春秋兼用家蚕新品种“春华×秋实”的育成

以丝质优、耐氟污染性能较强的品种为育种材料,采用常规杂交育种方法,育成一对春秋兼用的中丝量家蚕新品种春华×秋实。浙江省蚕品种实验室共同鉴定和农村试养鉴定表明该品种具有以下特点:孵化、眠起、老熟齐一,体质强健好养,茧型较大,产量高;茧丝质优良,春期饲养茧层率23.46%,鲜茧出丝率17.54%,茧丝长1 263 m,解舒率83.52%,纤度2.773 dtex,洁净94.50分;综合经济性状优良,与对照品种菁松×皓月相比,万蚕产茧量提高7.0%,与对照品种秋丰×白玉相比,万蚕产茧量、万蚕茧层量、茧丝长、解舒丝长、鲜茧出丝率分别提高1.7%、8.9%、9.0%、6.6%、8.1%。新品种已通过浙江省农作物品种审定,适合在浙江省及长江中下游蚕区推广饲养。     

夏秋蚕新品种浒花、秋星的育成及其一代杂交种的选配

根据长江流域夏秋季的气候特点,采用杂交、回交、系统分离、活蛹缫丝和多代高温多湿环境定向培育等育种方法,分别育成了中系蚕品种“浒花”和日系蚕品种“秋星”。两者都具有抗性强、丝量高、茧丝质优以及繁育容易等特点。其一代杂交种经多次实验室鉴定、农村生产鉴定、试养以及全国蚕品种审定结果表明:该新品种体质强健、孵化、眠起、老熟齐一,茧丝量高,茧层率22％;鲜毛茧出丝率15—16％,茧丝品质优良、解舒率74％,净度93分,茧丝纤度2.53/D,茧丝长超1000m。     

Targeted Knock-in of a Fluorescent Protein Gene into the Chicken Vasa Homolog Locus of Chicken Primordial Germ Cells using CRIS-PITCh Method

In chickens, primordial germ cells (PGCs) are effective targets for advanced genome editing, including gene knock-in. Although a long-term culture system has been established for chicken PGCs, it is necessary to select a gene-editing tool that is efficient and precise for editing the PGC genome while maintaining its ability to contribute to the reproductive system. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) and CRISPR-mediated precise integration into the target chromosome (CRIS-PITCh) methods are superior as the donor vector is easier to construct, has high genome editing efficiency, and does not select target cells, compared to the homologous recombination method, which has been conventionally used to generate knock-in chickens. In this study, we engineered knock-in chicken PGCs by integrating a fluorescent protein gene cassette as a fusion protein into the chicken vasa homolog (CVH) locus of chicken PGCs using the CRIS-PITCh method. The knock-in PGCs expressed the fluorescent protein in vitro and in vivo, facilitating the tracking of PGCs. Furthermore, we characterized the efficiency of engineering double knock-in cell lines. Knock-in cell clones were obtained by limiting dilution, and the efficiency of engineering double knock-in cell lines was confirmed by genotyping. We found that 82% of the analyzed clones were successfully knocked-in into both alleles. We suggest that the production of model chicken from the knock-in PGCs can contribute to various studies, such as the elucidation of the fate of germ cells and sex determination in chicken.     

哺乳动物生殖细胞冷冻保存对其DNA甲基化影响的研究进展

哺乳动物生殖细胞和胚胎冷冻保存在辅助生殖技术中得到了广泛的应用,同时在保存物种的多样性方面发挥着巨大的作用。但是,冷冻引起的DNA甲基化对其印记基因缺陷性疾病的发生和后代生理功能的差异会有很大的影响。作者就冷冻保存技术对配子（精子和卵子）和胚胎的DNA甲基化的影响以及冷冻引起的DNA甲基化对后代的影响进行了综述,以期对配子的冷冻保存和辅助生殖技术的发展提供参考。     

北方蚕业科研协作区第六批桑品种鉴定(陕西点)试验报告

2015—2016年对北方蚕业科研协作区4家单位的9个桑树新品种进行了共同鉴定。本批参鉴品种中,生长势旺、产叶量高、叶质好的品种有鲁插2号、鄂桑2号、陕桑9312、陕桑8826,其中鲁插2号叶片大而厚、发条力强,鄂桑2号节间密、片叶率高。     

草坪病害及其防治

本文介绍草坪草常见侵染性病害（ 真菌、细菌、病毒和线虫病的致病病原） 和非侵染性病害,论述了草坪病害流行条件,强调预防为主的综合防治策略。     

抗生素工业化生产中一级种子罐染菌原因及解决方法

抗生素工业化生产中,菌种往往需要扩大繁殖到一定的数量后再进入发酵罐.在一级种子制备过程中,引起染菌的因素很多,极大地影响了抗生素生产的产量和质量.解决一级种子罐染菌的方法,除制定科学的岗位SOP并不断提高操作者的技能外,更重要的是要加强工艺管理,树立以预防为主的思想,根据微生物特性,强化环境清洁,加强设备清洁、维修,操作时实行定人、定操作.     

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia within the 19th century miasmatic landscape

When contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) was first detected on a farm north of Melbourne, at Bundoora, in 1858, the predominant theory of miasma was being challenged by contagionist theories of disease transmission. This well‐documented case was recorded during a period of change in the scientific assessment of disease and therefore affords an exploration of what aspects of the landscape were considered important for livestock health at the time. Although the introduction, vaccination programs and eventual eradication of CBPP on mainland Australia has been well explored, scholars have neglected this aspect of the disease's history. By comparing 19th century records of farmland with how the site appears today, it is also possible to highlight the limited information provided by contemporary texts, while at the same time developing an appreciation of the ways in which the perception of the rural landscape has changed. This differing perception has implications for the utilisation of these sources for veterinary and environmental historians seeking to understand the mid‐19th century agricultural landscape and how it relates to animal health.     

玉米胚芽粕在动物营养中的研究进展

玉米胚芽粕是玉米深加工的重要副产品,我国年产玉米1.39亿吨,每年都生产出大量的玉米胚芽粕[l-2]。因其营养成分较为全面、适口性好、价格低廉且蛋白质含量高、氨基酸组成合理,因此,研究它在畜禽日粮中的饲用效果有一定的实际意义。近年来,国内外用玉米胚芽粕作为蛋白质补充饲料饲喂畜禽已作过一些研究,但研究不够系统深人[3-5]。本文主要从玉米胚芽粕的营养成分、实际应用及对畜禽生产的影响等方面进行介绍,旨在为研究畜禽的营养需要及科学配制日粮提供依据。     

春秋兼用家蚕品种“恒·丰×富玉”的育成

利用杂交育种及系统选择方法,育成了综合经济性状优良的春秋兼用家蚕新品种恒·丰×富玉。经浙江省家蚕新品种实验室鉴定和农村生产试验表明,该品种孵化、眠起、上蔟齐一,茧丝品质优,万蚕产茧量、万蚕茧层量、5龄1日万蚕茧层量分别比对照品种秋丰×白玉提高2.45%、4.91%、5.22%;一粒茧丝长1158m,解舒丝长996m,洁净96.10分,鲜茧出丝率16.12%,均优于对照品种。日系新品种富玉抗BmNPV感染能力较白玉有明显提高。2010年2月该品种通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定。