Prevention of isinglass on the chronic atrophic gastritis in rats and its mechanism

AIM: To evaluate the effect of isinglass on chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG) in rats and its mechanism. METHODS: An animal model of CAG in accordance with the previous experience of combined administration of 60% ethanol, 20 mmol/L sodium deoxycholate and 0.1% ammonia water was established in SD rats. Isinglass was used as preventive therapy while we were establishing CAG rat model. Finally all the rats were executed and pathologic changes of the gastric mucosa were studied by gross appearance and microscopy and serum epidermal growth factor (EFG) and growth hormone(GH) contents were tested. RESULTS: In each isinglass prevention group, inflammation grade of gastric antrum was less than that in model group (P<0.01) while the mean ratio of the thickness of gastric mucosal gland and muscularis mucosa (L1/L2), the number of gastric glands in 1 mm lengths of mucosal layer in longitudinal sections were much better than those in model group (P<0.01).They were very close to normal control group (P>0.05). The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in gastric mucosa and serum EFG level were higher than those in model group (P<0.01, P<0.05), but serum GH content showed no different between isinglass prevention group and model group. CONCLUSION: Isinglass preventes the gastric mucosal atrophy in the CAG model. Its mechanism may be related to the effects of decreasing the gastric mucosal damage， promoting the cell proliferation and increasing of internal EFG secretion.     

Effect of Ganoderma lucidum spores powder on the expression of IGF-1, NF-κB and apoptosis of nerve cells in the brain from epileptic rat

AIM: To investigate the effect of Ganoderma lucidum spores powder on the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and apoptosis of nerve cells in rats with epilepsy established by pentetrazole. METHODS: The sub-eclampsia dosage of pentetrazole (PTZ) was used to make epilepsy model. Ganoderma lucidum spores powder group was given from stomach. The enduring time and latent period were recorded. The immune reactivity of IGF-1, NF-κB/P65 and apoptosis of nerve cells were measured with immunohistochemical staining and TUNEL method. RESULTS: In high power sight (×400), there were much more apoptosis cells in hippocampus and brain cortex of model group (18.80±2.13, 16.87±2.00) than those in control group (0.97±0.52, 0.58±0.25). The expressions of IGF-1, NF-κB in model group were higher than those in control group. Compared with model group, the latent period of Ganoderma lucidum spores powder group at the 17th, 21th, 25th days were longer (P<0.05, P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively).There were less apoptosis cells in hippocampus and brain cortex of Ganoderma lucidum spores powder group (12.30±2.46, 10.48±1.33) than those in model group. The expression of NF-κB/P65 in Ganoderma lucidum spores powder group was lower than that in model group, but the immune reactivity of IGF-1 increased more distinctly in Ganoderma lucidum spores powder group than that in model group. CONCLUSION: IGF-1, NF-κB and apoptosis of nerve cells may have play a role in occurrence and development of PTZ-induced epilepsy. Ganoderma lucidum spores powder can suppress expression of NF-κB strongly, and facilitate the immune reactivity of IGF-1, which may be one of the mechanisms by which Ganoderma lucidum spores powder restrains the apoptosis of nerve cells caused by epilepsy to prevent the damages of nerve cells.     

Effect of smoking on GSH and γ-GCS in lungs of rats and the protective role of N-acetylcysteine

AIM: To investigate the effects of cigarette smoking on the GSH and γ-GCS in SD rats, and the protective role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC). METHODS: SD rats were exposed to cigarette smoke, and GSH concentrations in BALF were measured by GSH-specific DTNB-GSH reductase recycling assay. Expression of γ-GCS protein in lung tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Exposure to cigarette smoking increased GSH content in BALF and the expression of γ-GCS protein in the lung tissue of SD rats. CONCLUSION: Cigarette smoking affects intracellular GSH concentration and the expression of γ-GCS protein in lungs of SD rats. NAC attenuates the inflammatory reaction resulting from cigarette smoking.     

