瓜类蔬菜光合特性研究进展

综述了瓜类蔬菜光合特性的研究进展，总结了光照、温度、CO2浓度、水分、矿质营养、叶龄、叶住及嫁接等因素对光合作用的影响，并提出了今后的研究方向。     

紫花苜蓿根腐新病原-厚垣镰孢菌生物学特性研究

针对紫花苜蓿根腐致病菌厚垣镰孢菌(Fusarium chlamydosporum)在不同温度、光照、p H和多种碳氮源条件下的生物学特性,采用菌饼法进行了测定,并对不同碳氮源下菌落产色素情况进行了连续观察。结果表明:该病原菌在5~40℃均可生长,最适温度为25℃;当p H 4.0~12.0时均能生长,最适宜p H为7.0;全黑暗条件有利于菌丝生长,菌丝生长最适碳源、氮源分别为山梨醇和蛋白胨,碳源氯醛糖及除蛋白胨以外8种氮源均不利于菌丝的生长。含不同碳氮源培养基可诱导菌丝产生不同色素,且颜色变化差异大,在不同的生长阶段,色素颜色也会发生变化。     

叶绿体色素的提取方法改进及其应用

对叶绿体色素的提取和制备方法进行了改进。结果表明:用改进后的方法测定叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的含量,能有效的避免方法误差,具有快速、准确、重现性好的特点。     

梨不同砧穗组合光合特性

 用CIRAS-1 便携式光合作用测定系统研究了豆梨(Pyrus betulaefolia Bunge) 、杜梨(P.calleryana Dcen.) 幼树以及豆梨、杜梨与砂梨(P. pyrifolia Nakai) 品种丰水、新高4 种砧穗组合幼树叶片的光合作用。结果表明, 砧木显著影响栽培品种的光合作用, 杜梨比豆梨以及以杜梨为砧木的丰水、新高幼树比以豆梨为砧木的两品种幼树叶片净光合速率(Pn) 、表观量子产量(Φi) 、羧化效率(CE) 、水分利用效率(WUE) 高。新高的Pn、Φi 、CE 和WUE 值较丰水高, 且在两种砧木上均表现出同样的结果。     

pH 值与金属离子浓度对多种果蔬植物色素的影响

从植物中提取的天然色素对pH值与金属离子浓度的敏感度不同,所受影响也不同。主要选取黄皮果皮色素、赤豆皮色素、柑桔皮色素、勾儿茶果、红雪茶色素,来测定pH值对它们的影响。选取,黄皮果皮色素、赤豆皮色素、勾儿茶果色素、红雪茶色素来测定金属离子浓度对他们的影响,从而探讨这些色素对pH值与金属离子的稳定性。     

核桃细菌性疫病菌特性及其与核桃内生菌的竞争作用

为了明确本实验室前期分离得到的一株核桃细菌性疫病菌Xaj DW3F3的相关特性及其与寄主内生菌的竞争能力。对该病原细菌进行了显微观察、生物膜形成测定,不同培养基上多糖和色素含量,以及18项生理生化指标测定。通过毛细管法和滴落法观察其趋化作用,并测试其与寄主内生菌的竞争能力。结果表明,病原菌DW3F3为杆状、极生鞭毛、有运动性并能形成生物膜。其在YPGA、King’B 和NA培养基上生长较好,产生多糖和色素较多。病原菌有较强的耐盐性,致死温度达60℃,对纤维素和淀粉都有较强的分解能力,对NaCl和寄主叶片表现出一定的趋性。在其与核桃叶部内生菌的共培养中表现出一定竞争优势。该病菌菌DW3F3有树生黄单胞菌核桃致病变种（Xanthomonas arboricola pv.juglandis,Xaj）的基本特征及致病相关特性,这些特征可能与其致病性强及病害难以控制有关。     

栽植密度对甜樱桃光合特性、产量和果实品质的影响

本研究以四川汉源地区的甜樱桃新品种‘拉宾斯’为试材,对比分析了不同栽植密度（3.5m?.0m、4.0m?.5m和4.0m?.0m）下甜樱桃光合特性、产量和品质的差异。研究结果表明,4.0m?.5m栽植密度下,甜樱桃‘拉宾斯’光合能力、产量和果实品质表现最优,4.0m?.0m次之,3.5m?.0m最弱。该研究结果为甜樱桃新品种‘拉宾斯’在当地的推广提供了理论依据。     

Isolation and Characterization of a Yellow Xanthophyll Pigment-Producing Marine Bacterium,Erythrobacter sp. SDW2 Strain,in Coastal Seawater

Xanthophylls, a yellow pigment belonging to the carotenoid family, have attracted much attention for industrial applications due to their versatile nature. We report the isolation of a homo xanthophyll pigment-producing marine bacterium, identified as the Erythrobacter sp. SDW2 strain, from coastal seawater. The isolated Erythrobacter sp. SDW2 strain can produce 263 ± 12.9 mg/L (89.7 ± 5.4 mg/g dry cell weight) of yellow xanthophyll pigment from 5 g/L of glucose. Moreover, the xanthophyll pigment produced by the SDW2 strain exhibits remarkable antioxidative activities, confirmed by the DPPH (73.4 ± 1.4%) and ABTS (84.9 ± 0.7%) assays. These results suggest that the yellow xanthophyll pigment-producing Erythrobacter sp. SDW2 strain could be a promising industrial microorganism for producing marine-derived bioactive compounds with potential for foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.     

正交组合设计法优化红甘蓝色素提取工艺参数

研究了红甘蓝色素提取过程中温度、提取时间对提取产量的影响.在单因素试验的条件下,采用正交试验方法对提取过程的工艺条件进行了优化,确定了红甘蓝色素提取的最佳工艺参数:在料液比为1∶15的条件下,提取时间40 min,提取温度40℃,提取得到的红甘蓝色素产量最高;验证性试验也取得同样的结果.     

Abnormal ocular pigment deposition and glaucoma in the dog

The combined occurrence of ocular pigment deposition and glaucoma has been described in Cairn Terriers. Recently, this condition was also observed in two other breeds: the Boxer (two cases) and the Labrador Retriever (one case). Six dogs were referred to the Ophthalmology section of the Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals and to a private referral clinic because of glaucoma or blindness in one or both eyes. In five cases ophthalmic examination showed pigment depositions in the sclera around the entire circumference of the perilimbal zone. Eight enucleated eyes (four eyes of two Cairn Terriers, three eyes of two Boxers and one eye of a Labrador Retriever) were examined microscopically. All eyes showed the same findings: an extensive infiltration of large melanin-containing cells with an eccentric nucleus, located in the iris, ciliary body, retina, choroids and sclera. Transmission electron microscopy of two of the examined eyes revealed that the morphology of most of these cells was consistent with melanophages. While reports in the veterinary literature concerning this condition are limited the cells concerned have been described to be melanocytes. Further research is needed to conclusively identify the cell type. As described in the present report, the histologic and transmission electron microscopic findings suggest a different etiology of the ocular pigment deposition and glaucoma compared with the pigment dispersal syndrome in humans.