Cell-cycle-dependent Colonization of Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cells After Transplantation into Seminiferous Tubules

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) migrate to the niche upon introduction into the seminiferous tubules of the testis of infertile animals. However, only 5–10% of the transplanted cells colonize recipient testes. In this study, we analyzed the impact of cell cycle on spermatogonial transplantation. We used fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator transgenic mice to examine the influence of cell cycle on SSC activity of mouse germline stem (GS) cells, a population of cultured spermatogonia enriched for SSCs. GS cells in the G1 phase are more efficient than those in the S/G2-M phase in colonizing the seminiferous tubules of adult mice. Cells in the G1 phase not only showed higher expression levels of GFRA1, a component of the GDNF self-renewal factor receptor, but also adhered more efficiently to laminin-coated plates. Furthermore, this cell cycle-dependency was not observed when cells were transplanted into immature pup recipients, which do not have the blood-testis barrier (BTB) between Sertoli cells, suggesting that cells in the G1 phase may passage through the BTB more readily than cells in the S/G2-M phase. Thus cell cycle status is an important factor in regulating SSC migration to the niche.     

叶顶形状对轴流泵空化性能的影响

轴流泵叶轮与转轮室之间间隙内的泄漏流动与主流相互掺混形成的泄漏涡是导致轴流泵叶顶空化的重要原因。为研究合适的叶顶形状来控制和改善叶顶泄漏空化,通过高速摄影空化试验,比较了试验结果和数值计算结果,验证了本次数值计算的正确性。再在原始平面叶顶方案的基础上,通过数值计算,分别研究了3种叶顶形状(倒圆叶顶、斜切叶顶以及倒圆斜切叶顶)对轴流泵叶顶空化的影响。叶轮水体采用结构网格划分,以便精确捕捉间隙区域的流场特性。结果表明:倒圆叶顶和倒圆斜切叶顶方案的扬程和效率都有所下降,但斜切叶顶有所升高。虽然倒圆叶顶消除了角涡空化,但泄漏涡空化加剧;而斜切叶顶得到的结果却与之相反,且斜切叶顶的间隙内会有漩涡空化产生;相比之下,倒圆斜切叶顶的角涡空化和泄漏涡空化都得到了较好的控制。根据研究结果,建议在满足外特性性能要求的情况下,采用倒圆斜切叶顶方案可以较好地控制轴流泵的叶顶空化。     

Expression of stem cell factor in mast cells isolated from patients with chronic periapical diseases

AIM:To investigate the expression of stem cell factor (SCF) in tryptase -positive mast cells (MCs) in different types of human periapical diseases for determining the role of SCF and MCs in the pathogenesis of periapical diseases. METHODS:A total 50 cases of specimens were involved in this study, including healthy control (n=20), periapical cyst (n=15) and periapical granuloma (n=15). The tissue material was fixed in 10% formalin for at least 48 h, stained with hematoxylin and eosin for the observation of histopathology, stained with immunohistochemistry for identifying MCs and MCs degranulation, and stained with double immunofluorescence for identification of tryptase-SCF double positive MCs. RESULTS:Compared with healthy control, significantly higher densities of both total and degranulated MCs in human periapical lesions were observed. The densities of both total and degranulated MCs in the periapical cyst were significantly higher than that in the periapical granuloma. The density of tryptase-SCF double positive MCs in the periapical lesions was significantly higher than that in the healthy controls. The density oftryptase-SCF double positive MCs in the periapical cyst was significantly higher than that in periapical granuloma. No significant difference in the density of MCs between immunohistochemistry staining and double immunofluorescence staining was observed. CONCLUSION: The tryptase-SCF double positive MCs play an active role in the pathogenesis of the periapical inflammatory lesions, particularly in the formation of fibrous tissue in periapical cyst. The potential role of the tryptase-SCF double positive MCs relates with the initiation, development, and persistence of the periapical inflammatory process.     

大棚种植菜用甘薯茎尖矿物质和氨基酸含量分析

采用感应耦合等离子质谱和氨基酸自动分析仪,对种植于大棚内的7种菜用甘薯茎尖的12种矿质元素和17种氨基酸含量进行分析。结果表明,甘薯茎尖含有丰富的矿质元素和氨基酸,不同甘薯茎尖的矿质元素和氨基酸的含量略有区别。常量元素方面,镁的含量波动较小,为2 904.53~3 903.17 mg/kg,钾、钙、钠的含量波动较大,特别是钠,为544.24~11 086.49 mg/kg;微量元素方面,7种甘薯茎尖含量较大的分别为铁、锌、锰、硼,在18.64~115.88 mg/kg,含量较小的分别为铜、铬、钼、钴,在0.02~21.65 mg/kg。7种甘薯茎尖的氨基酸含量丰富,氨基酸总量在26.61%~30.03%,人体必需氨基酸含量比例E/T值在33.20%~37.66%,人体必需氨基酸含量与非必需氨基酸含量之比E/N值在0.50~0.60,基本符合FAO/WHO关于理想蛋白质的要求。     