Porcine surfactant in treatment of LPS-induced early-stage acute lung injury in rats

AIM: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of intratracheal instillation of porcine pulmonary surfactant (PPS) in rats with lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced early-stage ALI in this study.METHODS: SD rats weighing 200 g-300 g were randomly divided into 4 groups: LPS (1.5 mg·kg-1)+saline,LPS+PPS 100 mg·kg^-1,LPS+PPS 150 mg·kg^-1,LPS+PPS 200 mg·kg^-1.The PaO₂ and PaCO₂,as well as survival rate of rats were examined for 6 h after the start of PPS-instillation.Then,rats were killed and lungs were immediately removed for lung index (LI) and histological analysis.The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for measurement of total protein (TP) contents,TNF-α level and white blood cell(WBC) numbers.RESULTS: Significantly increased PaO₂,reduced mortality rate,decreased total protein and TNF-α contents in BAL,as well as lung index and meliorated histological appearance were observed in three PPS-treated groups compared with group given saline after LPS (P<0.05).The therapeutic effect in PPS150 and PPS200 groups was better than that in PPS100 group.CONCLUSION: Intratracheal PPS instillation provides protective effect on acute lung injury in rats induced by LPS.     

A Syndrome Resembling Idiopathic Noncirrhotic Portal Hypertension in 4 Young Doberman Pinschers

We describe 4 young male Doberman Pinschers (3 littermates and 1 unrelated dog) with a syndrome resembling idiopathic or noncirrhotic portal hypertension of humans. Each dog was evaluated for a hepatopathy resulting in portal hypertension, development of portosystemic collateral vessels, and hepatic encephalopathy. These dogs differ from previous reports of young dogs with hepatic insufficiency associated with portal hypertension and acquired portal systemic shunting by their lack of intrahepatic arteriovenous fistulae, portal vein atresia, or intrahepatic fibrosis. Clinicopathologic features included erythrocyte microcytosis, normal to mildly increased liver enzyme activities, increased concentrations of serum bile acids, reduced plasma indocyanine green clearance, and normal total bilirubin concentration. Abdominal ultrasonography disclosed a small liver and portosystemic collateral vessels. Radiographic imaging studies confirmed hepatofugal portal circulation and discounted hepatic arteriovenous fistulae. Histopathologic features in liver tissue from each dog were similar and consistent in all sections examined. Common findings included increased cross-sectional views of hepatic arterioles; hepatic lobular atrophy; scanty increase in connective tissue around some large portal triads; and absence of inflammation, disturbed lobular architecture, bile duct proliferation, or intrahepatic cholestasis.     

山区道路生态环境评价指标体系研究

针对山区道路的生态环境特性，遵循评价指标选取的原则，采用层次分析法对目标层山区道路生态环境评价指标进行了筛选、优化，最终形成了2大类准则层（自然环境指标、社会环境指标）和17个指标层的山区道路生态环境评价指标体系。     

鸡马杜霉素急性中毒及其脂质过氧化关系的研究

本文在实验条件下人工诱发鸡马杜霉素急性中毒，观察中毒症状及病理变化，测定受损靶器官的脂质过氧化物的含量及相关酶的活性，以及肝细胞色素Ｐ－４５０的含量。实验结果表明：鸡马杜霉素急性中毒的主要临床症状是腹泻、腿无力或麻痹；肉眼病变是全身性充血、淤血及少数组织出血；显微镜检病变是肝脏、心肌及腿肌出血与变性；肝脏的脂质过氧化物的含量及过氧化氢酶的活性显著增加；肝Ｐ－４５０的含量显著增加；但是心肌与腿肌的脂     

Effects of CSF-1,IL-1α on CSF-1 receptor gene expression in rat dental follicle cells

AIM: To study the effects of colony stimulating factor(CSF-1) and IL-1α on CSF-1 receptor mRNA levels and to determine if the autocrine effect is inhibited through the CSF-1 receptor.METHODS: Rat dental follicle cells were cultured in vitro.The effects of different concentrations of CSF-1 and IL-1α on CSF-1 receptor gene expression were detected by means of RT-PCR.RESULTS: High concentrations of CSF-1 reduced the gene expression of the CSF-1 receptor. IL-1α had no effects on CSF-1 receptor mRNA levels.CONCLUSION: High concentrations of CSF-1 inhibit the expression of CSF-1 receptor.IL-1α has no effect on the expression of CSF-1 receptor mRNA.     

福建省1990-2009年森林火灾减灾投资效益分析

根据福建省1990-2009年森林火灾统计资料，以减少生态、经济和社会效益损失为目的，运用灾害经济学理论对相关数据进行实证研究．结果表明：福建省近20年来虽然不断提高森林防火的投入，但在减灾效益方面收到的效果却仍不理想．造成森林火灾减灾效益较低的主要原因分别是重大森林火灾发生率提高、森林单位面积综合价值提升及气候变化异常．