桃RAPD扩增产物的不同电泳检测及其序列特征分析

以16个桃品种为试验材料,选用11个碱基引物以及严格筛选PCR退火温度的RAPD技术,对琼脂糖凝胶及聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测的RAPD、PCR扩增产物进行比较.结果表明,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测出的总谱带及多态性谱带数均高于琼脂糖凝胶,前者不存在或少存在共迁移性的现象.随机选取19个片段,发现其中有6条是编码蛋白的基因片段,说明RAPD不仅扩增基因组上的非编码蛋白序列,同时可扩增编码蛋白的基因片段,能够较全面客观地反映不同桃品种遗传上的差异.     

蓖麻蚕线粒体基因组中nd1及其侧翼tRNA基因的克隆与结构分析

按KoichiroTamura等 (1988)的方法制备出蓖麻蚕线粒体DNA ,用EcoRⅠ和XbaⅠ双酶解后 ,以pSK(+)(Ampr)为载体进行克隆 ,获得 1个 3 3kb的克隆片段。测序结果表明 ,所测序列包括部分 16SrRNA、完整的tRNA Leu ,nd1和tRNA Ser基因。其中 16SrRNA(3’端部分 )、nd1基因与家蚕具有很高的同源性。同时以nd1基因为依据构建了 17种动物的分子进化树 ,显示出蓖麻蚕与家蚕、野蚕有最近的演化关系。根据tRNA Leu和tRNA Ser基因的一级结构 ,推定了可能的二级结构 ,并与家蚕进行了比较。     

BmNPV-ZJ iap1基因的克隆、序列分析及其对哺乳动物细胞NF-κB的调节作用研究(英文)

利用PCR法克隆得到家蚕核型多角体病毒镇江株 (BmNPV ZJ)的iap 1基因。序列同源分析表明 :BmNPV ZJ的iap 1全长为 85 8bp ,与BmNPV T3株的碱基同源性为 96 % ,与BmNPV T3株相比少了一段编码 7个氨基酸的区域 ,该缺失区域的两侧有着独特的结构 :缺失区的 5′侧为连续编码 7个天冬氨酸的序列 ;缺失区的 3′侧为连续编码3个天冬氨酸的序列。NCBI的DART(DomainArchitectureRetrievalTool)功能域搜索表明 ;BmNPV ZJ的iap1含有 2个杆状病毒BIR功能域 ,但不含RING区域。BmNPV的iap是否具有抗凋亡作用迄今尚未见报道。利用以NF κB为探针的凝胶阻滞分析表明 ,BmNPV ZJ的iap1转染鼠的pc12细胞 ,可逆转肿瘤坏死因子TNFα处理pc12细胞引起的核因子 κB(NF κB)的激活。BmNPV ZJ的iap1对NF κB的作用途径及作用方式 ,以及其对哺乳动物细胞的细胞凋亡相关作用的研究正在进行之中     

国际棉花基因组测序计划解读

通过对陈增建等2007年发表于美国《植物生理学》的《棉花基因组测序白皮书》等文章的综合理解,来解读国际棉花基因组测序的意义与展望,以及国际基因组织在棉花基因组测序的方法、重点突破方向、目标等方面达成的共识。为棉花种质研究和品种改良提供参考。     

Polymorphisms in MCT1, CD147, PDK4, and DMRT3 genes in Arabian and Quarter Horses

Monocarboxylate transporter isoform 1 (MCT1) and its ancillary protein, CD147 function to transport H⁺ and lactate ions, retarding systemic acidosis and fatigue. The PDK4 gene is involved in the adenosine triphosphate production, and the DMRT3 gene is involved in the locomotor system. This study investigated polymorphisms of MCT1, CD147, PDK4, and DMRT3 in Arabian and Quarter Horses to associate polymorphisms with performance. Arabian Horses were divided into high performance and untrained horses groups based on success in endurance competition, whereas Quarter Horses were separated by a speed index. Polymorphisms were analyzed by sequencing (MCT1 and CD147), ARMS-PCR (PDK4), and PCR-RFLP (DMRT3). To compare the frequencies of SNPs, the Fisher's exact test was performed in the software R at 5% of significance. The A alleles from the polymorphisms Lys457Gln:1573A>C of MCT1 and Ile51Val:168A>G of CD147 were essentially fixed in both breeds. Only two Arabian from the high performance and one from the untrained horses group appeared AC in MCT1. For the DMRT3 polymorphism (g.22999655C>A:ECA23), all the animals were CC, except one Arabian in the high and two Quarter Horses in the low performance group that were AC. For the PDK4 polymorphism (g.38973231A>G:ECA4), Arabian showed a significantly greater frequency of the G allele than Quarter Horses (P < .01). Considering the kind of exercise practiced by each breed, it is likely that the PDK4 polymorphism influences the pathway to energy production.     

