Role of pp60c-src in human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation induced by high hydrostatic pressure

AIM: To investigate whether or not short-term high pressure proliferates human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and the role of pp60c-src in cell proliferation. METHODS: Cultured HUVECs of 3-6th passage were exposed to atmosphere 0 mmHg (AP), 120 mmHg (MP), 180 mmHg (HP) and interfered with captopril(Cap, 10 μmol/L)or irbesartan(Irb, 10 μmol/L). Cell proliferation was quantified by measuring hexosaminidase activity. The content of pp60c-src in cells was investigated by Western blotting. RESULTS:① Hexosaminidase activities which reflected cell number increased significantly at 4 h in MP and HP(0.145±0.018 and 0.144±0.019 vs 0.118±0.003,P＜0.01). Correspondingly, the expression of pp60c-src of 2 h in MP or HP groups was higher than that in AP which increased slowly to reach the level in MP and HP groups at 4 h. ② Cap and Irb had no effect on cell proliferation at each time points in AP group , but increased the hexosaminidase activities in MP and HP groups at 12 h. The contents of pp60c-src in groups with or without intervention of Cap or Irb were similar at each time points. CONCLUSION: High hydrostatic pressure induces early cell proliferation. The expression of pp60c-src occurs before cell proliferation in different pressure groups, which suggests that pp60c-src is involved in signal transmission pathway of pressure-induced cell proliferation. This process is not regulated mainly by renin-angiotensin system (RAS).     

New monitoring concept of moisture content distribution in wood during RF/vacuum drying

A new method for monitoring moisture content during radio-frequency (RF)/vacuum drying was developed by measurement of temperature and pressure in wood. Temperature and pressure inside the wood were measured simultaneously during RF/vacuum drying at the same point. The relative humidity (RH) and moisture content (MC) below the fiber saturation point (FSP) were calculated based on temperature and pressure, and the relationship between the temperature, RH, and equilibrium moisture content (EMC) at the measurement point. When the moisture content was below the FSP, the calculated MC was slightly greater than the value given by oven drying. The absolute error was within 0.8% near the open cross side, and was within 1.8% at another measurement point. Thus, we concluded that it was practicable to monitor the moisture content below the FSP according to the temperature and pressure inside the wood. Part of this study was presented at the 15th Annual Meeting of the Chugoku Shikoku Branch of the Japan Wood Research Society, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan, September 2003     

Compressive deformation of wood impregnated with low molecular weight phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin I: effects of pressing pressure and pressure holding

The deformation behavior of low molecular weight phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin-impregnated wood under compression in the radial direction was investigated for obtaining high-strength wood at low pressing pressures. Flat-sawn grain Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) blocks with a density of 0.34g/cm³ were treated with aqueous solution of 20% low molecular weight PF resin resulting in weight gain of 60.8%. Oven-dried specimens were compressed using hot plates fixed to a testing machine. The temperature was 150°C and the pressing speed was 5mm/min. The impregnation of PF resin caused significant softening of the cell walls resulting in collapse at low pressures. The cell wall collapse was strain-dependent and occurred at a strain of 0.05–0.06mm/mm regardless of whether the wood was treated with PF resin. Thus, pressure holding causing creep deformation of the cell walls was also effective in initiating cell wall collapse at low pressure. Utilizing a combination of low molecular weight PF resin impregnation and pressure holding at 2MPa resulted in a density increase of PF resin-treated wood from 0.45 to 1.1g/cm³. At the same time, the Youngs modulus and bending strength increased from 10GPa to 22GPa and 80MPa to 250MPa, respectively. It can be concluded that effective utilization of the collapse region of the cell wall is a desirable method for obtaining high-strength PF resin-impregnated wood at low pressing pressures.     

Termite resistance and wood-penetrability of chemically modified tannin and tannin-copper complexes as wood preservatives

We examined the ability of chemically modified tannin and tannin-copper complexes to penetrate wood and the ability of the treated wood to resist termites. Only the tannin-treated wood retained the agents after treatment. Wood with untreated mimosa tannin (MT) retained the least amount, followed by wood with resorcinolated tannin (RMT) and that with catecholated tannin (CMT). When RMT or CMT was mixed with ammonia-copper, the wood retained twice as much of these solutions as the MT -ammonia-copper solution. The degree of retention of RMT-NH₃-Cu and CMT-NH₃-Cu ranged from 268 to 326kg/m³. The solutions penetrated 2–13 mm from the tangential sections of the logs. We also measured the termite resistance conferred by these solutions. Most of the tannin-NH₃-Cu solutions showed contact lethality for termites in the contact toxicity test. However, the termites were fed cellulose treated with those solutions and most survived the oral toxicity test (14 days). Moreover, these solutions reduced the amount of damage to the wood by termites. However, the mortality rate of the termites during the eating-damage test (>21 days) did not reach 100% for any of the solutions except for RMT. As a result of the field stake test with the same log's used for the penetrability test, the mass loss of wood treated with RMT or CMT alone or with RMT + NH₃ + CuCl₂, was about one-third to one-half that of the controls. Because these solutions have good wood penetrability and good termite resistance, they have potential use as low-toxicity wood preservatives.     

