河间气象站平行观测数据对比分析

利用2009年1月～2010年12月河间自动气象站和人工观测的气压、气温、相对湿度资料,对其资料进行统计对比分析并探讨两者差值的形成原因。结果表明,自动站与人工观测值月平均气压差值为-0.2～0.3 hPa,月平均最高气压差值为0～0.5 hPa,月平均最低气压差值为-0.4～0.3 hPa,月极端最高气压差值为-0.2～0.9 hPa,月极端最低气压差值为-0.6～0.6 hPa;月平均气温差值为0～0.2℃,月平均最高气温差值为0～0.2℃,月平均最低气温差值为-0.1～0.4℃,月极端最高气温差值为-0.2～0.6℃,月极端最低气温差值为-0.3～0.6℃;月平均相对湿度差值为-3%～3%,月最小相对湿度差值为-9%～3%。气象要素对比观测差值产生的原因主要有观测仪器和观测原理的差异、数据采集时间与方法不同、感应器安装位置及所处环境不同以及人工干预与观测误差等主观因素。     

我国森林生物多样性变化的评价研究

应用控制论中“黑箱”理论的原理 ,参考经济合作与发展组织 (OECD)对环境政策影响的评价和芬兰森林资源核算的研究 ,创造性地使用压力 -状态响应评价法 ,设计了森林生物多样性变化评价的框架、指标和计算公式 ,并使用该方法对我国 1973年 - 1998年的森林生物多样性的变化进行了评价。评价结果表明 :1973年 -1998年 ,我国森林生物多样性的压力越来越大 ;森林生态系统多样性先逐渐上升 ,尔后又逐渐下降 ;森林物种多样性和森林生物多样性总体趋势增加 ,但第四次资源清查之后有所下降     

Effect of erythropoietin on expression of myocardial NADPH oxidase in pressure overload rats

AIM:To explore the effect of erythropoietin （EPO） on the expression of myocardial NADPH oxidase （Nox） in the pressure overload rats. METHODS:Male SD rats (n=36) were used to establish a pressure overload myocardial hypertrophy model by abdominal aorta ligation. The animals were divided into model group, control group (sham, without narrowing abdominal aorta, the rest of the operation was the same as the model) and recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) treatment group (intraperitoneal injection of rhEPO postoperatively, 4 000 U/kg, twice a week). After 8 weeks, the cardiac ultrasound imaging and hemodynamic evaluation were conducted to determine the cardiac functions. Masson staining was used to observe the degree of myocardial fibrosis. The expression of Nox2 and Nox4 at mRNA and protein levels was detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting. The protein levels of myocardial inflammatory factors CD45, F4/80 and TGF-β were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS:Compared with model group, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular end-systolic pressure (LVESP) and left ventricular pressure maximum rising and falling rates (±dp/dtmax) increased significantly in EPO treatment group (P<0.01). At the same time, left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were decreased in EPO treatment group (P<0.01). EPO reduced the degree of myocardial fibrosis caused by pressure overload (P<0.01) and decreased the expression of Nox2 and Nox4 at mRNA and protein levels in the myocardium (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and reduced the protein expression of myocardial inflammatory factors CD45, F4/80 and TGF-β. CONCLUSION: EPO inhibits rat myocar-dial fibrosis induced by pressure overload, improves heart functions by decreasing NADPH oxidase activity and inhibiting myocardial oxidative stress levels and myocardial inflammatory reaction.     

Feasibility and repeatability of cold and mechanical quantitative sensory testing in normal dogs

Feasibility and inter-session repeatability of cold and mechanical quantitative sensory testing (QST) were assessed in 24 normal dogs. Cold thermal latencies were evaluated using a thermal probe (0 °C) applied to three pelvic limb sites. Mechanical thresholds were measured using an electronic von Frey anesthesiometer (EVF) and a blunt-probed pressure algometer (PA) applied to the dorsal aspect of the metatarsus. All QST trials were performed with dogs in lateral recumbency. Collection of cold QST data was easy (feasible) in 19/24 (79%) dogs. However, only 18.4%, 18.9% and 13.2% of cold QST trials elicited a response at the medial tibia, third digital pad and plantar metatarsal regions, respectively. Collection of mechanical QST data was easy (feasible) in 20/24 (83%) dogs for both EVF and PA.At consecutive sampling times, approximately 2 weeks apart, the average EVF sensory thresholds were 414 ± 186 g and 379 ± 166 g, respectively, and the average PA sensory thresholds were 1089 ± 414 g and 1028 ± 331 g, respectively. There was no significant difference in inter-session or inter-limb threshold values for either mechanical QST device. The cold QST protocol in this study was achievable, but did not provide consistently quantifiable results. Both mechanical QST devices tested provided repeatable, reliable sensory threshold measurements in normal, client-owned dogs. These findings contribute to the validation of the EVF and PA as tools to obtain repeated QST data over time in dogs to assess somatosensory processing changes.     

Pressure Regulating Pressure of A New Pressure Regulating Valve with Spring

本文研究一种新型农业用调压阀结构,调压原理为弹簧调压。通过弹簧调压试验,得出弹簧为同一型号时,改变系统的入口压力,其出口压力降低并基本保持不变;入口压力一定时,弹簧的直径型号越小,出口压力越低,即弹簧调压作用越明显。     

谈UV淋幕式平面涂装机的成幕

目前，UV淋幕式平面涂装机在我国尚处研制阶段，其成幕原理各说不一。就成幕而言，既可因重力自流而成，也可靠施加压力动压而成。本文根据分析计算和实例认为，适合竹木板材的UV油漆必须加压成幕。     

压力传感器的计算机标定与测量

就流体技术领域中的压力传感器标定和测量方法进行了讨论，提出了工业现场情况下的采样技术，还对测量参数的非线性处理和计算机规范化进行了表述。     

超高压处理对鲜切山药片质量的影响

为研究适宜的鲜切山药片的保藏方法,采用超高压处理对鲜切山药片进行保鲜。将鲜切山药片分别采用0MPa、200MPa、400MPa和600MPa加压处理10min后,在4℃条件下贮藏9d,分析超高压处理对贮藏期间鲜切山药片中细菌总数、多酚氧化酶活性、褐变指数、可溶性固形物、总酸和维生素C含量的影响。结果表明:600MPa压力处理10min后,可抑制于褐变相关的多酚氧化酶,抑制微生物生长,产品在4℃条件下贮藏9d后,仍然可具有较好的理化指标,表明该法是一种较好的鲜切山药片的保藏方法。     

黑木耳块精加工工艺的研究

散装黑木耳容积林，重量轻，易破碎，是贮运的难题。本研究确定了黑木耳块的精加工工艺。通过软化，加压，干燥等项试验，分析了黑木耳的含水率，设备系统压力，环境温度等因素对黑木耳块加工的影响，确定了温度为１０－２５℃，含水率为２０％－２２％，压力为１１ＭＰａ是工艺最佳参数，根据此工艺，又确定了液压专用设备。     

磁控摆开式呼吸阀

机械呼吸阀是油罐的重要附件，几址年来我国油库使用的机械呼吸阀基本形式是阀盘在水平面内，靠自重或弹力控制罐内压力，阀盘工作时沿导杆升降。这种呼吸阀的主要问题是：沿导杆运动引起的机械故障多；阀盘自重大，使阀盘工作时开度小，通气量小，严重时造成油罐受损。