葡萄籽提取物中原花青素含量研究

[目的]探讨葡萄籽提取物中原花青素含量的测定方法。[方法]基于原花青素在强酸作用下转化为花青素的原理,采用分光光度法对葡萄籽提取物中原花青素的含量进行测定,并对标准物的选择、样品浓度范围和反应时间进行探讨,确定了采用盐酸-正丁醇法测定原花青素的方法。[结果]以原花青素为标准品,样品浓度范围为85~100μg/ml,检测波长为550 nm,反应时间为65 min,反应温度为100℃,结果稳定可靠,其相对标准偏差和加标回收率分别为0.32%~0.79%和97.6-98.8%,测定线性范围为0~200μg/ml。[结论]采用盐酸-正丁醇法测定葡萄籽中原花青素含量具有较高的精密度和准确度。     

马尾松树皮中原花青素抗衰老作用研究

[目的]研究马尾松树皮中原花青素抗衰老的作用。[方法]以商品化的大豆异黄酮产品作为对照,考察了马尾松树皮中原花青素精制物对小白鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)的活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。[结果]与大豆异黄酮相比,马尾松树皮中原花青素能显著地提高SOD和GSH-PX的酶活力,在抗脂质过氧化方面则与大豆异黄酮相当。[结论]马尾松树皮原花青素具有很强的抗衰老作用。     

板栗壳中原花青素大孔吸附树脂分离纯化工艺优化

比较了12种大孔吸附树脂对板栗壳中原花青素的吸附与解吸性能,在静态吸附研究基础上,筛选出效果较好的树脂进行动态试验,并对所得组分原花青素含量及其相对分子量进行分析.结果表明,AB-8大孔吸附树脂分离纯化CSPCs效果最佳,上样质量浓度为1.864 mg/mL,流速为2 mL/min;当用体积分数为50％乙醇以1 mL/min的流速洗脱4个柱体积时,CSPCs的累积回收率可达94.2％,含量为89.8％.经质谱分析,分子量范围为289.4 ～1 154.9,聚合度在4以内.     

Protective effect of procyanidins on PC12 cells exposed to Aβ25-35

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of procyanidins on the PC12 cells exposed to Aβ_25-35 and the mechanisms.METHODS: Aβ_25-35 at 25 μmol/L was used to treat the PC12 cells for 48 h, and the PC12 cells were pretreated with procyanidins at 25, 50 and 100 mg/L for 24 h. The cell vitality was measured by MTT assay. The content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by DCFH-DA staining. The change of mitochondrial membrane potential was examined by JC-10 staining. The apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI double staining. The protein levels of activated caspase-3 was determined by Western blot.RESULTS: Under the exposure of the PC12 cells to Aβ_25-35, procyanidins increased the cell viability, reduced intracellular ROS level, prevented mitochondrial membrane potential decline, attenuated the caspase-3 activation and inhibited the apoptosis of PC12 cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Procyanidins have a significant protective effect on the PC12 cells exposed to Aβ_25-35. Its mechanism may be related to removing intracellular ROS induced by Aβ_25-35, relieving the damage to the mitochondrial membrane, and thereby inhibiting cell apoptosis.     

吐鲁番地区常见品种葡萄籽中原花青素和脂肪含量的测定

[目的]测定吐鲁番地区常见葡萄品种葡萄籽中活性成分的含量。[方法]以吐鲁番地区常见的13个葡萄品种的葡萄籽为材料,测定并比较各品种葡萄籽中原花青素和脂肪的含量。[结果]在各品种葡萄籽中,和田红葡萄籽的脂肪含量最高,达21.5%;玛奶子葡萄籽次之,为21.0%;星浦一号葡萄籽最少,仅12.5%。原花青素含量最高的葡萄籽是黑提,达9.150%;赤霞珠次之,为8.790%;哈什汉最少,仅3.800%。[结论]该研究为吐鲁番地区葡萄籽的综合开发利用提供了理论依据。     

Identification of buckwheat phenolic compounds by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (RP-HPLC–ESI-TOF-MS)

This study describes the characterization of phenolic compounds in buckwheat. Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) coupled to electrospray ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS) has been applied to separate and characterize thirty phenolic compounds in buckwheat flour. As far as we know, 2-hydroxy-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosil-benzoic acid, 1-O-caffeoyl-6-O-alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-β-glycopyranoside and epicatechin-3-(3″-O-methyl) gallate were tentatively identified in buckwheat for the first time. The sensitivity, mass accuracy and true isotopic pattern of the TOF-MS, legitimated the identification of phenolic compounds present in buckwheat extract.     