调压灌溉系统压力变幅对应关系的研究

建立调压灌溉系统各部分压力变幅的对应关系是合理确定调节压力限的基础。通过管网各节点压力变量的分析及建立水泵机组供水扬程与调压罐压力平衡之间的关系,提出了田间压力变幅、水泵扬程变幅与调压罐压力、水位变幅的直接对应关系,据此可很简便地根据田间灌水质量所要求的田间压力允许变幅及水泵机组经济安全运行所允许的扬程变幅,综合确定调压罐的调节压力限。     

Year-to-year variations in Bering Sea ice cover and some consequences for fish distributions

The southernmost extension of winter ice cover varies interannually and on longer time scales, reflecting large-scale changes in driving forces, especially in the position and intensity of the winter Aleutian Low Pressure System. A conspicuous pattern is alternating warm and cool periods of several years' duration. These variations in sea ice cover are reflected in the character of a subsurface cold pool, formed as stratification isolates the deeper cold waters from surface exchanges. The cold pool is better developed and more extensive in summers that follow deep southward penetration of winter sea ice. Interannual and decadal-scale variations in the distributions of some fish stocks reflect those of ice and thermal conditions. In particular, the distribution of walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, varies significantly with multiannual cool and warm years while Arctic cod, Boreogadus saida, is only present within the cold pool. The relation among climate variations, sea ice cover, subsurface thermal conditions, and fish distribution provides information on how climate affects marine ecosystems and may also have practical application in predicting fish distributions.     

我国压力补偿灌水器的研究进展

概述了近十年来,国内外压力补偿灌水器的应用情况及研究进展,在综合数值模拟、快速成型技术、可视化试验平台等多种先进技术手段的基础上提出了压力补偿灌水器比较完善的开发路线,并对该路线中涉及的关键问题进行了讨论。补偿机理的研究是压力补偿灌水器设计研发的核心,本文通过课题组已完成的部分工作,指出采用流固耦合方法进行数值模拟,获得灌水器内部压力速度分布及膜片变形情况,结合可视化试验是阐明压力补偿灌水器补偿原理、加快压力补偿灌水器研究的有效途径。     

基于LabVIEW的小麦生物量检测系统

为了快速、无损地测量小麦生物量,根据小麦茎秆的力学特性,设计了一种基于LabVIEW的小麦生物量检测系统。以压力传感器为测量元件,以阿尔泰DAM—3056AH为高速采集模块,获取的小麦受推杆作用产生的回弹力信号由LabVIEW测量系统完成数据的实时采集、显示和保存。利用该检测系统在田间进行小麦生物量检测试验,以验证系统的性能。试验结果表明不同品种的小麦茎秆回弹力具有明显的差异,小麦茎秆回弹力与生物量（鲜质量）具有一定的相关性,采用线性回归法建立两者之间的回归模型,模型的决定系数R2达到0.7127。结果表明基于力学原理进行小麦生物量检测是可行的。     

基于PWM控制的轮缸压力精细调节试验

建立了试验台架液压系统，在此基础上进行了基于PWM技术的轮缸压力精细调节试验，确定了PWM控制的载波频率。对ABS进油阀进行PWM控制测试，确定了ABS进油阀PWM控制占空比工作范围，建立了PWM控制的轮缸增压速率经验模型，通过试验验证了模型的正确性。     

两级双吸离心泵压力脉动特性

选用Standardk -ε和RNGk-ε湍流模型分别在0.62Qd 、0.8Qd、1.0Qd、1.1Qd和1.2Qd工况下对两级双吸离心泵内部流场进行了定常和非定常模拟,分析了泵的能量特性和压力脉动特性.研究发现,吸水室内压力脉动主频约为2倍转频,各监测点的压力脉动幅值分布呈现一定规律但相差不超过1％;叶片区各监测点压力脉动主频为2倍的转频,从进口边到出口边压力脉动幅值呈现出逐渐增大的趋势;压水室内各监测点压力脉动主频为叶片通过频率,远离隔舌方向,压力脉动幅值先增大后减小,幅值最大点出现在第二蜗道远离隔舌一定角度的位置.泵内压力脉动幅值随着偏离设计工况而增大,其中叶片通过频率下的压力脉动随着流量增加而逐渐增大,1.2Qd工况1倍叶片通过频率下的压力脉动幅值是设计工况下的125％;转频下的压力脉动随着流量减小而增大,隔舌处监测点0.62Qd工况1倍转频下的压力脉动幅值是设计工况的142％.在同一工况下,一级和二级对应部件的压力脉动时域及频域特性相似.