金雀异黄素对雌性大鼠体内促性腺激素及胰岛素样生长因子表达的影响

本试验旨在研究金雀异黄素(genistein,GEN)对雌性大鼠体内促性腺激素及胰岛素样生长因子表达的影响。选取40只SD雌性大鼠[体重(200±20)g],随机分为5组,分别为阴性对照(NC)组、GEN低(L)、中(M)、高剂量(H)组及阳性对照(PC)组,每组8只,NC组灌胃花生油(其他组灌胃试剂以此为溶剂);L、M、H组分别灌胃15、30、60 mg/(kg BW·d)GEN,PC组灌胃己烯雌酚0.5 mg/(kg BW·d)。试验期30 d。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清中卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1(IGFBP-1)含量;实时定量PCR法检测卵巢IGF-1、IGFBP-1 mRNA表达水平。结果表明:与NC组比较,试验组血清中FSH、LH含量有升高趋势,但差异不显著(P0.05),作用效果与PC组一致;试验组血清IGF-1含量略有降低,但差异不显著(P0.05),PC组显著降低(P0.05);试验组血清IGFBP-1含量显著或极显著升高(P0.05或P0.01),PC组显著升高(P0.05);试验组卵巢组织中IGF-1、IGFBP-1 mRNA表达水平均升高,其中M、H组显著升高(P0.05),与PC组变化一致。由此可见,GEN能够提高雌性大鼠血清FSH、LH含量、降低血清IGF-1含量、提高血清IGFBP-1含量,同时提高卵巢中IG FBP-1、IG F-1 mRNA的表达水平,这些指标协同作用于卵巢,能够促进卵泡的成熟,调节卵巢功能。     

子宫内膜异位症大鼠模型复制

取Wistar大鼠30只,用手术移植的 方法把自体子宫内膜组织2块分别移植到壁 腹膜与子宫系膜处,建立子宫内膜异位症大 鼠模型。术后4周,再次开腹,观察异位内膜 的存活情况、与周围组织的粘连程度及病理 学变化。结果发现腹膜和子宫系膜处移植内 膜的成活率及病灶的体积差异无显著性(P >0.05),腹膜处病灶与周围组织的粘连程度 显著轻于子宫系膜处病灶(P<0.01),移植 物外观呈囊状,表面有血管,光镜下观察见子 宫内膜细胞、间质细胞、腺体和血管,与正常 在位内膜相比腺体减少。该模型复制方法简 便,成功率高,是研究子宫内膜异位症较理想 的动物模型。     

雌二醇对大鼠下丘脑神经激肽B表达的影响

为研究雌二醇(Estradiol,E2)对大鼠下丘脑神经激肽B(Neurokinin B,NKB)表达的影响,采用免疫组化PV-9003二步法以及DAB显色技术,对外源性E2处理组(E2组)、花生油处理组(C组)、卵巢摘除+E2组(OVX+E2组)和卵巢摘除组(OVX组)大鼠下丘脑的NKB进行检测。结果表明:大鼠阴门开启时间E2组(29.00±0.707)与OVX+E2组(30.20±0.084)早于对照组(43.60±2.074)(P0.01)。NKB主要分布于所有大鼠下丘脑的弓状核、腹内侧核和室旁核,且OVX组和C组室周核上也有少量表达(P0.05),但各组间NKB的平均光密度值有差异,OVX组大鼠下丘脑弓状核(0.33±0.49)、腹内侧核(0.31±0.54)和室旁核(0.30±0.55)均显著高于OVX+E2、C和E2组(P0.05)。雌激素抑制大鼠下丘脑NKB的表达,NKB可能通过雌激素调节生殖作用。     

豚鼠至大鼠原位肝移植肝下下腔静脉套管方法的改进

目的探讨豚鼠至大鼠异种原位肝移植中肝下下腔静脉套管的改进方法。方法豚鼠和SD大鼠各40只分别作为供、受体,随机分为实验组和对照组并随机配对。实验组采用改进的肝下下静脉套管方法进行肝下下腔静脉袖套管的安装及吻合,对照组采用常规方法进行肝下下腔静脉袖套管的安装及吻合。比较两组肝下下腔静脉袖套管安装时间、安装成功率、吻合时间、吻合成功率和手术成功率。结果实验组较对照组肝下下腔静脉袖套管安装时间、吻合时间和无肝期明显缩短,袖套安装成功率、吻合成功率和手术成功率明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用改进的肝下下腔静脉套管方法进行豚鼠至大鼠原位肝移植,手术成功率高,可用于豚鼠至大鼠原位肝移植实验研究模型。     

