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51.
为评估不同品系中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)的繁殖性能和育苗效果,分别采用中华绒螯蟹二龄早熟品系(雌体≥150 g,雄体≥210 g)、“长荡湖1号”A系(雌体≥200 g,雄体≥310 g)、“长荡湖1号”B系(雌体≥250 g,雄体≥360 g)及超大规格品系(雌体≥300 g,雄体≥400 g)作为亲本进行土池生态育苗试验,比较了各品系的抱卵蟹获得率、亲本孵化率、育苗期间的投饵量、幼体变态速度以及大眼幼体产量等指标。试验结果显示:(1)各品系越冬后的抱卵蟹获得率随着亲本规格的增大而明显降低,抱卵蟹成功孵化率随着亲本规格的增大同样呈降低趋势,但组间差异不明显(P>0.05)。(2)各品系投饵量在幼体培育期间呈现先增后减的变化趋势,其中,溞Ⅴ期最高,日投饵量约为75 g/m2;与之相反,幼体蜕皮周期在幼体培育过程中呈现出先降后增的变化趋势,溞Ⅲ-Ⅳ期蜕皮周期最短,仅为5~6 d。(3)除了个别产量异常的池塘外,各品系单蟹产苗量及饵料系数均随着亲本规格的增大而提高,且各品系大眼幼体淡化率差异较小,均在90%左右。结果表明,虽然大规格品系在... 相似文献
52.
基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算方法研究了Mg2 Si半导体沿[001]方向单轴应变下的结构、力学性质以及电子性质.计算结果表明:无应变时晶格参数和弹性常数与其他理论及实验值吻合的很好.施加应变后,其与应变方向垂直的晶格常数随应变值呈近似线性变化.通过应力-应变曲线和Born力学稳定性判据,确定了Mg2Si化合物在拉伸、压缩过程中的稳定范围和理想强度.Mg2Si的电子布居和电子态密度分析,表明Si-Mg之间的显示离子键特性,并给出了在拉伸压缩过程中Mg和Si原子轨道电子对总的态密度影响. 相似文献
53.
This study compared the performance of larvae of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) from Thailand and Vietnam. Thai broods were collected from a farm and Vietnamese broods were collected from a river. Larvae from these two sources were raised in identical environments, and their rates of development and survival as well as their ability to withstand environmental stresses were assessed. The first postlarval stage was observed in both strains on day 22. All larvae (100%) from Thai broods completed metamorphosis by day 36, but only 89% of the Vietnam strain completed metamorphosis by day 45. The stages of development were more uniform in larvae from the Thai stock than the Vietnamese stock. Survival differences were observed within the first week (92% in the Thai group vs. 55% in the Vietnamese group). These differences were most pronounced beginning in week 5 (52% and 16% respectively) and week 7 (33% and 2% respectively). No clear difference was found in brood size and fecundity between the two groups. No difference in survival was observed between the two groups of larvae challenged with salinity, oxygen or formalin. Differential development rates of larvae in the same batch would naturally create conditions favourable for cannibalism and impaired ability to capture food. The earlier and more uniform rate of development, and subsequent higher rate of survival of Thai stock compared with the Vietnamese wild stock is suggested to be due to inadvertent selection in the domesticated stock. 相似文献
54.
Julie M. Macaranas Liza Q. Agustin Ma. Carmen A. Ablan Ma. Josefa R. Pante Ambekar A. Eknath Roger S. V. Pullin 《Aquaculture International》1995,3(1):43-54
Four African wild strains (Egypt, Ghana, Senegal and Kenya) and four established Asian farmed strains of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (popularly known in the Philippines as Taiwan, Thailand, Singapore and Israel) were analysed electrophoretically at 30 protein loci to estimate genetic differences among the strains. All strains shared alleles at 14 monomorphic and 16 variable loci. Among the African strains, characteristic allele frequency differences were observed at AAT-1
*
46 for Ghana and Senegal, ADH
*
83 for Kenya, ADH
*
120 for Senegal, G3PDH-2
*
300 for Egypt, IDDH
*
67 for Senegal, sMDH-1
*
120 for Kenya and SOD
*
150 for Senegal. Genetic distance values among the strains revealed a clustering of the farmed strains with Egypt and Ghana O. niloticus, a slight separation of the Senegal strain and a larger separation of the Kenya strain. This profile may reflect the origins of the few founder populations of this species previously introduced to Asia. It also confirms the wider genetic divergence of the Kenya strain (O. niloticus vulcani) from the others studied here, which are all O. n. niloticus. Observed heterozygosities of the strains ranged from 0.026 to 0.071, with the African wild strains the lower values (mean Ho = 0.036) and the farmed strains the higher ones (mean Ho = 0.056). The implications of these results to the ongoing tilapia genetic improvement programme in the Philippines are discussed. 相似文献
55.
56.
对高接后3a,综合性状优良,品种、产地与成熟期均不相同的6个板栗优系的生长结实特性进行了调查与分析,明确了板栗优系生长结实的基本特性,结果母枝粗度和结果枝粗度、数量、着生部位与雌花序数的关系,为板栗良种选育和丰产栽培提供了一定的理论依据。 相似文献
57.
58.
T. J. Hall 《Euphytica》1980,29(1):189-197
Summary There are three known tomato mosaic virus (TMV) resistance factors, Tm-1, Tm-2 and Tm-2
2, in the tomato. Tm-2
2 is currently the most widely utilised in glasshouse cultivars. Both Tm-2 and Tm-22 can induce systemic necroses in response to virus infection. These are considered to be hypersensitive resistance reactions in view of the low virus concentrations in affected plants and because sub-inoculation usually fails to infect all plants possessing the same resistance gene. The literature relating to TMV resistance at the Tm-2 locus in the tomato is reviewed.Virulent strains may readily establish when Tm-1 or Tm-2 are used, but Tm-2
2 confers more effective resistance. The possible development of aggressive isolates capable of affecting Tm-2
2/Tm-22 plants is discussed. The establishment of virus types which cause systemic necrosis at normal growing temperatures is considered more likely than widespread infection from fully virulent strain 22 mutants. However, the growing of crops isolated from the TMV reservoirs in the soil considerably reduces the likelihood of even this occurring. 相似文献
59.
谷蠹磷化氢高抗性品系的抗性遗传分析 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
用采自广东潮州、湖北沙洋和广东阳春等3个高抗性品系的谷蠹进行了抗性遗传研究,分别对这3个高抗性品系的谷蠹和一个敏感品系的谷蠹进行纯化后,作为亲本进行一系列杂交组合试验,用LCT方法测出各个亲本及其F1代杂种(F1)、F1代对抗性亲本的回交(F1-BC)、F1代自交(F2)、敏感亲本雄性与抗性亲本雌性的杂交(F11)、抗性亲本雄性与敏感亲本雄性的杂交(F12)的浓度时间对数-死亡机率值反应曲线(LCT-P线),并对这些结果进行分析。结果表明:各地对磷化氢有高抗性的谷蠹品系的抗性遗传都为不完全显性,受两对或两对以上基因控制,并在常染色体上而非性连锁。 相似文献
60.