Effects of procyanidins on oxidative damage of osteocytes caused by TCP wear particles

AIM: To investigate the effects of procyanidins (PC) on oxidative damage of osteocytes caused by tricalcium phosphate (TCP) wear particles, and to explore the underling mechanism. METHODS: Mouse long bone osteocyte MLO-Y4 cells were treated with TCP wear particles (0.1 g/L) for 48 h to establish the model of osteocyte injuries. The MLO-Y4 cells were divided into 4 groups:control group, TCP group, PC (10 μmol/L) group and PC (50 μmol/L) group. Calcein-AM staining and MTT assay were used to observe the viability of MLO-Y4 cells. The levels of dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP-1), sclerostin (SOST) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the culture media were examined by ELISA. The apoptosis of MLO-Y4 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI double staining. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of MLO-Y4 cells, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release in the culture media were measured by chemical colorimetry. The protein levels of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), cleaved caspase-1 and IL-1β in the MLO-Y4 cells were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with control group, MLO-Y4 cell injuries, apoptosis rate and MDA level were obviously increased in TCP group, while SOD activity was significantly decreased (P<0.05) The protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1 and IL-1β were remarkably up-regulated (P<0.05) in the MLO-Y4 cells, and the level of IL-1β and LDH release were increased in the culture media (P<0.05). Compared with TCP group, the injuries of MLO-Y4 cells, apoptosis rate and MDA level were decreased obviously (P<0.05) in PC groups, whereas SOD activity was increased (P<0.05). The protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1 and IL-1β were down-regulated remarkably in the MLO-Y4 cells (P<0.05), and the level of IL-1β and LDH release were significantly decreased in the culture media (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: PC obviously inhibit oxidative damage of osteocytes caused by TCP wear particles, which may be related to alleviating NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis.     

The antiradiation action of oligomeric procyanidins

AIM:To assess the antiradiation effect of oligomeric procyanidins. METHODS:The hemolysis, malondialdehyde(MDA) levels of mouse liver homogenates and the broken degree of DNA single-strain after being irradiated by ultraviolet were examined. RESULTS:Oligomeric procyanidins significantly reduced the hemolysis of erythrocytes induced by ultraviolet irradiation, inhibited the increase in MDA levels of irradiated mouse liver homogenates (P＜0.01), and raised the percentage of supercoil configuration of plasmid PUC₁₈ irradiated with ultraviolet(P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:Oligomeric procyanidins has an antiradiation effect, the mechanism may be related to its antioxidant action.     

原花青素对猪精液常温保存效果的影响

为探究常温保存稀释液中添加原花青素(OPC)对猪精液保存效果的影响,本实验在经典猪精液稀释液BTS中添加0、10、20、30、40、50、60、70μg/mL OPC,检测17℃保存过程中猪精子活率、质膜和顶体完整性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)及精液丙二醛(MDA)含量等指标。结果表明:在经典猪精液稀释液BTS中添加OPC,随着添加浓度的增大,其对精子的保护作用呈先上升后下降的趋势,且添加浓度达50μg/mL时,效果最佳,可显著提高常温保存过程中猪精子活率、质膜和顶体完整率(P0.05);当保存至第5天时,精子活率仍为61.63%、质膜完整率为41.88%、顶体完整率为75.88%、T-AOC浓度为1.43 U/mL、MDA含量为2.37 nmol/mL。因此,在经典猪精液稀释液BTS中添加50μg/mLOPC能够提高猪精液常温保存效果,延长精液保存时间。