFW of 0.490 ± 0.070. All estimates of permanent environmental effects (c²) associated with the six analysed traits were statistically significant ranging from 0.008 for SI to 0.259 for CV. Total repeatability for the analysed traits was low for SI (0.069) and SL (0.090), moderate for TV (0.299) and GFW (0.316) and high for FD (0.578) and CV (0.579). The permanent environmental effect associated with CV is significantly correlated with those of the other traits except for FD. The permanent environmental effects associated with GFW and SL seemed to be basically the same (estimated correlation of 0.916 ± 0.062). The permanent environmental effect for TV is highly correlated with those associated with GFW (0.498 ± 0.058) and SL (0.750 ± 0.137). Expected selection response for TV was higher when FD was considered as selection goal instead of TV itself.It would, therefore, be more efficient to use FD rather than empirical indices as selection criterion to increase textile value in Peruvian alpacas. The reported genetic parameters and correlation matrices can be useful to implement multitrait breeding value estimations for alpaca selection.     

Modeling of anisotropic creep behavior of coated textile membranes

The present study aims at characterizing and modeling the anisotropic creep behavior of coated textile membrane, a class of flexible textile composites that are used for moderate span enclosures (roofs and air-halls). The objective is to develop a creep model for predicting the lifetime of coated textile membrane. Uniaxial creep tests were conducted on three off-axis coupon specimens to obtain the directional creep compliance. A potential with three parameters is shown to be adequate for modeling the anisotropic creep behavior of coated textile membrane. Furthermore, a possibility of predicting the creep deformation of coated textile membrane in a multi-axial stress state is discussed using the three-parameter potential.     

妇女纺织对晋冀鲁豫边区救荒的贡献

上世纪40年代初期，地处华北的晋冀鲁豫边区由于严重的自然灾害与日寇的进攻、国民党反动派的封锁交互作用，面临着极度的困难。广大妇女在这场天灾与人祸相互作用而造成的严重困境中，开展了声势浩大的纺织救灾运动，从而为整个边区及其家庭做出了十分重要的贡献。而她们的贡献不仅仅限于救济灾荒，还对边区的政治、经济、社会风气等许多方面都产生了重要影响。     

大豆蛋白在非食品用途中的应用与研究现状

本文综述了大豆蛋白在非食品用途中的应用与研究概况,包括在胶黏剂、织物纤维、可食性包装膜和塑料中的应用,以及为了达到各种应用要求进行的大豆蛋白改性研究。     

艾蒿叶水煮液对真丝织物的抗菌整理研究

本文以水煮方式处理艾蒿叶得到水煮液,并用该水煮浓缩液通过涂层整理和浸轧整理的方式对真丝织物进行抗菌整理.根据AATCC100抗菌测试方法,以大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为实验菌株,测试整理后的真丝织物的抗菌性,优选出效果良好的整理方式,选取抗菌效果较好的整理方法和反应条件下的真丝织物测试其服用性能.实验结果表明,涂层整理后的真丝织物24h时基本上未达到26%的抗菌效率,抗菌效果不显著,浸轧整理后真丝织物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌在24h、48h内抑菌效率基本达到了100%,抗菌效果良好;对整理后的真丝织物的服用性能测试表明,该整理方式对真丝织物的服用性能影响不大.     

唐代河南道纺织品初探

在分析唐代河南道纺织品生产、分布的基础上,探讨了其对区域经济的影响.     

在《纺织品贸易》课程教学中实施案例教学法探讨

在《纺织品贸易》课程教学中适当运用案例教学法,对于激发学生对本门课程的学习兴趣、提高教学效果具有一定的促进作用。在实施案例教学法的过程中,选取合适的案例、以多种形式组织教学、合理安排案例讨论,是提高案例教学效果的重要举措。     

Synthesis,spectral characterization of azo dyes derived from calix[4]resorcinarene and their application in dyeing of fibers

Seven new upper rim functionalized azocalix[4]resorcinarene dyes have been synthesized by coupling calix[4]resorcinarene with different diazo compounds of p-chloroaniline, p-nitroaniline, p-toludine, p-anisidine, p-aminobenzoic acid, o-aminophenol, and aniline. The characterization of these dyes has been carried out by elemental analysis, FT-IR, ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR. Effect of solvents of varying dielectric constants on the absorption spectra of substituted and unsubstituted azocalix[4]resorcinarene dyes have been examined by UV-vis spectrophotometer. These azocalix[4]resorcinarene dyes have also been used for dyeing textile fibers like cotton, silk, and wool. Their dyeing and fastness properties have also been discussed.     

家蚕丝用作纺织原料的研究开发热点

文章从三眠蚕、雄蚕及有色茧等特用家蚕品种的选育,家蚕丝与其它天然纺织原料和化学合成纺织原料的混纺,以及抗菌去污、耐洗耐光及防缩抗皱等新型丝绸面料的开发等方面总结了纺织原料用家蚕丝的研究开发热点。