纤维增强聚合物对中密度纤维板的增强效果

采用碳纤维布和玻璃纤维布与中密度纤维板复合,研究纤维布种类、胶粘剂品种、涂胶量及纤维板基材厚度等因素对纤维增强聚合物／MDF复合板性能的影响。结果表明：对于复合板静曲强度和弹性模量的提高,碳纤维布的效果优于玻璃纤维布;酚醛胶单面涂胶量为180g／m2时,复合板的MOR、MOE和他分别达到3633．8、62．5、1．046MPa;环氧胶单面涂胶量为120g／m2时,复合板的MOR和MOE分别为3900．5、49．58MPa;中密度纤维板厚度不同,其静曲强度和弹性模量提高量也不同,FRP对薄板的增强效果优于厚板。     

多层瓦楞纸淀粉胶的性能

分别以玉米淀粉、小麦淀粉、马铃薯淀粉为原料,采用二步法按不同配比制备多层瓦楞纸生产线用淀粉胶黏剂,并对其性能进行研究。结果表明,糊化温度随淀粉胶质量分数和NaOH质量分数的增大而降低;SteinHall黏度随NaOH质量分数增大先减小,当NaOH质量分数超过0.7%时,Stein-Hall黏度迅速增大。在同一温度时,Brabender黏度从大到小依次为马铃薯淀粉胶、小麦淀粉胶、玉米淀粉胶;经过同一放置时间时,Brabender黏度从大到小依次为马铃薯淀粉胶、玉米淀粉胶、小麦淀粉胶。     

胶合板剪切强度试件的力学分析

通过对胶合板剪切强度试件的力学分析,表明试验机的夹头应采取上下可移动、左右固定法。在测试时,应注意取样方法,试验用水、加荷速度、计算公式和试验的判定。     

同步附着系的优化

提出一种同步附着系数的计算方法，它不仅能满足制动法规对车辆制动性能的要求，而且能较大地提高附着系数的利用率     

Polyurethane Adhesive Ingestion

Polyurethane adhesives are found in a large number of household products in the United States and are used for a variety of purposes. Several brands of these expanding wood glues (those containing diphenylmethane diisocyanate [MDI]) have the potential to form gastrointestinal (GI) foreign bodies if ingested. The ingested adhesive forms an expanding ball of glue in the esophagus and gastric lumen. This expansion is caused by a polymerization reaction using the heat, water, and gastric acids of the stomach. A firm mass is created that can be 4-8 times its original volume. As little as 2 oz of glue have been reported to develop gastric foreign bodies. The obstructive mass is reported to form within minutes of ingestion of the adhesive. The foreign body can lead to esophageal impaction and obstruction, airway obstruction, gastric outflow obstruction, mucosal hemorrhage, ulceration, laceration, perforation of the esophageal and gastric linings, and death. Clinical signs following ingestion include anorexia, lethargy, vomiting, tachypnea, and abdominal distention and pain, and typically develop within 12 hours. Clinical signs may depend upon the size of the mass. If left untreated, perforation and rupture of the esophagus or stomach can occur. The glue mass does not stick to the GI mucosa and is not always detectable on abdominal palpation. Radiographs are recommended to confirm the presence of the “glue-ball” foreign body, and radiographic evidence of the obstruction may be seen as early as 4-6 hours following ingestion. Emesis is contraindicated owing to the risk of aspiration of the glue into the respiratory tree or the subsequent lodging of the expanding glue mass in the esophagus. Likewise, efforts to dilute the glue and prevent the formation of the foreign body through administration of liquids, activated charcoal, or bulk-forming products to push the foreign body through the GI tract have proven ineffective. Even endoscopy performed to remove the foreign body has been shown to be unreliable. The safest, most effective, and successful therapy is surgical intervention to remove the GI foreign body. If performed early enough, complete recovery of the animal can be expected. Differential diagnoses for polyurethane adhesive ingestion include any potential cause of GI obstruction. The public is largely unaware of the hazards that ingestion of this product may produce. Public education efforts are needed to inform pet owners about the hazards of these glues and the overall importance of providing our companion animals with safe, poison-free environments.     

