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Pollinator assemblages may shift as a consequence of the destruction and fragmentation of natural habitats. The scarcity of mates and pollinators can lead plant populations to suffer from pollen limitation and a decrease in reproductive performance within fragmented areas. We studied the shift in pollinator assemblages along with pollen limitation and seed production patterns in the Mediterranean shrub Myrtus communis. Our study included six populations contrasting in patch and population size (Large vs. Small) within a fragmented landscape characterized by ∼1% of potential forest coverage. The breeding system in Myrtus communis was self-compatible, but compared with natural pollination, fruit set increased with pollen addition (quantity limited), and seed set (brood size) increased with outcross pollen addition (quality limited). While the pollinator assemblage in Large patches was taxonomically diverse, it was almost monopolized by honeybees in Small patches, where visitation rates were highest and wild bee species were almost absent. In general, Small populations were less pollen limited for fruit set than Large populations, particularly those that received the highest rates of honeybee visits. However, despite differences in fragmentation and pollinators between Large and Small populations, seed production patterns (brood size and seed mass) were rather similar among them, in agreement with similar pollen limitation levels found for brood size. A higher susceptibility of native pollinators to the presence of honeybee hives was found in Small patches, suggesting that the pollinator assemblage may be severely altered when fragmentation occurs in combination with beekeeping. We discuss its implications and effects on plant reproduction in fragmented areas. 相似文献
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本研究以新疆特有濒危保护植物矮沙冬青(Ammmopiptanthus nanus(M.Pop.)Chengf)的种子为材料,用不同渗透势浓度的聚乙二醇(PEG6000)模拟干旱胁迫,探讨干旱胁迫对矮沙冬青种子发芽率、平均发芽速度、胚轴和胚根长度及发芽指数、活力指数的影响。结果表明,不同浓度PEG胁迫处理均降低了种子的发芽率,延缓了矮沙冬青种了萌发进程;种子的发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数均随胁迫强度的增加呈明显下降趋势。当-1.20MPa的PEG胁迫处理的种子在试验结束时仍未能萌发,表明-1.20MPa是矮沙冬青种子萌发的临界水势。PEG模拟十旱胁迫中,当PEG处理为-0.2MPa时,虽然最终发芽率与对照一样,但其胚根、胚轴的长度都比对照短,说明矮沙冬青胚根、胚轴的生长比发芽率对干旱胁迫更敏感。干旱胁迫可能是导致矮沙冬青种群天然更新能力弱的原因之一。本研究将为矮沙冬青种质资源的保护和种群的恢复提供科学依据。 相似文献
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The aspartic acid,tyrosine and serine contents of leaves were found reduced in prematurely reddened leaves of hirsutum cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) as compared to healthy green leaves. Amino acids other than those listed above were higher in the affected red leaves. Amino acids threonine and proline increased 63.7 and 2.3 fold over green leaves respectively. Chemical sprays not only maintained the levels of various amino acids at par with green leaf but tended to increase the concentration above the levels obtained in normally found green leaf. However, threonine level was dropped in treated leaves as compared to partly affected red leaf and chemical sprays significantly reduced the leaf reddening when it was sprayed before flowering. It can be suggested that the leaf reddening can possibly be arrested by monitoring threonine content in leaves of hirsutum cotton ov. L‐147. 相似文献
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种子纯度在种子生产中的重要性日益提升,分子标记技术因其具有高效、稳定、可靠等优点越来越多地被应用到种子纯度鉴定中。本研究利用SSR分子标记技术对黄瓜杂交品系‘浙秀1号’及其两亲本之间的多态性进行了引物筛选和种子纯度鉴定研究。结果表明,在699对供选SSR引物中,有3对引物分别在‘浙秀1号’杂交种和其双亲之间表现为稳定的共显性,杂交种带型为双亲的互补带型,适合于杂交种纯度鉴定。经田间试验验证,引物稳定性良好,且与田间鉴定结果非常接近,可用于‘浙秀1号’杂交种种子纯度的鉴定,显示出SSR标记技术在黄瓜杂交种子纯度的室内快速检测中有广泛应用前景。 相似文献
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为了解低温中期种质库[(−2±2)℃]贮藏下普通小麦种子的衰老或存活特性及贮藏前环境相同的同一基因型种子在真空密封和非真空包装保存中的种子寿命差异,探讨低温中期种质库延长种子寿命的适宜种子包装方式,分析了两种包装的89份普通小麦种子保存11年的存活分布、衰退率(1/σ)、初始质量(Ki)、平均寿命(P50)和贮藏寿命(log σ)。结果表明, 两种包装89份种子的衰老或存活频率均符合正态分布,但是部分基因型种子的衰退率和寿命因不同包装而出现差异。贮藏前环境及种子水分相同的同一基因型种子,真空密封保存较非真空贮藏显著衰老的比例小、程度轻,因而真空密封贮藏更利于维持种子寿命。虽然真空密封保存的种子较非真空贮藏的种子Ki值高,但并不支持Ki值是种子初始质量或潜在种子寿命的假设。 相似文献
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