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11.
本文对黑龙江省栽培的黑穗醋栗(Ribes migrum L)两个品种,即厚皮长穗和薄皮黑豆,进行了核型分析。其染色体数目均为2n=2x=16,核型公式为2n=16=16m,核型均由中部着丝点染色体组成,均具有一对随体,文中并对起源问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
12.
中国胡椒疫霉种及交配型的研究 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
1982—1990年,从海南、云南、广东省13个县(市)的60多个发生胡椒瘟病的胡椒园采集大量带菌材料的样本,经分离获得65个疫霉菌株,并鉴定为寄生疫霉(Phytophthara parasitica Dast.)和竦淑疫霉(P.capsici Leon.)两个种。这是国内首次报道。在65个菌株中,寄生疫霉为34株,辣椒疫霉为31株,两者的比例接近1:1。这两个种对中国主要胡椒植区的胡椒瘟病具有同等的重要性。所有菌株的支配型中,两个种都以A~2占大多数,而且都存在个别同宗配合和中性菌株。 相似文献
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The results showed that the essential oil from Piper sarmentosum has strong antifeedant and toxicity effects on Brontispa longissima. The best antifeedant and contact toxicity effects were observed in the 1st-2nd instar larvae. The essential oil also displayed a notable fumigation effect on the eggs and pupae of B. longissima. It took the control-treated insects 43.34 d to complete one generation, while the insects treated with 2000 mg/L essential oil needed 73.58 d. The essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and 41 components were identified. Myristicin (65.22%) and trans-caryophyllene (13.89%) were the major components. Myristicin exhibited strong antifeedant and contact toxicity effects on both the 3rd instar larvae and the imagoes of B. longissima, when it showed a significant fumigation effect on the eggs and pupae of B. longissima. Another P. sarmentosum essential oil and myristicin all showed a strong inhibiting effect on the growth and development of B. longissima along with the activity of AChE, CarE, GSTs and Na+, K+-ATPase in B. longissima larvae. 相似文献
15.
Nutrient stocks of short-term fallows on a high base status soil in the humid tropics of Papua New Guinea 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alfred E. Hartemink 《Agroforestry Systems》2004,63(1):33-43
In order to understand nutrient dynamics in tropical farming systems with fallows, it is necessary to assess changes in nutrient
stocks in plants, litter and soils. Nutrient stocks (soil, above ground biomass, litter) were assessed of one-year old fallows
with Piper aduncum, Gliricidia sepium and Imperata cylindrica in the humid lowlands of Papua New Guinea. The experiment was conducted on a high base status soil (Typic Eutropepts), and
in Papua New Guinea such soils are intensively used for agriculture. Soil samples were taken prior to fallow establisment
and after one year when the fallows were slashed and above ground biomass and nutrients measured. The above ground and litter
biomass of piper was 13.7 Mg dry matter ha-1, compared to 23.3 Mg ha-1 of gliricidia and 14.9 Mg ha-1 of imperata. Gliricidia produced almost 7 Mg ha-1 wood. Total above ground biomass returned to the soil when the fallows were slashed was the same for piper and gliricidia
(8 Mg ha-1). Gliricidia accumulated the largest amounts of all major nutrients except for K, which was highest in the above ground piper
biomass. Imperata biomass contained the lowest amount of nutrients. The largest stocks of C, N, Ca and Mg were found in the
soil, whereas the majority of P was found in the above ground biomass and litter. Almost half of the total K stock of piper
and gliricidia was in the biomass. During the fallow period, soil organic C significantly increased under gliricidia fallow
whereas no net changes occurred in piper and imperata fallows. The study has shown large differences in biomass and nutrient
stocks between the two woody fallows (piper, gliricidia) and between the woody fallows and the non-woody fallow (imperata).
Short-term woody fallows are to be preferred above grass (imperata) fallows in the humid lowlands of Papua New Guinea because
of higher nutrient stocks. 相似文献
16.
[目的]探索穗条年龄、粗度与插穗切口处理对细叶青蒌藤扦插繁殖的影响。[方法]在福建沙县进行细叶青蒌藤扦插试验,研究穗条年龄、粗度与插穗切口处理对细叶青蒌藤扦插繁殖的影响。[结果]穗条年龄、粗度与切口位置与方法对细叶青蒌藤扦插繁殖的成苗率及新梢长度均有着极显著性差异性影响(P〈0.01)。1~2年的穗条的成苗率与梢长显著优于3~4年穗条的扦插繁殖效果(P〈0.05);3~4年穗条的成苗率与梢长显著优于5年以上穗条的扦插繁殖效果(P〈0.05)。大于0.20cm粗度穗条扦插繁殖的成苗率与新梢长度显著优于小于0.20cm粗度穗条(P〈0.05)。节下1.5~2.5cm的插穗切口位置效果优于2.5~3.5cm的,单削斜口处理效果优于平剪处理。切口位置因素效应均大于切口处理因素,双因素的交互作用不显著(P〉0.05)。[结论]该试验进行了细叶青蒌藤扦插繁殖的穗条年龄、粗度、切口处理方面的研究,发现在节下1.5~2.5cm进行单削斜口的穗条处理结合效果最好。 相似文献
17.
以黑穗醋栗半同胞家系子代测定林为研究对象,通过探讨果实性状的遗传变异规律综合分析了数量性状的遗传效应,并以此为基础材料,系统进行了优良家系的选择。结果表明,家系间果实性状存在一定的变异,其中,果径变异较小,果穗质量变异较大,单果质量变异最大,平均变异系数分别为2.75%、32.36%和40.41%。果径和果穗质量的遗传力较强,遗传增益中等,遗传分化较小,遗传力分别为0.995和0.811,遗传增益分别为1.28%和9.67%,综合考虑各种影响因素,确定RINI07为优良家系。 相似文献
18.
[目的]研究不同溶剂的假蒟叶提取物对亚硝化反应的影响。[方法]在模拟胃液条件下,测定假蒟叶提取物亚硝酸盐清除率及亚硝胺合成阻断率。[结果]不同溶剂的假蒟提取物均有一定的抑制亚硝化反应作用,其中乙酸乙酯提取物的抑制作用最强,且其对亚硝酸盐的清除率及对亚硝胺合成的阻断率在一定的浓度范围内随其浓度的增加而增加,对亚硝酸盐清除能力较强,其IC50值为0.425mg/ml,对亚硝胺合成阻断的能力相对较低,其IC50值为4.064 mg/ml。[结论]假蒟叶提取物具有较好的亚硝化反应抑制活性且主要通过清除底物亚硝酸盐来实现。 相似文献
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Ivar Dencker Poul Hansen 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(1):73-77
Abstract Shoot growth as affected by plant size at planting, peat application in the planting hole, pruning, drip-irrigation and, for apple, specific apple replant disease (SARD) was investigated in apple (cv. Elstar) and blackcurrant (cvs Ben Lomond and Ben Nevis), using a multifactorial design. In the first year after planting, peat application and drip-irrigation enhanced shoot growth in both species, with a further interactional increase when both treatments were applied. The extension growth of apple, in contrast to blackcurrant, was positively related to plant size, and the strength of the relationship was distinctly improved when growth conditions were good. Pruning had only small effects on total shoot growth, with a trend towards an increase when growth conditions were poor. 相似文献