实验感染肝片吸虫对大鼠肝脏药物代谢功能的影响

将 8 5只体重 2 5 0～ 35 0 g的健康SD大鼠 (雌雄各半 )随机分成感染组 (n =5 5 )和对照组 (n =30 )。感染组大鼠每只一次经口感染 2 5个肝片吸虫囊蚴 ,每周采血测定血浆天冬氨酸转氨酶 (AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶 (ALT)及碱性磷酸酶 (ALP)活性。于感染后第 3,6 ,9,11和 13周分别宰杀 12只 (感染组 8只 ,对照组 4只 )大鼠 ,测定其肝微粒体蛋白、细胞色素P 4 5 0、细胞色素b5的浓度和肝脏药物代谢酶活性。结果表明 ,大鼠感染肝片吸虫后 ,血浆AST、ALT、ALP活性分别在感染后 3～ 7周、 3～ 5周、 5～ 13周极显著上升 (P <0 0 1) ;肝体比上升 ;CytP 4 5 0浓度、肝脏药物代谢酶活性极显著下降 (P <0 0 1)。提示肝片吸虫感染对大鼠肝脏药物代谢功能有明显的损伤作用。     

葛根素对镉致大鼠血脑屏障损伤的保护效应

为探究葛根素在镉暴露引起大鼠血脑屏障损伤中的保护效应,24只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组,分别为对照组、葛根素组、镉组、镉与葛根素共处理组.试验期间,每天按200 mg/kg剂量的葛根素(溶解于5 g/L羧甲基纤维素钠)对葛根素组、镉与葛根素共处理组大鼠进行灌胃,同时以相同剂量的5 g/L羧甲基纤维素钠将对照组、镉组大鼠进...     

碘醚柳胺对大鼠胚胎毒性和致畸性

以23．0,51.8,116.4mg/kg碘醚柳胺在Wistar大鼠妊娠后7－15d口服，各剂量组吸收胎和死胎率增加，活胎率减少，但对胎鼠外观，骨骼和内脏无致畸性，高剂量组对胎鼠生长发育和孕体重增长有明显的负影响，表明碘西边柳胺对大鼠有胚胎毒性，无致畸作用，提出，在临床上怀孕动物应慎用。     

Treatment of contaminated radial fracture in Sprague-Dawley rats by application of a degradable polymer releasing gentamicin

Fracture-related infections remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. We aimed to establish a simple contaminated radial osteotomy model to assess the efficacy of a biodegradable polymer poly(sebacic-co-ricinoleic acid) [p(SA-RA)] containing 20% w/w gentamicin. A unilateral transverse osteotomy was induced in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, followed by application of Staphylococcus aureus suspension over the fracture. After successfully establishing the contaminated open fracture model, we treated the rats either systemically (intraperitoneal cefuroxime), locally with p(SA-RA) containing gentamicin, or both. Control groups included non-contaminated group and contaminated groups that were either untreated or treated with the polymer alone. After 4 weeks, the bones were subjected to micro-CT scanning and microbiological and histopathology evaluations. Micro-CT analysis revealed similar changes in the group subjected to both local and systemic treatment as in the non-contaminated control group. Lack of detectable bacterial growth was noted in most animals of the group subjected to both local and systemic treatment, and all samples were negative for S. aureus. Histopathological evaluation revealed that all treatment modalities containing antibiotics were highly effective in reducing infection and promoting callus repair, resulting in early bone healing. While p(SA-RA) containing gentamicin treatment showed better results than cefuroxime, the combination of local and systemic treatment displayed the highest therapeutic potential in this model.     

Time-course comparison of pulmonary inflammation induced by intratracheal instillation of four different nickel oxide nanoparticles in male Fischer rats

Occupational exposure to nickel oxide (NiO) is an important cause of respiratory tract cancer. Toxicity is known to be associated with the dissociated component, i.e. nickel (II) ions. To address the relationship between physicochemical properties, including solubility in artificial lysosomal fluid, of NiO and time-course changes in the pulmonary response, we conducted an intratracheal instillation study in male Fischer rats using four different well-characterized NiO products, US3352 (NiO A), NovaWireNi01 (NiO B), I small particle (NiO C), and 637130 (NiO D). The NiOs were suspended in purified water and instilled once intratracheally into male F344 rats (12 weeks old) at 0 (vehicle control), 0.67, 2, and 6 mg/kg body weight. The animals were euthanized on days 3, 28, or 91 after instillation, and blood analysis, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) testing, and histopathological examination were performed. The most soluble product, NiO B, caused the most severe systemic toxicity, leading to a high mortality rate, but the response was transient and surviving animals recovered. The second-most-soluble material, NiO D, and the third, NiO A, caused evident pulmonary inflammation, and the responses persisted for at least 91 days with collagen proliferation. In contrast, NiO C induced barely detectable inflammation in the BALF examination, and no marked changes were noted on histopathology. These results indicate that the early phase toxic potential of NiO products, but not the persistence of pulmonary inflammation, is associated with their solubility.