Effect of sodium acetate on the adhesion to porcine gastric mucin in a Lactococcus lactis strain grown on fructose

The association of lactic acid bacteria with mucosal surfaces plays important roles in the beneficial effects of these bacteria on human health, such as colonization of the gastrointestinal tract for pathogen antagonism. Previously, we found that the adhesion of Lactococcus lactis 7‐1 to porcine gastric mucin was higher with fructose than with lactose, galactose or xylose as the carbon source. In this study, we examined the effect of growth conditions on the adhesion of strain 7‐1 grown on fructose. Medium components affect the adhesion: the adhesion of strain 7‐1 grown with sodium acetate was higher than that without it. The enhancement of adhesion by sodium acetate was not observed under aerobic conditions. Cellular properties grown with or without sodium acetate were characterized: strain 7‐1 grown with sodium acetate had similar sugar contents, and different fatty acid composition to those grown without it. Strain 7‐1 grown with sodium acetate showed significantly lower cell yield and significantly higher hydrophobicity than those grown without it, which is associated with higher adhesion. Fructose and sodium acetate are frequently used in the food industry; this study may reveal a simple way to enhance the adhesion of lactic acid bacteria by growing them with these substances.     

木材用糠醇树脂的研究进展

糠醇来自玉米、小麦加工剩余物,稳定的呋喃环和羟甲基赋予糠醇较好的耐热耐水性能和较高的反应活性,使其广泛用于制备生物质材料。将糠醇用于制备木材胶黏剂及用于木材改性研究,能有效提高木材的高值化利用率。通过综述糠醇的资源现状、化学结构和糠醇自缩聚或与单宁、木质素、尿素共缩聚合成糠醇树脂的过程和性能,分析了糠醇自缩聚树脂对木竹材改性的原理及其在木竹材改性领域的研究现状,进一步对木材用糠醇树脂的有效利用提出了研究展望,为木材行业更好的研究糠醇提供了新的思路。     

环境友好型胶合板用脲醛树脂胶黏剂的研究

对不同固化体系下低摩尔比脲醛树脂胶黏剂的固化时间、适用期进行探讨,研究其对胶接性能、甲醛释放量的影响。结果表明：不同固化体系,物理力学性能不同,胶接强度均达到国家标准II类板的要求,甲醛释放量均达到E0级。当使用NQ-J0-1,n甲醛∶n脲素=1∶1,V固化剂∶m胶液=5 mL∶100 g,性能最佳。     

玉米/木薯淀粉基竹炭成型燃料的品质特性

为制备便于贮存、运输以及使用性能较佳的生物质炭成型燃料,采用玉米和木薯两种改性淀粉胶粘剂,试验研究了胶粘剂用量对竹炭成型燃料抗压强度、抗跌碎强度、热值和灰分等品质特性指标的影响。结果表明：当淀粉胶粘剂用量在10%～30%范围内变化时,竹炭成型燃料的抗压强度、抗跌碎强度提高,胶粘剂用量对其增强作用显著,对热值和灰分的影响非常小;在相同胶粘剂比例条件下,木薯淀粉基竹炭成型块的抗压、抗跌碎强度优于玉米淀粉基竹炭成型块。综合考虑,选用木薯淀粉胶粘剂比例25%制出的炭成型燃料品质相对较佳。     

烟蚜测报诱集方法的研究

本文研究结果表明 ,不同颜色的粘性诱板对烟田蚜虫都有一定的诱集作用 ,柠檬黄色的诱板色面朝上放置的诱板诱集效果最好。诱板和黄皿诱集得到的烟田有翅蚜发生动态一致并和田间有翅蚜量消长动态吻合。诱板同黄皿相比 ,具有安全可靠、减轻工作量、调查方便的特点 ,适宜在烟蚜测报中推广使用