基于本征正交分解的水平轴风力机非定常尾迹特性分析

风力机的尾流效应对下游风力机的气动性能和疲劳载荷均有重要影响。为了研究叶尖速比对水平轴风力机非定常尾迹特性的影响,该研究在中性大气条件下采用基于致动线模型的大涡模拟（Large Eddy Simulation, LES）方法对不同叶尖速比下运行的风力机进行了数值模拟,并采用本征正交分解（Proper Orthogonal Decomposition, POD）方法对风力机尾迹结构进行了分析。结果表明,叶尖速比对风力机下游12D（D为风轮直径）范围内速度分布有显著影响,随着流向距离的增加,叶尖速比的影响逐渐减弱;风轮尾迹中2D处的速度亏损最大,在下游28.5D附近速度完全恢复;叶尖速比对风力机尾迹湍流强度有很大影响,叶尖速比为2时尾流湍流强度最弱,而叶尖速比为3时尾流湍流强度最大,说明该叶尖速比下尾流与大气边界层掺混作用剧烈,有利于尾迹速度恢复;叶尖速比对风力机尾迹结构的尺度和含能大小有显著影响,叶尖速比为3时尾迹中的大尺度结构及其含能占比最高,随着POD模态阶数的增加,尾流结构尺度和含能逐渐减小;风力机尾迹结构由反向旋转的高、低速涡对组成,其垂向尺度可达到整个边界层厚度,而风力机风能吸收利用效率主要体现在尾迹展向湍涡结构的尺度。该研究可为深入理解叶尖速比对风力机尾迹平均统计特征及结构演化的影响提供依据,为风力机优化设计和运行策略制定提供帮助。     

利用蚕豆根尖细胞微核技术对新疆伊犁河水质检测

[目的]研究新疆伊犁河水域的不同位点的水质污染程度。[方法]利用蚕豆根尖微核技术对新疆伊犁河水域的30个水样进行动态监测和评价。[结果]各样点MCN％砑,对照组相比差异极显著（P〈0．01）,30个水样点中有12个水样点无污染（P,值在0～1．5）;10个水样点轻度污染（P,值在1.5～2．0）;8个水样点中度以上污染（H值2．0以上）。[结论]新疆伊犁河水质受到不同程度的污染,部分区域中度以上污染,应及时加以治理。     

红壤旱地黑芝麻茎点枯病药剂防效研究

[目的]探讨药剂处理对黑芝麻茎点枯病的防控效果。[方法]在芝麻始花期后,连续2次喷施以72%农用链霉素SP+70%甲基托布津WP不同比列不同用量复配混用的药剂防治黑芝麻茎点枯病,以72%农用链霉素SP、70%甲基托布津WP为对照药剂,以清水为空白对照。[结果]喷施300 g/hm2+450 g/hm2(农用链霉素+甲基托布津)、300 g/hm2+300 g/hm2(农用链霉素+甲基托布津)2个处理区的防治效果最好,均达70%以上,增产效果显著高于其他处理区,增产20%以上。[结论]在芝麻始花期喷施甲基托布津和农用链霉素单剂及其复配混用的药剂对芝麻茎点枯病的发生有一定的防控效果。     

准噶尔西部人工碳汇林原生荒漠植被梭梭蒸腾耗水研究

在克拉玛依造林碳汇基地外围,使用包裹式茎流计（Flow4）对梭梭（Haloxylon persicum Bge.）枝液流动态进行了监测;根据生物统计结果选取被测标准枝,标准枝基径在l～3 cm范围内;通过基径断面积和被测枝液流计算丛蒸腾耗水量,通过冠幅最为扩展纯量,利用丛蒸腾耗水量对灌丛群落耗水量进行了尺度转换.结果表明,在转化过程中,梭梭液流速率同枝基径、丛蒸腾耗水量同冠幅具有强相关性;克拉玛依造林碳汇基地蒸腾耗水量的背景值为3.25 t/（d·hm2）;梭梭液流同太阳辐射、光合有效辐射、风速、空气湿度、土壤含水率呈极显著相关,是影响液流变化的主要因子,排列顺序为：光合有效辐射＞太阳辐射＞风速＞土壤含水率＞空气湿度;使用主导因子对梭梭液流通量进行拟合,方程为f=0.024PAR ＋6.859,R2达0.887.     

甘薯茎尖脱毒及组培快繁技术

[目的]研究甘薯茎尖分生组织的分化培养基配方及快繁培养的影响因素。[方法]以甘薯茎尖作为外植体,总结出茎尖分化培养前的灭菌方法,筛选出适宜的分化培养基配方、快繁培养基配方以及影响快繁的各因素。[结果]75%的乙醇30 s+0.1%升汞10 min能取得较好的灭菌效果,降低污染率;适宜的茎尖分化培养基配方为:MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA+0.25 mg/L GA3+10 mg/L病毒唑;快繁培养基配方为:Ms+0.1~0.2 mg/L NAA+2 mg/L泛酸钙;适宜的糖用量为30 g/L;培养条件为温度28℃、光照强度2 000lx、光照时间16 h/d时脱毒苗茎段生根较快,侧芽萌发后节间适中,有利于提高繁殖系数。[结论]为脱毒苗工厂化生产提供技术支持。