Novel polymorphisms of the IGF1R gene and their association with average daily gain in Egyptian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

The objective of this study was to detect insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) polymorphisms, their allele, and genotype frequencies and to determine associations between these polymorphisms and growth traits in Egyptian water buffalo. Three loci of the IGF1R coding region were amplified by RT-PCR and, subsequently, subjected to sequence analysis, followed by single-strand conformation polymorphism to identify different allelic patterns. A total of 11 novel polymorphisms were detected; 6 SNPs among Egyptian water buffaloes and 5 polymorphisms compared with Indian buffalo (Y12700). Three of those polymorphisms; GAG Indel polymorphism, C261G, and G263C SNPs, were nonsynonymous mutations. The GAG Indel polymorphism led to deletion of E (glutamic) amino acid (aa) in the IGF1R of Egyptian water buffaloes compared with Indian buffalo. However, C261G SNP, which replaced A (alanine) by G (glycine) aa, and G263C SNP, which changed A (alanine) to P (proline) aa, were detected among Egyptian water buffaloes. Three different single-strand conformation polymorphism patterns were observed in exon 21: CC/CC, GG/GG, and CG/GC with frequencies of 0.291, 0.253, and 0.556, respectively. The heterozygous animals (CG/GC) had a higher ADG than homozygous animals (CC/CC and GG/GG) from birth to 6 mo of age. We conclude that the heterozygous haplotype, C261G/G263C, in exon 21 of the IGF1R gene is associated with the ADG during the early stages of life (from birth to 6 mo of age) and could be used as a genetic marker for selection of growth traits in Egyptian buffalo.     

苹果锈果类病毒新疆分离物的克隆和序列分析

利用自行设计的方法分离提取总RNA,通过一对特异引物,扩增出苹果锈果类病毒的全长片段,该片段通过回收、克隆和测序,结果发现该片段全长330bp,与已发表的NC_001340同源性为99.7%,仅在第126有一个碱基差异。由此证明该片段是苹果锈果类病毒的全长序列,进一步证明该反应体系能很好地用于苹果锈果类病毒的RT-PCR检测,为快速鉴定类病毒奠定了良好基础。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒基因组A片段cDNA序列分析

用鸡胚成纤维细胞繁殖鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒（IBDV）天水毒株。用提纯的病毒颗粒提取基因组RNA。根据已报道的英国52／70株的序列设计引物，用反转录－聚合酶链式反应（RT－PCR）进行cDNA扩增，获得1558bp和1590bp两个部分重叠的片段。结果表明，所克隆片段为3099的IBDV大开放读框。经与已报道的多个毒株相应序列比较后发现，核苷酸同源性介于97.4%-99.8%之间，推导的氨基酸同源性介于98.1%-99.5%。     

不同源性大肠杆菌多药耐药基因AcrA、AcrB部分基因的同源性分析

通过聚合聚链式反应从不同源性大肠杆菌的染色体DNA上扩增出大肠杆菌多药耐药基因AcrA,AcrB的部分片段，将该片段分别连接到克隆载体pMD-18T的BamHI,XhoI酶切位点中，测定插入片段的核苷酸序列，并分别推导出其氨基酸序列。序列分析表明，不同源性大肠杆菌的AcrA的部分基因的核苷酸序列及所推导的氨基酸序列与GeneBank中该基因序列的同源性较高；不同源性大肠杆菌的AcrB的部分基因的核苷酸序列的同源性较低。所推导的氨基酸序列与GeneBank中该基因序列的同源性较高。     

梅PGIP基因的克隆及全序列分析

 通过PCR扩增, 从梅基因组中得到1条全长1 192 bp的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶抑制蛋白( PGIP)基因序列。该序列包含有1个完整的开放阅读框和1个内元。比对结果表明, 克隆到的序列与桃、马哈利樱桃中相应序列一致度分别为96%和95% , 其蛋白质序列与桃、马哈利樱桃的蛋白质序列一致度分别为97%和94%。该蛋白质序列中包含着一段亮氨酸重复序列。